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Synthesis and evaluation of potential antimicrobial agents based on steroidal scaffold
Požárová, Pavla ; Krátký, Martin (advisor) ; Matouš, Petr (referee)
Antibiotic resistance represents a significant threat to humanity. To combat this trend, the development of new effective substances can be employed to potentially reverse its progression. Due to the broad range of biological activities exhibited by steroid structures, estrone was chosen as the starting material and was modified through various reactions. In total, fifteen new compounds were synthesized, which were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial activities, and additionally for cholinesterases inhibition. The modification of estrone primarily involved two different approaches, resulting in the formation of hydrazones and esters. Twelve compounds were prepared through these steps. For the remaining three derivatives, changes in the starting materials or procedures were necessary. In the case of four compounds, it was necessary to synthesize one of the reactants. The yields ranged from 62% to 95% for hydrazones and from 8% to 54% for esters. The antibacterial activity was tested against four selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Antifungal activity was evaluated against four yeasts and filamentous fungi. Antimycobacterial activity was tested against five mycobacterial strains. All these methods utilized the microdilution broth method. The tested...
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Neuroactive steroids in human physiology and pathophysiology
Kubátová, Jana ; Hill, Martin (advisor) ; Fanta, Michal (referee)
The present diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of steroid metabolome in body fluids in human pregnancy and parturition and also concentrates on the estimation of steroids in men with epilepsy (MWE) regarding the influence of epilepsy and its treatment with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The results obtained eventuate to the following conclusions: 1. They support the proposition about the key importance of corticoliberin for the timing of human parturition via stimulation of the steroidogenesis in the fetal zone of the fetal adrenal (FZ). Changes in steroid levels, however, much better predict the timing of parturition than the variation in corticoliberin. 2. The distribution of isoforms of placental oxidoreductases determines the excess of oxidized forms of the sex steroids and NAS in the fetus and the excess of their reduced forms in mother. This mechanism fundamentally affects the steroid bioactivity. The results indicate the role of NAS in pregnancy sustaining, their analgesic effect around parturition and their role in the pathophysiology of postpartum blues.
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