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Pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum period from the men´s point of view.
POCHOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of men's perspectives on pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part characterizes the period of pregnancy, describing the changes in a woman's body that occur during this time, as well as the diagnosis of pregnancy. It lists and characterizes the examinations carried out in prenatal counseling. It discusses the care of a midwife and the role of men during pregnancy. The work then focuses on the various stages of childbirth and the care of a midwife for the laboring woman and accompanying man during childbirth. It also describes the postpartum period and what happens to women during this time. Lastly, the concept of bonding is mentioned and clarified. For the practical part of the thesis, a qualitative research study was chosen. The aim was to find out how men perceive the period of pregnancy, childbirth, and postpartum in their partners. Based on this aim, three research questions were established. The first question focuses on how men perceive the period of pregnancy in their partner. The second question explores how men perceive the period of childbirth in their partner. The final question addresses how men perceive the postpartum period in their partner. For data collection in the practical part of the bachelor's thesis, a semi-structured interview was used. The research sample consisted of 10 men who have experience with their partner's pregnancy and attended the birth. These men were informed about maintaining anonymity. For this reason, they are referred to as M1 to M10. The men verbally expressed their agreement to participate in the interview and data processing. They did not agree to have an audio recording made during the interview. Therefore, the data obtained was literally transcribed into a computer and subsequently analyzed using the method of coding and text coloring. Four basic and pre-prepared questions were asked to the men. Additional questions were asked if needed for clarification of information. The interviews took place in the informants' homes or in a café. After processing and evaluating the obtained data, a total of 3 categories and 17 subcategories were created. The subcategories provide detailed descriptions of the results and information obtained from the research survey. From the research, it was found that men felt good during their partner's pregnancy. The most common changes they noticed in their partners during this time were mood swings, fatigue, increased food consumption, as well as nausea or weight gain. Men did not come into contact with a midwife during their partner's pregnancy, as they did not accompany their partner to prenatal appointments or attend childbirth classes together. Therefore, they primarily obtained information about pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period from the internet. Surprisingly, not every man evaluated the approach and care provided by midwives to the mother and himself positively during childbirth. Additionally, men perceived the postpartum period as unproblematic. The results of this bachelor thesis can be used to improve the awareness of men, for example in antenatal classes.
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Women's reflections of the body during pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood
Pecháčková, Veronika ; Wolfová, Alžběta (advisor) ; Országhová, Kristína (referee)
This bachelor's thesis examines ways in which first-time mothers reflect their corporeality during pregnancy, childbirth and early motherhood within one year of childbirth. Theoretical framework of the research is grounded in anthropology of the body from which it borrows key concepts: gender, body image, subjectivity and bodily capital. The thesis is based on the research that uses qualitative research strategy, the data was generated using a semi-structured interview method with 10 actors. The analytical procedure involved data transcription, segmentation, analysis and interpretation of the data in relation to the established theoretical concepts. From the analysis of the interviews, four themes emerged that play a key role in women's corporeality in the defined period. These are motherhood, femininity, physical capacities and partnership. Each of these themes has a different salience at different stages of the maternal experience and their prominence in corporeality generally overlaps. Within each theme, viewed as a level of subjectivity, women reflect social norms through body image, the experience of the body through embodiment, and the practice of body functioning through bodily capital. In particular, the dominant role in corporeality is given to the dimension of motherhood. The different...
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Physiotherapeutic procedures in the treatment of postpartum stress incontinence
MARELOVÁ, Alžběta
This bachelor thesis focuses on physiotherapeutic procedures in the treatment of postpartum stress incontinence. It is divided into theoretical and practical parts. One of the aims of my thesis is to describe the therapeutic approaches that can be used to treat postpartum stress incontinence. Then, in the theoretical part, I focus on describing the postural changes caused by pregnancy and the period during the postpartum period. The last aim is to describe the effect of the chosen therapy on the woman's posture and the impact on quality of her life. In the theoretical part, information on the current state of the problem is given, as well as the anatomy and physiology of the organs in the body. The following chapter deals with stress incontinence, specifically its classification, epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment. The next chapter deals with the changes on a woman's body during pregnancy, and last but not least, there is a chapter discussing pelvic floor problems and the possibilities of physiotherapeutic procedures to affect (not only) the pelvic floor muscles. The practical part describes the methodology of the work, the examination content and the results are noted in the form of case reports. In total, there are case reports of 2 probands, who were at different times after childbirth and suffered from different degrees of stress incontinence after childbirth. For 10 weeks the probands practiced the given exercises, a description of which can be found in one of the chapters. At the same time, their examples can be seen in the photographs in the booklet, which is included in the appendices. The work can be an inspiration for physiotherapists who work with the pelvic floor area or specifically with women after childbirth. It can also be useful to anyone dealing with a problem in the pelvic floor area. The booklet can be the first step in solving it, as it contains educational information as well as basic exercises for the pelvic floor muscles.
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Physiotherapy during and after giving birth spontaneous way
Piklová, Lenka ; Aujezdská, Eva (advisor) ; Novotná, Klára (referee)
BACHELOR'S THESIS ABSTRACT Author: Bc. Lenka Piklová Supervisor: Mgr. Eva Aujezdská Title: Physiotherapy during and after giving birth spontaneous way Bachelor's thesis abstract: This bachelor's thesis deals with problems of childbirth and postpartum period of women and deviations of the musculoskeletal system occurring in connection with spontaneous childbirth and puerperium most frequently. It also deals with the possibilities of physiotherapy, which can be used to alleviate, eliminate or prevent these abnormalities. The aim of the paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of information, to describe the effect of physiotherapy on a woman's recovery after spontaneous childbirth and to compile an information booklet with therapeutic exercises. The thesis is divided into two parts. In the theoretical part, there is a description of the course and mechanism of spontaneous labour, including the anatomical structures that are most burdened by this process. Physiotherapy options suitable for obstetric care are also presented. More space is dedicated to the postpartum period and it offers a list of physiological and the most common pathological changes, including thrombophlebitis, thromboembolism, birth injuries, pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, diastasis of the abdominal muscles, weakening of the integrated...
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Evaluation of satisfaction with maternal and child care in a perinatology centre - cultural differences
Machová, Petra ; Vaisová, Veronika (advisor) ; Němcová, Alžběta (referee)
The bachelor thesis focuses on the evaluation of the quality of care provided in a perinatology centre from the perspective of women after childbirth. The aim of this study is to find out how satisfaction with the care provided varies according to the culture of the woman. The thesis consists of theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part deals with the concept of perinatology centres, the quality and evaluation of the care provided, followed by the satisfaction of expectant mothers. Finally, the theoretical part includes a chapter on multicultural care, cultural minorities and multicultural communication. In my practical part I have processed the results of standardized questionnaires of the perinatology centre of the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the 1st Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague. The survey highlights the main indicators of satisfaction with the care provided and cross-cultural differences in the perception of the quality of care. Women of other nationalities were also included in the survey and were given questionnaires in their native language to highlight cross-cultural differences in satisfaction with the care provided. Key words: satisfaction, expectant mother, childbirth, care, perinatological centre, questionnaire, cultural differences
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Birth Positions, Formerly and Today
ROBAUSCHOVÁ, Magdaléna Anna
This bachelor thesis focuses on comparing the used birthing positions in the past and present. The thesis is divided into two main parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes the evolution of obstetrics and the development of birthing positions used from prehistoric times to the present day. The physiological process of childbirth is briefly described, including the stages of labor. The thesis also includes a description of the role of a midwife during childbirth. Some alternative methods in obstetrics are also mentioned. The thesis also provides a more detailed description of the individual positions that can be used during childbirth. Two main goals were defined for the practical part. The first goal was to find out which positions women are interested in during childbirth today. The second goal was to compare the difference in the choice of positions during childbirth today compared to positions used in the past. A quantitative research survey was used to achieve the set goals through a self-constructed questionnaire, which was distributed in paper form. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 21 questions, of which 15 were closed, 2 were open, and 4 were semi-closed. Data processing, along with graphical and tabular evaluation, was subsequently performed using Microsoft Excel. The research sample was one and consisted of women who had given birth at least once in their life, but not by caesarean section. The respondents were then divided into three categories to compare their answers in a defined time frame. The first category consisted of women who gave birth between 2018 and 2023. This group was represented by 62 women out of a total of 176 respondents. The second group included women who gave birth between 1994 and 2017, which included 49 women. The last category consisted of women who gave birth at least 30 years ago, in 1993 or earlier. This category included 65 women. Based on the defined goals, three hypotheses were then established. Only two groups of women were compared in the evaluation due to the wording of the hypotheses. The first group consisted of women who gave birth between 2023 and 2018, and the second group included women who gave birth in 1993 or earlier. H1: Women today have the opportunity to choose their own birthing positions compared to women who gave birth thirty years ago. H2: Women who gave birth thirty years ago did not have information about birthing positions in the first stage of labor compared to women giving birth today. H3: Women giving birth nowadays are more interested in using various positions during the second stage of labor than women who gave birth thirty years ago. Based on the results of the research survey, hypotheses H1 and H3 were confirmed, and hypothesis H2 was rejected.
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Childbirth with a Doula
VYČÍTALOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of childbirth with a doula. The thesis describes what the profession of a doula entails and what its history is. It also describes times in which a doula can accompany a woman. The physiology of pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum period is also described in the thesis. One objective of the thesis has been set. The objective was to find out how women perceive the care of a doula. Two hypotheses were set in the thesis. H1: A doula is more often chosen by nulliparae rather than multiparae for a collaboration during delivery. H2: Women use the services of a doula during labour rather than during the postpartum period. The objective was achieved through quantitative investigative research in the form of an online questionnaire of my own structure. The questionnaire used for data collection contained a total of 23 questions. 20 of these were mandatory, which ensured a high level of reliability and accuracy of the data. Out of the 23 questions, 15 were multiple choice closed-ended questions, which simplified data analysis and allowed a better comparison of answers. On top of that, there were 7 semi-closed questions which provided additional answer choices and allowed respondents to express their opinions and experiences. There was also one open-ended question that allowed respondents to share their thoughts and opinions about the questionnaire topic. The questionnaire that was used for data collection was divided into three sections, each one addressing a different topic. In the first part, the respondents were asked questions regarding their identifying data such as age, education, number of births and at what time did they decide for a doula. The second part of the questionnaire was devoted to doulas. Respondents could comment there on where they had sought out a doula and whether they knew who a doula was and who she could care for. The last part of the questionnaire was then focused on the care the respondents' doulas provided and what their experience of giving birth with a doula was like. This structure of the questionnaire allowed for systematic answer processing and better comparison of results. The research results show that women have the greatest need for psychological support during delivery just as much as during pregnancy and postpartum period. They also have a need to be informed about the issue. Most women choose a doula for an overall increase in their sense of safety. It is a satisfying result that 94,9 % of women found the care of a doula met their expectations. Which is why 93,2 % of women would use the care of a doula for their next delivery and 98,3 % of women said they would recommend the care of a doula to others. Based on the results obtained, we can conclude that women are satisfied with the care of a doula. The thesis and the results obtained can be used as a basis for presenting the investigative research in seminars for midwives.
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Childbirth in pre-hospital care
ZELINKOVÁ, Sára
This bachelor thesis deals with the topic of childbirth in pre-hospital care. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is dedicated to four main topics - individual periods of childbirth, evaluation of a newborn with APGAR score, selected complications during childbirth and its guidance. Under the umbrella term of childbirth in pre-hospital care belong making decisions about transport during imminent childbirth, guidance of the said condition in pre-hospital care and resuscitation of a newborn and a pregnant woman. Two goals were given for this bachelor thesis. The first goal was to find out how paramedics perceive the guidance of childbirth outside hospital facilities. The second goal was to research how paramedics are prepared for the guidance of the condition mentioned above. The empirical part of the bachelor thesis has been done by a qualitative research survey in the form of a semi-structured interview. The research file consisted of 12 paramedics from the South Bohemian Region and the Pilsen Region, who had already been present during a childbirth outside a hospital facility. The research was going on from January to March 2022 and the participation was completely voluntary. The acquired data was then analysed, coded and divided into categories and subcategories. In the research part two research questions were stated. The first question was supposed to find out how paramedics perceive the guidance of a childbirth in prehospital care. The research results showed that every questioned paramedic, except interviewed paramedics I5 and I6, is nervous when going to a prehospital childbirth. The nervosity is caused by the knowledge of possible complications. The second question was about the preparation of paramedics for childbirth guidance. The results of the research showed that there are big differences in the way, frequency and content of the medical training. Many paramedics would like to have a shorter interval between trainings and some would appreciate an opportunity to practice in the delivery rooms. From the research results it is clear that many paramedics do not agree with home deliveries because of many possible complications and risks. This bachelor thesis highlights the options of improvement of the education of paramedics and its realisation. The interviewed paramedics emphasised more frequent trainings of childbirth and participating in practices in delivery rooms. The results of this bachelor thesis could be presented in conferences and could be used to present the opinions of paramedics to their trainers and chief medical officers.
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The first treatment of a newborn after delivery in pre-hospital care
KOFROŇOVÁ, Erika
The bachelor's thesis discusses the treatment of a newborn after birth in pre-hospital care. In order to elaborate the bachelor's thesis, four objectives were defined. The first objective was to find out how paramedics prepare themselves for taking care of the newborn. The second objective was to record how they handle the situationS psychologically when it comes to the newborn care at fieldwork itself. Furthermore, the third objective ascertained the procedure of the newborn treatment by paramedics in pre-hospital care. Last but not least, the fourth objective was to explore the procedure of a premature newborn treatment. Four research questions were chosen for the research part of the thesis. The first research question dealt with how paramedics prepare themselves for taking care of newborns. The second research question carried out how stressful treating a newborn is for paramedics. The third research question examined the process of treating a newborn. The last research question discusses the treatment procedure in case of the premature newborn. This work highlights the importance of education and implementation of the defined procedure of the newborn treatment in pre-hospital care, as well as the implementation of the most essential interventions which leads to the correct adaptation of the newborn to the new environment. The bachelor's thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part is divided into five main chapters. The first chapter deals with the legal definition of the emergency medical treatment services, pre-hospital emergency care and the profession of a paramedic itself. The competences of a paramedic as well as further educational possibilities are discussed here. In the second chapter, the issue of the childbirth is introduced alongside the labour process itself, its classification, and particular stages. It is complemented by the process of the childbirth and the treatment of the newborn in a health facility as well. The third chapter deals with the childbirth in pre-hospital care. The fourth chapter discusses the various complications that can arise during the birth. The last one describes the care of the pathological newborn and the process of a resuscitation. In the second part of the thesis a qualitative research was applied. The research sample consisted of 8 paramedics who had encountered a newborn after the birth at least once.
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The role of a midwife in supporting woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium
ČEJKOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor thesis dealt with the topic of the role of midwives in supporting a woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. The thesis consists of two parts, namely the theoretical part and the research part. In the theoretical part there is information about pregnancy, childbirth, puerperium and related issues. Education, involvement of the woman's partner and his cooperation with the midwife are issues that this bachelor thesis deals with. In the research part of the bachelor thesis, a quantitative method was used for data collection. The data was collected using a questionnaire consisting of 48 questions, of which 25 were closed, 9 semi-closed and 14 open questions. In the introduction, there were sorting questions. Next, the questions were divided into three basic areas: pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. The questionnaire was directed for men whose wife already gave birth. The questionnaire was distributed online, via the social network Facebook and via a direct link and sent to men of an unlimited age category whose wife already gave birth. A total of 120 men participated in the research. The questionnaire was processed using Microsoft Excel. Answers were processed using graphic representation accompanied by a verbal description. In this work, we set 1 goal: To find out what is the role of the midwife in supporting the woman's partner during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. For the research part, 3 hypotheses were established. The first was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife during pregnancy in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the period of pregnancy. Here, a dependence was not found between the partner's awareness of the course of pregnancy in a woman and a more positive perception of this period. The second hypothesis was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife during the period of childbirth in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the period of childbirth. Hypothesis number two has been confirmed. The third hypothesis was to find out whether a partner who is educated by a midwife in the postpartum period in a woman perceives this period more positively than a partner who is not educated about the postpartum period. Hypothesis number three has also been confirmed.
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