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Running in the context of developmental kinesiology
Růžek, Ondřej ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
Title: Running in the context of developmental kinesiology Objective: The objective of this diploma thesis was to describe the running gait in the context of human developmental ontogenesis. From information sources working with the topic of developmental kinesiology, a comprehensive text was prepared on the influence of establishing posture on the subsequent development of locomotion patterns of walking and running. Methods: The compilation method was used in this work. Relevant peer-reviewed articles were drawn upon to identify current information on running kinesiology for subsequent interdisciplinary comparison of approaches to the definition and description of the running stride cycle. Results: In the thesis, it was repeatedly emphasized that reaching the float phase in a running gait is a genetically conditioned in a person's life. The thesis that the central control of postural-locomotor function is already engaged in the first year of life thanks to genetically encoded programs. In parallel with how the musculoskeletal system strengthens during the first year of life with the aim of overcoming gravity and achieving bipedality, the strength of functional control at the level of the CNS. Key words: step cycle of running, running, locomotion, posture, kinesiology of running
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Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface
Král, David ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Hojka, Vladimír (referee)
Title: Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to compare the level of activation of selected muscles of the lower extremities and the relative timing of these activations. Realize measurements on three types of surface: tartan, grass, sand and find out the differences in activations of selected muscles according to the surface. Methods: In this thesis, we used the method of analysis and the method of comparison. We applied the analysis method in the analysis of the measured signals for the running step and the comparison method in the section comparing average running step cycles from different surface types. Results: We found out that running on the tartan, acitvates all the monitored muscles in more than 75% of the average cycles within 10% of the running step time period. For tartan, grass and sand, we researched that the order of activated muscles is different, although the starts of activation are not different in time from each other within one stride cycle. On the tartan, the activation of the tibialis anterior and peroneus longus muscles in both lower ewtermities is comparably same long as in the heads of the gastrocnemius. On the sandy surface, a double activation occurred in the...
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Benefits and risks of Parkrun
Pokorný, Matyáš ; Baláš, Jiří (advisor) ; Bačáková, Radka (referee)
Title of thesis: Benefits and risks of Parkrun The thesis dealt with the Parkrun project, which can be classified as outdoor activity. The aim of the thesis was to assess the health and social benefits and risks of Parkrun. This is a research paper, the main sources of information of which were the electronic database EBSCO and the official website of the Parkrun organization, together with electronic articles and reports about Parkrun. When assessing the health benefits and risks of Parkrun, the thesis reached the following conclusions: Parkrun brings physical health benefits in the form of general improvement and maintenance of physical fitness. In particular, it helps to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, reduce the risk of obesity, diabetes, and thus represents the prevention of the occurrence of civilization diseases. In addition, it can dampen the symptoms of asthma and help reduce the inflammation of the airways. Risks for physical health can be extreme manifestations of the weather - especially heat or cold. Another risk may be the load on the joints in the case of incorrect technique and the predominant hard surface. Parkrun also brings benefits in the field of psychological health in the sense of a general feeling of satisfaction, happiness, joy, self-confidence, as well as a...
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Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface
Král, David ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Hojka, Vladimír (referee)
Title: Comparative analyses of muscle activation lower extremities during running at different surface. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to compare the level of activation of selected muscles of the lower extremities and the relative timing of these activations. Realize measurements on three types of surface: tartan, grass, sand and find out the differences in activations of selected muscles according to the surface. Methods: In this thesis, I used the method of analysis and the method of comparison. I applied the analysis method in the analysis of the measured signals for the running step and the comparison method in the section comparing average running step cycles from different surface types. Results: I found out that running on the tartan, acitvates all the monitored muscles in more than 75% of the average cycles within 10% of the running step time period. For softer surfaces - grass and sand, my research did not support the hypothesis, that the softer the surface is, the greater are the differences in the activation of individual muscles versus tartan. Further I found out that on sandy and grassy surfaces, the average activation time of the muscles which are more involved in stabilizing the ankle and foot, i.e. tibialis anterior and peroneus longus, increases. On a sandy...
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Running in the context of developmental kinesiology
Růžek, Ondřej ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
Title: Running in the context of developmental kinesiology Objective: The objective of this diploma thesis was to describe the running gait in the context of human developmental ontogenesis. From information sources working with the topic of developmental kinesiology, a comprehensive text was prepared on the influence of establishing posture on the subsequent development of locomotion patterns of walking and running. Methods: The compilation method was used in this work. Relevant peer-reviewed articles were drawn upon to identify current information on running kinesiology for subsequent interdisciplinary comparison of approaches to the definition and description of the running stride cycle. Results: In the thesis, it was repeatedly emphasized that reaching the float phase in a running gait is a genetically conditioned in a person's life. The thesis that the central control of postural-locomotor function is already engaged in the first year of life thanks to genetically encoded programs. In parallel with how the musculoskeletal system strengthens during the first year of life with the aim of overcoming gravity and achieving bipedality, the strength of functional control at the level of the CNS. Key words: step cycle of running, running, locomotion, posture, kinesiology of running
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Medial tibial stress syndrome in runners and treatment of syndrome
Kučerová, Veronika ; Levínská, Kateřina (advisor) ; Pokorný, Jan (referee)
Bibliografický záznam KUČEROVÁ, Veronika. Medial tibial stress syndrome in runners and treatment of syndrome. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2023. Supervisor of work: Mgr. et. Bc. Kateřina Levínská. Abstract The topic of this bachelor thesis is medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) in runners and its treatment. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part with case studies and a questionnaire. In the theoretical part, the existing knowledge about MTSS is summarized. The practical part is divided into two sections. The first section presents the results of the questionnaire survey, verifying the correlation of the data from the literature review in the theoretical part with a real population sample. The second section contains the case reports of the patients themselves and the treatment proposal. The case report development involved a detailed initial examination, a follow-up therapy, and an exit examination. As part of the initial examination, an anamnesis was taken and a thorough kinesiological analysis was performed. The kinesiological analysis included an aspect examination, measurements of anthropometry, goniometry, navicular drop, weight distribution on the lower limbs, and special examinations such as the...
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Využití běžeckého wattmetru STRYD pro stanovení úrovně VO2max u vytrvalostních běžců
Bekr, Ondřej ; Kundera, Václav (referee) ; Pavelka, Jan (advisor)
Determining the limits of general endurance, critical power and maximal oxygen consumption is now a common part of the training process of professional athletes and their preparation to achieve the best possible sports results. Power is a very useful metric in cycling, but in recent years runners have also been trying to exploit its potential. Running power is only functional if it represents well the metabolic load of the organism. This thesis investigates the relationship between running power PO and oxygen consumption VO2, a representative of the metabolic load of the organism, in indoor and outdoor environments. Furthermore, thesis verifies the possibility of determining the VO2max level of runners using running power. The relationship between PO and VO2 is linear, for individual subjects the R2 is 0,95±0,07 in the indoor and 0,97±0,02 in the outdoor. For all subjects (TO) in the indoor the R2 takes the value of 0,67 and in the outdoor the value of 0,79. There was a difference of 1,2% (PO) and 3,7% (VO2max) between the values measured in the different environments. The model prediction from all TO in the indoor environment has an error of 3,5%.
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Reliability of the GPS system in measuring key parameters of external load in youth soccer players.
Fojtík, Kamil ; Bujnovský, David (advisor) ; Vampola, Jindřich (referee)
Title: Reliability of the GPS system in measuring key parameters of external load in youth soccer players Objectives: The main objective of this study was to investigate reliability of a GPS system in measuring key parameters of external load in youth soccer players Methods: The research group consisted of 15 youth football players aged 15 - 18. They were U16 and U19 players from elite youth teams playing the highest competitions in their category. Players undergone field trials under the supervision of qualified professionals, which were running under the standard conditions described within the methology section of the theses. To determine the reliability of the GPS system, we used the Catapult Playertek system, where the player wore 3 trackers and performer various speed test field, on the football pitch on artificial grass of the third generation. Results: The results of the work provide information that, in terms of statistical significance, eighteen of the nineteen parameters are significant. In terms of substantive significance, 3 parameters have poor reliability - maximal acceleration and distances in acceleration zones 1 - 2 m·s−2 and 2 - 3 m·s−2 . 7 parameters have moderate reliability - distances in deceleration zones 1 - 2 m·s−2 , 2 - 3 m·s−2 , 3 - 4 m·s−2 and > 4 m·s−2 , distances in...
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Performance of children in rural and urban schools in athletics
Křížková, Amálie ; Kašpar, Ladislav (advisor) ; Bunc, Václav (referee)
The theoretical part of this bachelor's thesis includes a critique of resources which were used. The history of athletics is summarized, the selected athletic disciplines (which are more analysed in the practical part), as well as movement skills (dexterity-coordination, strength, speed and endurance) are characterized. Older school age is defined including mental, motor and social features. This part also describes the sports equipment of primary schools. The research part focuses on selected urban and rural schools in Louny district. It analyses its basic equipment suitable for athletics. It also processes the measured data obtained in particular schools and offers descriptive statistics. The achievements of boys and girls are analysed and compared. The chosen research tool was the measurement of individual athletic disciplines: 60 m run, long jump, high jump and 1000 m run. The thesis also suggests how to use the obtained data in teaching practice.
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Possibilities of physiotherapy of muscular imbalances in recreational runners
HAVLOVÁ, Eliška
The thesis deals with an issue of muscle imbalances of recreational runners and possibility of influencing them by physiotherapy. The theoretical part describes muscle imbalances, their consequences and the most common types of muscle imbalances. There are mentioned muscle chains and their functional connections as well as the deep stabilization system (DSS). The thesis describes both the anatomy of the muscles that make up DSS and its physiological and pathological function. The thesis continues by describing running techniques, running equipment, footwear or running injuries, and there is a chapter on the relationship between functional muscle imbalances and running. There are presented suitable physiotherapeutic methods and procedures at the end of the theoretical part. The goals of the thesis include the description of the most common muscle imbalances of recreational runners and a compilation of suitable compensatory exercise units for recreational runners. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis is processed in the form of qualitative research, which consists of case studies. The research group consists of four recreational runners, two women and two men. These recreational runners run regularly. They run twice a week for one year at least. The research lasted 3 months. At the beginning of the research was provided an initial examination, including an anamnesis and kinesiological analysis. Therapy was based on the initial examination which included compensatory exercises and some manual treatments. Final kinesiological analysis and an overall evaluation of the therapy were performed after three months. During the final examination were recorded changes of the musculoskeletal system and postures of all probands. The results have shown better DSS activity, stabilization of key joints and it also affected some shortened muscle groups. The thesis includes examples of muscle imbalances of recreational runners and its physiotherapy. To the public as well as to professionals it can serve as a source of information about running and its connections with the musculoskeletal system.
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