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Deep learning-based noise reduction in X-ray images
Říhová, Barbora ; Jakubíček, Roman (referee) ; Zemek, Marek (advisor)
Technologie zobrazování pomocí rentgenových paprsků je základem zkoumání vnitřní struktury velké škály objektů a výsledky mohou být právě kvůli šumu kompromitovány. Tato práce se zabývá odstraňováním šumu v rentgenových projekcích pomocí hlubokého učení, které má schopnost adaptovat se na konkrétní problém. Práce obsahuje teoretickou rešerši zaměřenou na oblasti produkce a detekce rentgenových paprsků, šumu v rentgenových snímcích a neuronových sítí. Speciální kapitola je věnována popisu vybraného řešení, které je provedeno pomocí tvorby datasetu složeného z části z modelovaných rentgenových projekcí s následně implementovaným šumem odpovídající modelu v reálných snímcích a částečně ze sérií rentgenových projekcí získaných ze zařízení Rigaku nano3DX. K implementaci byla vybrána architektura konvoluční neuronové sítě RIDNet, vzhledem k tomu, že poskytuje v oblasti redukce šumu dobré výsledky. Byly natrénovány tři modely s použitím různých částí datasetu. Nejlepší výkon byl pozorován u modelů, u kterých byla při trénování použita reálná data. Jejich účinnost je srovnatelná s tradičními metodami jako BM3D.
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Kinematic analysis of gait in patients with hip osteoarthrosis
Říhová, Barbora ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Author: Barbora Říhová Title: Kinematic Analysis of Gait in Patients with Hip Osteoarthrosis Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to analyse the gait patterns in probands with Stage III osteoarthritis of the hip joint, to compare these patterns with published norms and to confirm a set of pre-established hypotheses. Method: The thesis was designed as a case study, the purpose of which was to observe changes in the pelvis and trunk extension during gait, associated with significant degenerative changes in the hip joint. A total of 9 probands with Stage III osteoarthritis of the hip joint (6 females, 3 males) took part in the study. A complete physiotherapy assessment was carried out as part of the study. The temporal gait parameters were used to measure the probands' walking speed and relative stance phase duration. The following variables were measured in the frontal plane: lateral displacement of the pelvis and trunk toward the stance limb (cm) and pelvic obliquity toward the swing limb (degrees). A 3D motion analysis and evaluation of kinematic parameters were carried out using the Qualisys motion capture system device consisting of 6 infrared cameras. Gait was measured at different walking speeds during a 10-second time frame and the data was subsequently subtracted from a minimum of 5 gait...
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Transformation of potato with protease inhibitor gene SPI-2
Říhová, Barbora ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vítámvás, Pavel (referee)
The subject of my thesis was to genetically modify a potato for increased resistance against its pathogens and pests. In developing a resistant plant, it is quite common to use the same type of molecules that plants use themselves in their defense reactions. In this work I used the gene SPI-2 originating from a honeycomb moth (Galleria mellonella). The protein SPI-2 is a member of serine protease inhibitors. Since the previous attempts of the team to detect the protein in transformed plants haven't been successful, the basic form of the gene was modified by adding a Kozak sequence near the start codon, which should have increased the translation initiation and hence increase the level of the protein. Two constructs were prepared for the transformation: SPI-2-T a SPI-2-Y. They differ by one amino acid, which slightly changes their inhibitory activity. First, the construct SPI-2-T was used for a transient transformation of tobacco Nicotiana benthamiana by agroinfiltration of its leaves. Then both constructs were used for a stable transformation of Solanum tuberosum cv. Desireé. The detection of the protein has not been successful, although the inserted gene was transcribed and his sequence was verified by sequencing. It is therefore most likely that the protein has a low stability in the cytoplasm....
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Genetically modified plants in practical applications
Říhová, Barbora ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Cvrčková, Fatima (referee)
Genetic engineering (GI) of plants is a very current topic, and more and more controversial, since it is becoming an inseparable part of our lives. GI has, among other things, a great potential to help solve the current problem of hunger and malnutrition in certain parts of the world. The goal of this project is to clarify what genetically modified (GM) plants are, to present the possibilities of their practical use, to explain methods of preparation and to consider their advantages and eventual risks. By GM plant we understand a plant whose genetic information has been changed by introducing or removing part of the genetic information (a section of DNA, generally a gene). The most frequently used methods of transformation are the transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the balistic method. GM plants can be used for production of food or feed in better quality and greater quantity, thanks to an introduction of higher resistance, whether it is to biotic stress (pest, virus or bacterial resistance) or to abiotic stress (drought, salinity, toxic substance in the ground..). In particular, the resistance to abiotic stress is an important issue these days, since through the climate changes some regions suffer more and more from insufficient precipitation and consequent drought. Some of the GM plants grown...
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Kinematic analysis of gait in patients with hip osteoarthrosis
Říhová, Barbora ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Author: Barbora Říhová Title: Kinematic Analysis of Gait in Patients with Hip Osteoarthrosis Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to analyse the gait patterns in probands with Stage III osteoarthritis of the hip joint, to compare these patterns with published norms and to confirm a set of pre-established hypotheses. Method: The thesis was designed as a case study, the purpose of which was to observe changes in the pelvis and trunk extension during gait, associated with significant degenerative changes in the hip joint. A total of 9 probands with Stage III osteoarthritis of the hip joint (6 females, 3 males) took part in the study. A complete physiotherapy assessment was carried out as part of the study. The temporal gait parameters were used to measure the probands' walking speed and relative stance phase duration. The following variables were measured in the frontal plane: lateral displacement of the pelvis and trunk toward the stance limb (cm) and pelvic obliquity toward the swing limb (degrees). A 3D motion analysis and evaluation of kinematic parameters were carried out using the Qualisys motion capture system device consisting of 6 infrared cameras. Gait was measured at different walking speeds during a 10-second time frame and the data was subsequently subtracted from a minimum of 5 gait...
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Financial Education and its Position in School Education
Říhová, Barbora ; Tichá, Milena (advisor) ; Jirásková, Věra (referee)
This Master's thesis deals with financial education and its place in school education. The thesis is separated into four main parts. The first chapter defines the concept of financial literacy, historical evolution of financial education in pedagogical reflection and factors affecting individuals in the process of financial education. The second chapter deals with the place of financial education in school education, which is an analysis of selected education policy documents of the Czech Republic and the activities of the actors involved in the development of financial literacy of the population of the Czech Republic. The theme of the third chapter is defining areas of financial education in school education in the private sector. The fourth chapter discusses the role of the teacher in the process of financial education and presents some recommendations.
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Transformation of potato with protease inhibitor gene SPI-2
Říhová, Barbora ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Vítámvás, Pavel (referee)
The subject of my thesis was to genetically modify a potato for increased resistance against its pathogens and pests. In developing a resistant plant, it is quite common to use the same type of molecules that plants use themselves in their defense reactions. In this work I used the gene SPI-2 originating from a honeycomb moth (Galleria mellonella). The protein SPI-2 is a member of serine protease inhibitors. Since the previous attempts of the team to detect the protein in transformed plants haven't been successful, the basic form of the gene was modified by adding a Kozak sequence near the start codon, which should have increased the translation initiation and hence increase the level of the protein. Two constructs were prepared for the transformation: SPI-2-T a SPI-2-Y. They differ by one amino acid, which slightly changes their inhibitory activity. First, the construct SPI-2-T was used for a transient transformation of tobacco Nicotiana benthamiana by agroinfiltration of its leaves. Then both constructs were used for a stable transformation of Solanum tuberosum cv. Desireé. The detection of the protein has not been successful, although the inserted gene was transcribed and his sequence was verified by sequencing. It is therefore most likely that the protein has a low stability in the cytoplasm....
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Genetically modified plants in practical applications
Říhová, Barbora ; Fischer, Lukáš (advisor) ; Cvrčková, Fatima (referee)
Genetic engineering (GI) of plants is a very current topic, and more and more controversial, since it is becoming an inseparable part of our lives. GI has, among other things, a great potential to help solve the current problem of hunger and malnutrition in certain parts of the world. The goal of this project is to clarify what genetically modified (GM) plants are, to present the possibilities of their practical use, to explain methods of preparation and to consider their advantages and eventual risks. By GM plant we understand a plant whose genetic information has been changed by introducing or removing part of the genetic information (a section of DNA, generally a gene). The most frequently used methods of transformation are the transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens and the balistic method. GM plants can be used for production of food or feed in better quality and greater quantity, thanks to an introduction of higher resistance, whether it is to biotic stress (pest, virus or bacterial resistance) or to abiotic stress (drought, salinity, toxic substance in the ground..). In particular, the resistance to abiotic stress is an important issue these days, since through the climate changes some regions suffer more and more from insufficient precipitation and consequent drought. Some of the GM plants grown...
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