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Proposals to amend the electoral and political system in contemporary Czech public debate
Ptáčková, Daniela ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis "Proposals to amend the electoral and political system in contemporary Czech public debate" examines proposals presented by different types of entities who are trying to rectify the Czech policy. The current political scene is struggling with problems such as corruption, bribery and government instability. Such a situation leads to dissatisfaction with politicians and it may ultimately lead to their alienation. The starting point is to reform the policy and restore the confidence of citizens and their interest in public affairs. The aim of this paper is to describe what proposals dominate the current debate on the amendment of the Czech electoral system and in many cases can lead to a change of the political system. The thesis is divided into four thematic sections. The first, theoretical part briefly introduces the concept of democracy, individual elements of direct democracy and the typology of political systems. In addition, there are information about the Czech constitutional order and the development of the electoral system in the Czech Republic. Other three chapters deal with those proposals, which are divided according to the type of the entity that proposed them. This is a set of proposals by entities established by power and relevant political parties; smaller political...
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Traditional Values and Czech Party System
Vaněk, Přemysl ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mlejnek, Josef (referee)
Social conservative values are not a frequently voiced topic among Czech politics, but still, there are few parliamentary parties that claim to be conservative. Conservative thinking is very often interchanged with right-wing affiliation, which can lead to ambiguous identification of political subjects. The thesis concentrates on Social conservatism that is placed outside right wing-left wing definition of political parties and tries to analyse its specifics and roots. Social conservatism promotes ethical issues connected with Christian morals. This study analyses these issues and attempts to evaluate their relevance within the Czech society and party system. From the analysis of Social conservative values and individual conservative parties and movements it is clear that Social conservatism does not belong among essential topics for Czech society and politics, even though this way of thinking is still present. The main representative of Social conservatism is parliamentary party KDU- ČSL, which, nevertheless, given to the degree of liberalisation in the Czech society, still enforces the Social conservative values with great care. There are also radical, religiously fundamental voices present, these are, however, not given much space. Declared Social conservatism of some Czech political parties thus more...
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Direct election of the Czech president: approaching to Semipresidentialism?
Šodek, Adam ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
Diploma thesis seeks to analyze the introduction of the direct election of the President of the Czech Republic as a potential impulse towards semipresidentialism. For this purpose, the work defined theoretical concepts parliamentary, presidential and semi-presidential forms of government. In addition to the anticipated research direct election, as an factor of strengthening the president's legitimacy among others, the work will include analysis of the effects of Miloš Zeman first year in office and its relation to other constitutional institutions. These assessments are important for overal outputs of this work because they can be a pointer to the objectives of the work. The work will also be mentioned tradition of Czech (Czechoslovak) presidency.
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The birth and the setting up of the communist regime in the Czechoslovakia and Poland: the explicit binary comparison
Fiala, Ludvík ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Perottino, Michel (referee)
This diploma thesis is focused on matters of communist regime and it's differences between two middle - European countries: Czechoslovakia and Poland. The first theoretical part approaches assumptions of birth and the beggining of communist ideology in the Word, presents main ideas and personalities whitch communism risen of and was developed. The second and the third part enlarge about the way of establishment communist regime and it's practical behaviour in Czecholsovakia and Poland. Finally last part within the frame of binary comparison of mentioned countries goes about common and different attributes which defined birthing and lately establishing communist regimes in named states. This main part is highly focused on the way of birth of communist regimes, on the differencies between their behaviour and on the answering of research questions.
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Formation of party system in new democracy: The case study of Spain
Pour, Jiří ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the formation of Spanish party system from the democratic transition and first free elections in 1977 until now. It follows two mutually interconnected lines - the development and relations of parties on the national level, i.e. the whole party system, and the internal development, structure and functioning of the parties themselves as elements of the party system. The thesis starts with chapter The Franco Regime, which serves as a historical introduction to the issue and calls attention to important events that preceded the Spanish transition to democracy. The second chapter, The Transition to Democracy, slowly abandons the historical perspective and presents an analysis of the first democratic elections and the first democratically governing party - Unión de Centro Democrático. These two chapters are followed by the third chapter The Party System which is the real core of this thesis. In its subchapters are examined: the legal basis of the party system, the conditions of developing Spanish democracy and its impact on the party system and at last the main political powers in Spain of the last 30 years - Partido Socialista Obrero Español and Partido Popular. On the background of detailed examination of these two parties can be seen the development of the...
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The relation between the individual and the society in Rawls' work
Vlčanová, Kateřina ; Šimsa, Martin (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The aim of the present thesis is to answer the following question: How does the relationship between the individual and society change in Rawls' work? Does the link between the individual and society strengthen, weaken or change in another way? The author discusses other questions, too, namely the specifics of Rawls' theory and his liberalism as well as the criticism of Rawls. The author focuses on two crucial texts - The Theory of Justice, Rawls' debut book, and Political Liberalism. In order to answer these questions, the author first analyses The Theory of Justice and the relationship between the invidual and society in this work, and then places this relationship within the context of a philosophical debate, which stems from the criticism of the work. It is liberals and communitarians who engage in this debate. The author also mentions Robert Nozick, a representative of libertarians, and his critique. Liberals (Rawls) hold the view that one's identity is more significant than society, and thus advocate the individualistic image of the universal man who has appropriate rigths. Communitarians, on the other hand (MacIntyre, Sandel, Taylor, Walzer), advocate the image of a person whose identity is apriori derived from the society that the person belongs to. Hence, communitarians strive for the good...
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Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism
Machart, Filip ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Novák, Miroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis Modern Dystopias and Theories of Totalitarianism deals with comparation of this two phenomena. The thesis is based on the concept of Giovanni Sartori. He understands the phenomenon of totalitarianism as ideal ending of the axis totalitarianism- democracy. Extreme points of this axis fulfill the role of unrealizable ideal regimes. In reality we can only move closer to them but modern dystopias may represent these ideal regimes. The diploma thesis is divided into theoretical and practical section. There is the analyse of five books in the theoretical section which deal with the theory of totalitarianism. The analysis contains the work of Sigmund Neumann, Hannah Arendt, Carl J. Friedrich and Zbigniew K. Brzeziński, Giovanni Sartori and Juan J. Linz. Each theory of totalitarianism is supplemented by reflection from other authors. There is the analyse of five dystopias (J. Zamjatin - We, A. Huxley - Brave New World, G. Orwell - Nineteen Eighty-four, M. Atwood - The Handmaid`s Tale, A. Moore, D. Lloyd - V for Vendetta) in the practical section. The analysis contains the storyline of the book, elements of totalitarian regime in the dystopia and inspiration of author for the world of dystopia. There is elaborated final comparation between theories of totalitarianism and modern dystopias...
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Analysis of czechoslovak social democracy in years 1916-1921
Henzl, Lukáš ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Gelnarová, Jitka (referee)
This work offers an analysis of social democracy in the Czech lands in 1916 - 1921. The aim is to describe the process and the causes of the collapse of the ČSDSD. This gave rise to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. The study seeks to answer the question of why the Communist coup in ČSDSD failed. The introductory part deals with the historical development of the party against the background of national and world events. The main accent is set on the analysis of the two wings within the party: the left (revolutionary) and the right (reform). These wings are examined from the perspective of Giovanni Sartori and the sociologists of policy of the time, Johh Mertl and Robert Michels. This is complemented by the inclusion of the party into cleavages by Stein Rokkan and Seymour M. Lipset. The study also contains information about developments in the number of party members between 1913 and 1924, reflecting the decline in the war years and especially after the collapse of the party. The following chapter is dedicated to the strength of social democracy in the legislatures in comparison with the other Czech, respectively Czechoslovak parties. It shows the position of social democracy within the party system and its real influence on the direction the Czech and, later, Czechoslovak nation took. The text is...
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Development of Czech Political Science in 90's (in Prague)
Jelínková, Veronika ; Novák, Miroslav (advisor) ; Šanc, David (referee)
This thesis deals with a summary of the evolution of Czech political science in the post- revolutionary years in Prague. The uneasy evolution of this science in the Czech Republic was discontinued by the communist regime for more than 40 years. The thesis focuses primarily on academic institutions in which political science was being evolved in the 90's. These were two universities -Charles University and University of Economics and two institutions dealing with political science - The Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic and The Czech Political Science Association. At Charles University it's specifically the Faculty of Social Sciences with its present Institute of Political Studies and also the Faculty of Arts with its present Department of Political Science. There are Prague Political magazines introduced in the thesis, mostly Czech Political Science Review. The thesis also summarizes the direction of political science nowadays and subjects of its investigation.
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