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Specifics of the radiodiagnostic examinations in the Hospital of Pelhřimov, p.o.
CHADIMOVÁ, Tereza
Nowadays, sciascopy examinations are increasingly being replaced by other examination methods, which include especially CT examinations, and therefore their number is gradually decreasing. The first goal of the bachelor thesis entitled "Specifics of radio diagnostic examinations in Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization", is to describe the history of the radio diagnostic department in Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization. The second goal is to analyze trends in imaging methods with a focus on Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization, between the years 2009-2018. In the theoretical part I mentioned the history of the radio diagnostic department in Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization, and I described contrast agents, their use and distribution. The largest part was devoted to the description of radio diagnostic devices used in Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization. These include ultrasound, X-ray machine, computed tomography or skiascopic-skiagraphic wall. Another part of my bachelor thesis contains a description of examinations performed on CT apparatus and skiascopic-skiagraphic wall in Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization. For the processing of the practical part I used data obtained from Pelhřimov Hospital, allowance organization, in the form of printed operation logs, with which I created tables. I divided the tables according to the types of examinations and the individual years and compared whether the spectrum of the individual types of examinations on the CT apparatus and the skiascopic-sciagraphic wall have changed in the past ten years. The contribution of this bachelor thesis serves as a background material for the staff of the radio diagnostic department in Pelhřimov Hospital. Furthermore, it is intended to inform the public and other health facilities.
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Laser-driven hard X-ray source for imaging applications
Lamač, Marcel ; Nejdl, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kozák, Martin (referee)
With the advent of high-power lasers in recent decades, a unique source of hard X-ray radiation has become availible. This source of collimated, broadband, femtosecond, incoherent and hard X-ray radiation is produced when a focused laser with intensity above 10^18 W/cm^2 collides with a gas target. The strong electric field of the laser pulse ionizes the gas and interacts with the plasma generating a strong plasma wake wave. This space charge separation inside the target generates longitudal electric fields of the order of 100 GV/m. This resulting electrostatic wakefield accelerates the electrons to relativistic velocities and causes them to travel in oscillatory motion behind the laser pulse, producing hard and collimated X-ray radiation. This thesis is focused on a theoretical evaluation and an experimental design of this laser-plasma X-ray source. Furthermore, we consider the source's unique properties for novel imaging applications.
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DESIGN OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE METHOD FOR TESTING OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE
Komárková, Tereza ; Steinbauer,, Miloslav (referee) ; Maňas,, Pavel (referee) ; Anton, Ondřej (advisor)
The doctoral thesis deals with a non-destructive testing method (NDT) designed to evaluate the uniformity of distribution and determination of the concentration of steel fibres in steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC). At present, no non-destructive method is available in the field of diagnostics of building structures to assess the concentration and the homogeneity of SFRC. The Institute of Building Testing (SZK FAST BUT Brno) has several diagnostic devices, but their utility for the evaluation of selected parameters of SFRC has not proven during the research activity. This knowledge led to the design of a new measuring instrument in cooperation with the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Electrical Engineering of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication (UTEE FEKT BUT in Brno) and the methodology for evaluation of these parameters. The proposed NDT method has been experimentally tested and verified for its utility for the evaluation of SFRC in building practice.
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Dimensional measurements from a limited set of X-ray projections
Iser, Tomáš ; Horáček, Jan (advisor) ; Křivánek, Jaroslav (referee)
Modern non-destructive approaches for quality control in manufacturing often rely on X-ray computed tomography to measure even difficult-to-reach features. Unfortunately, such measurements require hundreds or thousands of calibrated X-ray projections, which is a time-consuming process and may cause bottlenecks. In the recent state-of-the-art research, tens and hundreds of projections are still required. In this thesis, we examine the radiography physics, technologies, and ex- isting solutions, and we propose a novel approach for non-destructive dimensional measurements from a limited number of projections. Instead of relying on com- puted tomography, we formulate the measurements as a minimization problem in which we compare our parametric model to reference radiographs. We propose the whole dimensional measurements pipeline, including object parametrizations, material calibrations, simulations, and hierarchical optimizations. We fully im- plemented the method and evaluated its accuracy and repeatability using real radiographs of real physical objects. We achieved accuracy in the range of tens or hundreds of micrometers, which is almost comparable to industrial computed tomography, but we only used two or three reference radiographs. These results are significant for industrial quality control. Acquiring...
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Summary report on radiographic documentation of figurative decorations in the Bučovice castle ceremony hall
Valach, Jaroslav ; Eisler, Marek
This report summarizes the results of radiographic and endoscopic investigation of stucco and figural decorations located in the ceremony hall at the castle in Bučovice, Vyškov county. The internal structure of the statues and ornaments and their varying degree of fracture damage was documented using a portable set comprised of source and recording plates. The support structures used by the original artists as a vantage point for the modelling of their intended shapes were revealed and examined by means of radiography and endoscopy. This data is important for the art historian’s investigation of this cultural monument. Included in the report is a set of photographs and radiographs and their interpretation.
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Radiography image preprocessing tools
Chmelař, Petr ; Richter, Miloslav (referee) ; Petyovský, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with design and realization of methods of preprocessing of X-ray images and its storage. In the first part of this thesis, there were designed and implemented methods for preprocessing of series of X-ray images such as averaging after image registration or merging of images to a HDR image using Debevec method. In the following part of the thesis, there was done a literary research of data formats based on which was implemented a library for x-ray images storage. Both implemented methods allow to reduce a random noise by merging a series of images. Application of the Debevec method also allow to increase a dynamic range of image.
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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Investigative methods of gastrointestinal tract
ZATLOUKALOVÁ, Jana
The bachelor thesis deals with investigative methods of examination of the gastrointestinal tract and their frequency in a given period carried out in the Hospital of Milosrdní bratří Brno, Znojmo Hospital and the Hospital of Uherské Hradiště a. s. It is graphically processed amount of medical services carried out during 20092014. Data were obtained from the database od radiodiagnostic department. It also to evaluates the work of radiological assistant during these medical examinations. I tried to point out that the basis of good results of individual tests is not only professionalism, both theoretical and practical knowledge of radiology assistant, but also sensitive and helpful and respectfull psychological support to the patient, which may fundamentally affect the test results.
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Calculation of efficient dose rtg diagnostic irradiation
Bažantová, Lucie ; Drastich, Aleš (referee) ; Rozman, Jiří (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals primarily with the theory of ionizing radiation and its interaction with matter. It deals particularly with x-radiation and the methods of its use in medicine. The thesis contains a description of the origin of the x-ray image and a description of the techniques of radiography and skiascopy. A list of quantities and units used in radiation physics and in radiation protection has been set out, with regard to assessing the risk involved in the interaction of x-radiation with an organism. In particular, the effective dose and the methods of evaluating this during medical irradiation have been set out. The main parts of the work are an overview of the software environment used in radiation physics and an example of the calculation of an effective dose for a concrete radiographic examination together with a detailed description of the method of calculation. At the end of the thesis there is a table of calculated values and an evaluation of them.
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The complex diagnostics of apartment building construction before reconstruction
Kocich, Tomáš ; Vítek,, Lubomír (referee) ; Hobst, Leonard (advisor)
This thesis deals with the diagnosis of a residential building from the late nineteen twenties for the needs of reconstruction. The methods generally used in the diagnosis of structures are briefly described in the theoretical part. More deeply this section describes the methods that were used during this particular research. The practical part deals with the diagnosis of the object itself. The first section describes the layout of the villa, its design solution, its faults and defects detected during the inspection. The next section deals with evaluating the current state of construction materials. Static reports of several structural parts were calculated in the last section.
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