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Athanasius Kircher (1602-1680) and his Influence on the Natural Philosophy in the Czech Lands
Lelková, Iva ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Hermann, Tomáš (referee) ; Janko, Jan (referee)
Resumé: The dissertation deals with various layers of influence that Athanasius Kircher and his work had on the development of natural philosophy in the Czech lands around the half of the seventeenth century. It is possible to observe one such layer of this influence in his correspondence with the Czech lands, which often had patronage seeking character but was also a source of natural philosophic knowledge, observations and interests. Besides the correspondence influence, a diachronic influence and changing evaluation of Athnasius Kircher's work in the course of time is explored in one chapter. Another chapter introduces his own autobiography, which provides evidence of Kircher's conscious effort to shape the opinion of his person and his work to be made by his contemporaries and next generation of scholars. The last layer of influence being in focus of this work regards the influence of ideas based on an analogy between the movement of sea waters and movement of fluids in human body. Kircher's ideas on geocosmos expressed in his Mundus subterraneus (1664-1665) and Iter extaticum II (1657) are compared with the work of his correspondent, physician from Wroclaw and editor of the first medicine journal, Philipp Jacob Sachs von Löwenheim's Oceanus macro-microcosmicus (1664). Sachs reflects William Harvey's...
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The concept of autonomy: conditions of modern subjectivity and historicity
Janoščík, Václav ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Činátl, Kamil (referee)
Předkládaná práce se snaží o artikulaci pojmu autonomie v jeho komplexnosti rámci. V první části jsou tematizovány jednotlivé kontexty tohoto pojmu, ve snaze prohlédnout jeho strukturu. Následně práce sleduje jeho vlastní historii. V poslední části pak hodláme výslednou koncepci aplikovat na dvě vybraná historiografická díla. Tímto postupem se snažíme zejména důsledně proniknout do bohaté interdisciplinární literatury, formulovat a hájit původní teze týkající se struktury i genealogie tohoto pojmu a prokázat tak nejen jeho historickou relevanci, ale také konceptuální užitečnost v rámci metodologie historické vědy.
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The Testamentary Practice in Jihlava in the Years 1578 - 1624 (Wills as Sources for the History of Family Structures, Historical Demography and Sociotopography)
Jirková, Pavla ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The subject of the research - the Early Modern burgher will - is viewed in the thesis from the standpoint of family structures, historical demography and sociotopography. The sample of 968 Jihlava wills from the period 1578-1624 were subjected to statistical analysis. Moreover, from a methodological perspective the nature of this research is similar to micro-historical and prosopographical approaches. The aforementioned theme was compared to conclusions of the literature concerning historical demography and family structures (especially English) as well as foreign sociological and anthropological studies. The results of this research were evaluated from the point of view of the annual number of wills as possible indicators of the chief trends in mortality, and possible connections were traced between the number of children named in the testaments and the inheritance system. Given the numerous marriage contracts concluded by testators, the study also looked into the "marriage market" and the duration of marriages. Other questions discussed in the thesis include, for example, family and household positions, disabled people, gender studies and intergenerational property transfer. Finally, in terms of the sociotopographical study, the houses of sorted testators were located within the framework...
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Microregion Kamenice-Velké Popovice - an example of cultural landscape development in the modern period
Korbelíková, Daniela ; Matoušek, Václav (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee)
This thesis is a part of the Faculty of Humanities project which investigates the development of the countryside in Bohemia during the age of industrialization. It focuses on the micro- region Kamenice-Velké Popovice. In the 19th century the Ringhoffer family established here the so-called United Dominion Kamenice-Štiřín. Following their commercial, cultural, representative and recreational activities, they gently and with consideration transformed the countryside step by step. The thesis is based on archival research, field research of the landscape traces of the Ringhoffers' activities in both XIX and XX centuries and on the study of literature and maps. Keywords Ringhoffer, land-use, landscape, dominion, land, business
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