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Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM)
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Bc. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Design of Pilot Clinical Trial of Treatment of Hepatitis C in Polyvalent Problem Drug Users with Pharmacological Substitution of Opioids and Methamphetamine (HCV-PPDUSOM) Master's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2016 Abstract Hepatitis C is one of the most serious blood-borne complications of somatic health status of drug users. The HCV-positive injecting drug users are therefore directly indicated for the treatment of this type (and other types also) of hepatitis. Problematic adherence and treatment compliance is obvious in this group. Both foreign and domestic experiences show that stabilization of the use of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) substances is the essential part of the treatment of hepatitis. The interaction of the high quality treatment of somatic, psychosocial and add-on pharmacological care, including the substitution of illegal (and/or illegally acquired) drugs, leads to patient's increased compliance and adherence to HCV treatment. This diploma thesis is presenting both the theoretical frame and the study design of the pilot clinical trial of HCV treatment with the supportive substitution...
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The purity of illicit drugs (methamphetamine, heroin and cocaine) in Czech Republic
Limpouchová, Markéta ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (referee)
This work deals with the purity of the illegal drugs methamphetamine, cocaine and heroin, and its implications in a broad context. The theses is divided into two parts - the theoretical and the practical one. The theoretical part provides background information about the selected illegal drugs. The aim is to introduce the drugs in the context of the topic of this work, whereby the reader may gain an understanding of the implications of illicit drug purity. It contains a brief history of the selected drugs and mentions the current prevalence of their use in the Czech Republic. It also provides basic information about the production, chemical structure, administration and effects of these substances. Furthermore, the negative health impact that the adulteration of these drugs may have is also discussed.The practical part focuses on two areas. The first objective of this work consists of a proposal to establish the optimal borders between the wholesale and retail quantities, which should increase the information value of the data. The second objective of this study consists of a secondary analysis of drug seizures and the purity of the most frequently used illegal drugs in the Czech Republic, in the context of an international comparison. It is hypothesized that the purity of imported illegal drugs (heroin and...
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Mapping and description of treatment interventions in Apolinar treatment facility with focus on metamphetamine users
Hetzerová, Lucie ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
The aim of this work was to map the treatment interventions with woman ward block of the Clinic of addictology - Apolinář, with the focus on users of methamphetamine. The topic of this work was chosen based on the absence of researches with this issue. Literature dealing with this issue in our country is unfortunately sporadic and therefore based on the general literature on this topic. The representative number of patients with methamphetamine addiction wasn't ensured during the research. The permission by the Ethical Committee would be needed as well. Due to the time limitation the most effective way was to choose the employees of the Clinic of addictology - Apolinar, who have experience with these patients. The final research had 5 respondents. The research included the interviews with the employees and was supported also by analysis of documentation and observation of researcher during her internship. Based on the research it was found that methamphetamine-dependent patients are young, immature, creative and impulsive, with external motivation and dissocial behavior. These are mostly patients who have developed basic structures and patterns of life. Methamphetamine- dependent patients can also be aggressive, destructive and ruthless. They do not know the rules of proper conduct or common...
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Methamphetamine use among clients visiting the contact centers in Prague.
Provazníková, Radka ; Reichelová, Lenka (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
AIMS: The main goal of this bachelor thesis is to describe drug-using related behavior patterns of clients of low-treshold facilities in Prague. The thesis is particularly focused on the methamphetamine users. SAMPLE GROUP: The sample group included 58 clients of three Prague contact centers (Sananim, Progressive and Drop-In). The main criteria of inclusion in the sample were the following: the subject visited at least one of the three contact centers in the period during which the study was conducted and they described themselves as mostly-methamphetamine users. Furthermore, clients who did not meet the EMCDDA definition of problem drug use were excluded. METHODS: Anonymous structured questionnaire was used in the survey. The questionnaire was designed solely for the purpose of this survey and the resulting dataset was analyzed by the means of descriptive statistics. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to our results, most of problem methamphetamine users, who visit contact centers in Prague, use the drug regularly several times a week. The amount of the drug consumed by a typical problem methamphetamine user seems to be independent of the day of the week and time of the day. An average drug dose is approximately 0,29 grams and the average number of daily doses is two or three. Right before taking...
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Spectral analysis of thermal decomposition of drugs and cigarette smoke
Vodenková, Eva ; Ferus, Martin (advisor) ; Nejdl, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the spectral analysis of combustion and thermolytic products of selected addictive substances. Spectral analyzes of smoke of various tobacco products (cigarette, electronic cigarettes, hookah) were performed in order to qualitatively determine the composition of smoke and compare the harmfulness of individual types. The main objective was to determine whether the electronic cigarettes are less harmful to health in terms of the composition of the main products detectable by high-resolution spectroscopy occurring in gas-phase smoke. Furthermore, the work deals with a more detailed analysis of drug thermolysis in a wider temperature range and repeatability of measurements over a longer period of time. New spectral single crystal radiation sources from Crytur were also used to measure absorption spectra and their applicability in the field of overton spectra was tested. All these measurements were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For tobacco products, less compounds were detected in electronic cigarettes and hookahs than in conventional cigarettes. In the case of drugs, we were able to confirm the repeatability of measurements and determine the percentage of individual substances at different temperatures. Furthermore, the applicability...
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Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution
Oktábec, Zbyněk ; Gabrhelík, Roman (advisor) ; Minařík, Jakub (referee)
Charles University in Prague First Faculty of Medicine Study programme: Specialization in Health Care Branch of Study: Addictology PharmDr. Zbyněk Oktábec, Ph.D. et Ph.D. Recent Findings on the Pharmacotherapy of Methamphetamine Dependence: Potentially Suitable Substances for Methamphetamine Substitution Bachelor's Thesis Advisor: Mgr. Roman Gabrhelík, Ph.D. Prague, 2014 Abstract Methamphetamine has long been a lead drug of abuse among problem drug users on the Czech drug scene. At the moment, there is no worldwide effective pharmacological treatment of addiction on the methamphetamine/amphetamine-like substances. There have been found substances, with the greater or lesser success, from different ATC groups as well as some new substances, which some patients/clients could profit from. Nevertheless we still fail to find a widely effective pharmacotherapy of methamphetamine dependence, which would be efficacious and broadly applicable, i.e. as the substances in the treatment of opioid dependence. This work aims to present current information on substitution and/or craving reduction therapy in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. This paper has the character of a research/review work and uses up-to-date data, not only in published articles and in the primary literature, but in ongoing clinical trials...
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Methodics of drug crime investigation
Kunetek, David ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Musil, Jan (referee)
Methodics of drug crime investigation Abstract The subject of my diploma work is the methodics of drug crime investigation. Above all, I have chosen this subject because I am deeply interested in the problem of drug and circumstances that are linked with this issue. As police officer I have a lot of experience on the field of drug crime investigation and I decided to focus my diploma work especially on the methodics of serious organized and international drug crime. My diploma work is structured into two parts and seven chapters. In the General part I tried to explain most important facts about drug crime, its history, its causes and I mentioned some specifics of the drug scene in the Czech Republic. Chapter 2 of my diploma work is aimed to provide detailed information about various kinds of drugs, about their origin, appearance and effects on human health. Very important part of my diploma work is also next chapter that is aimed on legal regulation of drug treatment in our country. Relevant crimes and misdemeanors were mentioned as well as some de lege ferenda suggestions concerning this issue. Chapter 4 deals with general principles of creating methodics of single crimes investigation. It describes essential components of these methodics, recommended approaches and tries to explain the necessity of...
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Care for meth users in the USA
Pacák, Michaela ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Minařík, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of my theoretical bachelor thesis was to map the care of methamphetamine users in the United States. In the introduction to my work, I explained the basic general information that is known about methamphetamine. From its structure to the use of methamphetamine in pharmacology, including its side effects caused by its use. Related to this is its popularity, but also the problems in the USA. Subsequently, I mention its history of synthesis, but also the ways in which methamphetamine and its use in the United States have spread to the population. I also point out the differences in its use that result from different racial, ethnic, and other differences. In the next part of the work, I evaluate the financial barriers that often lead to problematic care for methamphetamine users in the USA and summarize the current treatment that is provided to these users. At the end of this work, I point out some possibilities of the latest and promising treatment approaches, and in the discussion. I state possible causes that lead not only to different care for these users in the USA and the Czech Republic, but also my own knowledge and experience with the US healthcare system. From this knowledge, I draw conclusions or possibilities that can lead to change and improve care for these users.
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Relationship between methamphetamine use and outbreak of schizophrenic circuit disease
Jonáš, Michal ; Minařík, Jakub (advisor) ; Musílková, Eva (referee)
The issue of dual diagnoses has resonated across many fields for several decades. It has also been proved that the number of methamphetamine users grows dramatically, so does the number of patients hospitalized for "toxic psychosis" or other psychotic disorders. Schizophrenia and related diseases then form the third largest group of psychiatric patients in the Czech Republic. The aim of the research part was to analyze data of patients sample from Havlíčkův Brod Psychiatric Hospital (PNHB), with concurrent diagnoses F20-F25 and F15.x or F19.x and to describe associations between methamphetamine use and outbreak of schizophrenic mental illness. The research sample was obtained by combining method of selection according to criteria, method of intentional selection through institutions and method of total selection. Havlíčkův Brod Psychiatric Hospital provided anonymized data of 108 patients meeting the required criteria. The data were categorized within the content analysis of the medical documentation text, coded in a simple form and recorded in Excel spreadsheet. In the last phase, the data were analyzed by combining the first, the second and the third degree in contingency tables. The number of hospitalized men was more than double compered with women in the observed period. The average age using...
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Spectral analysis of thermal decomposition of drugs and cigarette smoke
Vodenková, Eva ; Ferus, Martin (advisor) ; Nejdl, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the spectral analysis of combustion and thermolytic products of selected addictive substances. Spectral analyzes of smoke of various tobacco products (cigarette, electronic cigarettes, hookah) were performed in order to qualitatively determine the composition of smoke and compare the harmfulness of individual types. The main objective was to determine whether the electronic cigarettes are less harmful to health in terms of the composition of the main products detectable by high-resolution spectroscopy occurring in gas-phase smoke. Furthermore, the work deals with a more detailed analysis of drug thermolysis in a wider temperature range and repeatability of measurements over a longer period of time. New spectral single crystal radiation sources from Crytur were also used to measure absorption spectra and their applicability in the field of overton spectra was tested. All these measurements were performed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). For tobacco products, less compounds were detected in electronic cigarettes and hookahs than in conventional cigarettes. In the case of drugs, we were able to confirm the repeatability of measurements and determine the percentage of individual substances at different temperatures. Furthermore, the applicability...
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