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Analysis poverty in the Czech republic
Pražák, Jan ; Žáková Kroupová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Trnková, Gabriela (referee)
The aim of this work is the analysis of poverty in the Czech Republic. Based on structural genetic analysis was designed solutions for preventing poverty in the Czech Republic. Partial goals deal with explaining the reasons and causes of poverty and comparing poverty in the Czech Republic with poverty in selected European Union countries. Individual data were obtained from the Czech Statistical Office and Eurostat, other data were taken from the Labour Office of the Czech Republic, the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic, the exchange rate pages and media in the form of current information. Values are given in percent, euro and the Gini index. Selecting the EU countries was based on common characteristics of these states, and the neighboring states of the Czech Republic, countries with approximately the same population corresponding to the Czech Republic and the post-communist countries that are members of the European Union, excluding Germany, where the results are unmatched in other post-communist countries due to its unification. The results of structural genetic analysis showed that the Czech Republic is the least at risk of poverty and belongs between the countries with the highest employment rate and lowest unemployment rate, while the countries with the lowest income inequality in selected countries of the European Union. But the Czech Republic belongs between the countries with the lowest hourly and minimum wage after Romania and Bulgaria. The way to tackle poverty in the Czech Republic are enough suitable jobs in the labor market.
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Income poverty in the Czech Republic and social transfer system effectiveness in its elimination in years 2005-2013
Kubelková, Karina ; Kotýnková, Magdalena (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee) ; Průša, Ladislav (referee) ; Kalmus, Jaromír (referee)
The dissertation deals with the issue of poverty in the Czech Republic, especially with its economic, political and historical context of development, theory and practice of its measurement and possible international comparability, both in scale and in terms of the effectiveness of social transfers system. The effectiveness is understood as reducing the extent of poverty represented by the at-risk-of-poverty rate used e.g. in Europe 2020 Strategy. The aim of the dissertation is to analyze the problem of income poverty and its development in the Czech Republic with a special focus on the effectiveness of the social transfers system in relation to reducing the extent of income poverty. The effectiveness is analyzed separately in case of social transfers as a whole, and in case of social transfers excluding old-age and survivors' pensions. The emphasis has been placed on international comparisons and on the poorest layers of the population represented by the study of the lower poverty lines than the standard one. Based on empirical analysis of survey data from the EU-SILC, it was disproved that the effectiveness of the Czech social transfers system was above average compared to the countries of the same welfare state model, the CEE region and the EU during the years 2005-2013. The Czech pension system plays a crucial role in the level of effectiveness of the social transfers system. The good position of the Czech Republic among the all three studied groups of countries in terms of effectiveness is maintained mainly thanks to its pension system.The current low level of poverty rate was achieved mainly thanks to the pre-crisis measures, respectively due to the specific timing of these measures package. The contribution of this dissertation consists in complex and systematized view of the income poverty in the Czech Republic, accompanied by the analysis of the effectiveness of the social transfer system. This analysis, owing to the time series (2005-2013), applied methods (methods of the European Commission vs. IZA method) and scope of the international comparison (welfare state model, CEE region and EU), has no similarity in the Czech scientific literature so far.
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Effect of Act on assistance in material poverty and the beneficiary of assistance in material need to Dačice and Slavonice
NOVÁKOVÁ, Alena
The thesis is focused on the modification of the law of help in a material poverty, issued in January 2012. The research of the thesis is concerned with the effect of the modification on beneficiaries of the help in a material poverty. The theoretical part is focused on social benefits firstly according to law of social need and afterwards according to law of help in a material poverty. There are introduce basic concepts as material poverty, persons in a material poverty, persons considered together, incomes, subsistence level and existential minimum. Particular benefits are described in detail benefit for living, housing benefit, extraordinary immediate help. The practical part is focused on the most important modifications of the law. They are briefly described, analysed and on the particular example is explained what the modification meant for a client.
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The minimum wage in the Czech Republic and the European Union
Spěváková, Klára ; Pavelka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Macáková, Libuše (referee)
The aim of my work is to describe the position of minimum wage in the Czech Republic and to insight its relationship with the other income quantities. In the first part I concentrated on the terms of related with minimum wage and after that I dealer with the development of minimum wage and I analyze its relationship with other income quantities. The last part compares the level of minimum wage in the Czech Republic with the other member states of the European Union where the minimum wage is determined by the law.
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"The Impact of Legislative Changes on the State Social Support Benefits"
KLÍMOVÁ, Hana
The State Social Support (SSP) was founded in 1995. The most important legal regulation governing the State Social Support is the Act number 117/1995 Coll. on state social support. This Act has been fully efficient since 1 January 1996. The aim of SSP was mainly to provide support to families with children and to provide support in some other social situations. Social support allowances are one of the pillars of the social security system of the Czech Republic. They address various social situations, which families may face to. The allowances are provided based on various criteria and generally fall into some of the following categories: income related allowances x income non-related allowances or one-time allowances x repetitive allowances. The aim of this bachelor?s thesis is to map the most important legislation changes related to State Social Support Allowances between 2006 and 2010 and evaluate these changes from various aspects, such as allowance recipients, allowance rates or ratio of rejected applicants. Another aim is to describe problems concerning SSP allowance approval and validation and suggest changes to remedy those problems.
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State social support and the European Union
VRÁNKOVÁ, Veronika
Help and support to a family is dissimilar in different countries according to the predominant principles in their social policy. The aim of this work is to give a synopsis of the current financial allowances to families in several countries of the European Union and to outline the dissimilarities among them. The partial aim is to point at the inadequate solutions in the state social support system in the Czech Republic and to suggest some more suitable solutions. Diploma work was created by means of the method of the qualitative research with the use of the secondary data analysis. The main body comprises five EU member states chosen by the method of the casual selection, regarding to their family policy system (Great Britain, Sweden, Germany, Spain and Slovakia). Information was acquired from several foreign language sources, largely from web sites of the competent departments, and international sources (MISSOC, EURES). Acquiring actual information wasn't always easy because different sources provided dissimilar information. It has figured out that the most important benefit for families is the child allowance, which is paid out in all studied countries. The criteria for the calculation of its rate are different {--}the age of a child, the sequence of a child in a family, the income of a family (only in the Czech Republic), eventually health disability of a child. The next benefit provided is the parental allowance, which is paid out only in three surveyed countries (Germany, the Czech Republic and Slovakia), it is paid out in Sweden too, but from parental insurance. The payment of benefits in Germany depends on the monthly income of a family; however, in the Czech Republic and Slovakia a parent, that cares for a child, can support his family without a financial limit, but it is not easy to coordinate work and the care for the family in the Czech Republic, because only small percentage of women has the opportunity to get part-time jobs. In my opinion, we can find the inspiration how to relieve the national budget from costs on payment of parental allowance in Swedish social insurance system, which is financed by contributions from employers, employees and taxes.
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The impact of legislative changes to the system of social protection and unemployment in the Czech Republic since 2000
Štroblová, Hana ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Hylmarová, Tereza (referee)
In 2006, there were changes in the social security system through the adoption of Act No. 110/2006 Coll., about subsistence level and living wage, Act No. 111/2006 Coll., On assistance in material need and Act No. 435/2004 Coll. on employment. The aim of the newly adopted laws was greater motivation of unemployed persons to find employment as soon as possible and thus to reduce the number of long-term unemployed individuals. At the same time the advantage of individuals who actively solve their situation compared to those who are passive recipients of benefits. With the adoption of these laws was to strengthen the incentive function of the social system, the transition from passive to active solidarity, impaired access to social benefits and avoiding the misuse of social benefits.
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Crisis and shifting Households Menace below the poverty line
Chabrová, Olga ; Bartošová, Jitka (advisor) ; Bína, Vladislav (referee)
The work deals with the analysis of regional poverty population in the Czech Republic. This is essentially a retrospective analysis using data sampled from 2005 to 2010. The analysis describes and quantifies the structure of household income, both gross and net income and necessary expenses (expenditure) per household. Assesses the number of households living below the subsistence minimum and poverty rates of households in each region and by education of head of household
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Incidence of changes on a beneficiary deriving from the System of State Social Support within the context of stabilization of the public budgets
ZELENÁ, Dita
The theoretical portion of the work dealt with the state social support, its individual allowances and the current problems related to the situation in public funds. The first main objective of the work and its partial objectives identified opinions of beneficiaries and of the broader public regarding changes in the system of the state social support introduced by Act no. 261/2007 Coll. To test the hypotheses and to collect primary data the author used qualitative research {--} the interviewing method and the questionnaire technique. Three hypotheses were determined in the degree work. The performed research confirmed hypotheses 1 and 2, whereas it did not confirm hypothesis 3. The mapping of the experience gained by administrators of the state social support system in relation to changes arising from Act no. 261/2007 Coll. was the second main objective of the work. This objective was fulfilled by complementary qualitative research which identified the experience of administrators of the state social support system with the researched changes. The interviewing method, the technique of a free dialogue was used for this purpose. One hypothesis came out of this qualitative research. The work looks back at more than a year of effect of the Act on stabilization of public budgets and at the impact of changes which this Act introduced in the system of the state social support.
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