|
| |
|
|
People, power and architectural ideologies
Kristek, Jan ; Vaishar, Antonín (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
This thesis aims to classify contemporary way of thought in the architecture and urbanism mainly in respect to the formation of public space. Generally, it seeks to identify ideological background of individual ways of thoughts and their genealogy – therefore it explores their historical roots too. The methodological framework of the thesis is grounded in the critical theory and production of (public) space as well as architectural production is therefore understood as a political act; not necessarily in terms of the established political parties or ideologies but rather in the sense of production of the city space as a social arena, in which completion of various agents, interests and notions is present including the architectural discourses. The resulting form of the public space is than a result of this competition and unavoidable ideological antagonism, which is present in the ideological basis of the individual way of thoughts in architecture and urbanism.
|
|
|
Principles of formation of urban greenery as a part of urban interior
Hrubanová, Denisa ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Prof.Ing.Ivar Otruba,CSc. (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
Urban interior environment mostly serves as a place for various meetings and social events. Thus, these spaces come alive thanks to people, who give them reason and meaning. However, the question is what role urban interior has in the present day, which, at the beginning of the new millennium, is characterized by a high degree of individualism. Within the deurbanization tendencies, buildings and adjoining areas in central parts of cities are often abandoned and the activities move to the periphery. If we want to return the social function to the urban interior, as a place of pleasant encounters and relationships, we need to approach its formation with respect to current trends in the development of human society. From the perspective of sustainable development, it is also necessary not to extend the boundaries of urbanized area to adjacent landscape, while abandoning the central locations in cities, but to maintain their intensive character. From this point of view, it is necessary to realize, that it is the greenery that gives the city an opportunity to perceive public spaces as an integral part of urban life and not just as places that people walk through having no reason to stay longer than necessary. Application of greenery in urban interior provides many positive features to the city. Greenery is an added value that can also operate independently as a functional unit that links the other functions of the urban organism. Both in its solitary form and in line or area applications. Along with water elements, urban furniture, various hard surfaces and landscaping, greenery creates a pleasant and interesting living environment in the city that can be desirable and sought-after again.
|
|
|
Greenery of public spaces in new residential areas (residential areas on the outskirts of the cities)
Horká, Julie ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Otruba, Ivan (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
In the current post-industrial society, with increasing requirement of sustainability, greenery significantly participates in the spatial, operational and functional organization of the urban environment. The first part of the thesis introduces relationship between formation and structure of greenery in an urban environment from the historical point of view. Elements of greenery in an urban environment and on its margins filled a variety of functions: from productional and aesthetical to the recreational and ecological. Green areas have also gradually become an important public space. In the current urban environment, areas of vegetation arise mainly in the form of recultivation of post-industrial areas, adjusted smaller parks, greenery of business and entertainment centers, or greenery of residential units. The thesis is focusing on the last mentioned type, which should be in the closest coexistence with residential environment and on the possibilities of creating eco-residential units, which can become a substitute /or at least one of the possible options/ to mono-functional residential zones emerging on the outskirts of our cities and in the open countryside and act against the ongoing suburbanization and its negative effects. The text of doctoral thesis is trying to find qualitative aspects of greenery which supports the creation of living, attractive and sustainable public spaces. Comparison and evaluation of selected examples from abroad /Austria, Germany, Holland/ and also from the Czech Republic brings us the definition of the necessary and optimum qualitative properties of greenery in public, but also semi-public spaces of residential complexes. These examples of good practice may be used - as a whole or in parts – as inspiration for the development of residential projects in the Czech Republic, either in preferred brownfields areas or in carefully selected areas of new development. The final chapter emphasizes the inseparability of the creation of public spaces and greenery in residential areas from the sustainable development of the area in terms of a penetrable and compact city.
|
|
| |
|
|
Organic architecture and contemporary residential living
Čábelková Nahorniaková, Marcela ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Budkeová, Branislava (referee) ; Glosová, Dagmar (referee) ; Menšíková, Naděžda (advisor)
Organic architecture is often used term especially in connection with the daring and experimental form. The exact definition or division is still missing. The founder of modern organic architecture is to be generally considered as Frank Loyd Wright. He was the man who created organic architecture and also made first definition in the early twentieth century, when formulating new architectural styles. Dissertation deals with insufficiently described problem of organic architecture. The main focus is on contemporary production of residential organic architecture in Central Europe. Especially on the particular realizations in Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, Austria, Germany and Poland. Beside detail description of European realizations, the dissertation deals also with foundations of organic architecture in U.S.A. and important realizations here. Modern organic architecture primarily originated in the United States of America. The work presents most important contemporary realizations and architects creating resident living organic architecture in other countries around the world in order to complete the overview. The objective of dissertation was describing newest trends in designing buildings for living. Find position of organic architecture and give reasons for it´s increasing popularity, spread and necessity for new development in architecture according to the new trends. Organic architecture is an alternative way of contemporary residential living. It´s popularity is growing in last years in response to the development of modern technologies and materials, the need to protect our natural resources and also to the increasing negatives of globalization and to denial of local traditions and regional specificities. Aspects of organic forms were divided into three main groups according to their main characteristics: form, harmony and sustainable development. Another objective was find location of contemporary organic residential architecture in Czech Republic and abroad. It is rather spread all over the world than concentrated on certain places. Therefore I selected countries that are richer than the others on the occurrence of organic buildings. The objective was also to address architects, specialists, public and especially university teachers of architecture and students themselves. Communication with them was mainly connected with grant project in 2010. The theme of grant project was contemporary organic architecture in residential living. There were lectures about contemporary organic architecture and exhibition on the theme: Contemporary living organic architecture. The publication of the catalog was published under the title: Contemporary organic houses - Europe. I had the opportunity to visit a number of organic family houses abroad. Specifically houses in Slovakia, Hungary and Germany. Results of survey, which was realized by questions to owners and authors of chosen buildings, are included in dissertation. The mail results of dissertation are - make a detail review of organic architecture in residential living - define trends in contemporary organic architecture and residential living - obtain and process answers from owners and authors of chosen buildings within survey - analysis of organic house ( houses) in city planning and landscape - publication of catalogue focused on organic contemporary European houses - article about contemporary organic architecture and residential living will be published in 2012 on archiweb page
|
|
|
Development of problems in contemporary cities in South America * City of La Paz
Valdez Jarandilla, Fernando Hugo ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Zezůlková, Marie (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
Předkládaná dizertační práce je rozdělena do dvou samostatných literárních celků, z nichž první představuje komparativní analýzu měst Latinské Ameriky a druhý se koncentruje na úspěšný případ plánování rozvoje města Curitiba. S ohledem na lepší pochopení problémů, se kterými se města Latinské Ameriky potýkají, a zejména porozumění specifikům města La Paz, které je hlavním předmětem této analýzy, je nutné na problematiku nahlížet v historickém kontextu současného urbanismu. Zde nalezneme některé odpovědi na otázky původu problémů městského plánování. Nahlížení v rámci historického kontextu také poskytne základní směrnice vývoje měst Latinské Ameriky. Z výše uvedených důvodů je pro potřeby dizertační práce klíčové zkoumat tyto aspekty historie urbanismu, neboť zde nalezneme původ současné podoby latinskoamerických měst a jejich městského plánování. V další části práce je kladen důraz na analýzu případu brazilského města Curitiba, na kterém lze úspěšně zkoumat případné uplatnění principů strategického plánování zaměřeného na udržitelnost města. Curitiba se, stejně jako další latinskoamerická města, potýkala od poloviny do konce 20. století s překotným růstem, dopravními zácpami a snižováním kvality života. Městu se nicméně podařilo tyto výzvy překonat kreativními řešeními v kontextu udržitelného rozvoje. Cílem předkládané práce je definovat principy řešení na základě úspěšné urbanistické zkušenosti města Curitiba a aplikovat je na další města Latinské Ameriky, konkrétně na La Paz. Abychom mohli v rámci práce prezentovat návrhy řešení reálným problémům, se kterými se v současnosti La Paz potýká, je potřeba nejprve důkladně porozumět procesům urbanismu, které z historického hlediska toto město utvářely a transformovaly, a následně předložit analýzu, zda myšlenky a zkušenosti případu města Curitiba lze úspěšně aplikovat na město La Paz.
|
|
|
Architecture of organic farms in Czech republic
Pohanková, Lucie ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Dýr, Petr (referee) ; Doc.Ing.arch.Jarmila Húsenicová,Ph.D. (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (advisor)
New agricultural constructions in Czech Republic happen, in better case, privilege of civil engineer, in the worse case only privilege of the investor, in the past. While architects or enlightenment project architects with inventive and feeling for architecture, rarely interfered to their projection. In the practice, the preferred and implemented misconception, that it is a purely purpose-built buildings with economical advantageous solution type, when external design of the building and his effect in landscape plays just a minor role, meant a huge mistake, which disfeature face of a lot of villages. With the gradual development of organic and sustainable agriculture is obvious, that to the design of these buildings gets back the idea of invention and emotion of construction into the landscape. Essence of a dissertation is how to proceed with the draft of a new or completion of original organic farm in conditions of the Czech Republic and on which specific points to focus in the design. Objective of thesis is generalization of rules design new modern organic farm or new buildings on the existing organic farm, using the principles of organic architecture and architecture undemanding of energy, renewable source of energy and non-waste management and verification on the specific examples in the Czech Republic and neighboring Europa countries. Where else should apply the principles of organic architecture more than in the construction of organic farms. Moreover, organic farm offers a great number of functions and with related different operations with requirements for specific areas. This is an added bonus, diversity of construction and the possibility of building creativity in architectural solutions. It is then mainly limited functionality of the building, legislative, public health, fire and traffic regulations, with which any proposal must cope. Organic farms are a phenomenon, but also the future of sustainable agriculture in the Czech Republic, as well. Not only production side of organic farms, but also neglected building stock deserves the attention of experts. Only organic farm with the right comprehensive created building and energy concept on an ecological principle is becoming a well-functioning self-contained unit connected with the cycle of nature, the surrounding landscape and regional tradition.
|
|
|
Pedestrian movement in the city structure
Dokoupilová Pazderková, Kateřina ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Sklenář, Vavřín (referee) ; Ing.arch.Jaroslav Tušer,CSc. (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The city was from the past the place where people were meeting together, living and creating together. Therefore the role of individuals – city inhabitants should growth in today´s anonymus times. The role of pedestrian as individual enabling direct contact face to face, individual communicating with surroundings, is becoming essential part of „vivid“ city. In order the city to be functional, it is necessary to concentrate human beings and events, only then the city is becoming city of people, city of place, city of moment. The difinition of city sustainability and viability should be measured by city capability to provide quality life conditions to its inhabitants. It includes mainly high quality of natural and artificial environments, good life and working conditions, people rights for housing, working, social service and infrastructure. It should also protect cultural identity of the city and allow the possibility to participace in the city decision-making. Line traffic influences in a large scale accruing Urban Sprawl, forms large transport distances and increases the transport necessity mostly by private cars. It is important to make efficient planning with the politics of innovating traffic systems, which will be able to reduce the transport needs. For the city sustainability we can claim that the pedestrian transport has the contribution in restricting the suburbanization, in recuding the portion of motor vehicles and in restricting the risks of spatial segregation. It is necessary to create cities where people can get around and meet, where different forms and functions are mixed together in that way, that there will be no abandon city centres and no monofunctional zones. It is importnat to rely on principle that the streets are a social space. No only a traffic space, but also a social space. To design quality system of connected, function and safe pedestrian roads between residential buildings and local destinations, so the buildings can offer views to the streets which increases not only the safety, but especially connects course of events of these two worlds. To forms vivid, vibrant city, where the pedestrian movement is the interlinking element in between constantly developing town and preserving the life inside the town, is an immense challenge to all of us.
|
|
|
The parallel between the concept of work in architecture and music
Lukačovič, Markéta ; Petelen, Ivan (referee) ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Koleček, Ivan (referee) ; Drápal, Jaroslav (advisor)
The doctoral thesis preliminary focuses on the comparison of concepts of creation in music and architecture and to explore the connection and possible blending of both arts. The main focus of the dissertation is the research of the parallel between the composition of music and architecture, in their characters, means of composition and methods. The methods of approaching the topic were the analysis's of music and architectural materials such as dedicated books, magazines, internet articles, as well as audio recordings, realisations of architectonic works, printed materials on acoustics, psychology of perception and aesthetics as well as own experience and knowledge in the field of music and architecture and the experiment in composition. Results of the dissertation are theoretical conclusions enlightening the given topic and the practical experiment in the form of the analysis of the music composition and the application of its compositional methods into the architectonic design.
|
guest ::
