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The synthesis and functionalization of diketopyrrolopyrrole derivatives for organic electronics
Mamleev, Kamil ; Halaksa, Roman (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
Nowadays, organic electronics is a promising field of science. Because of a number of advantages, materials based on organic substances can replace existing inorganic analogues in such devices as organic solar cells, OLED, OFET, biosensors, etc. In the theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis, the molecules of diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP), dithioketopyrrolopyrrole (DTPP), and their derivatives were fully reviewed. An overview of the synthesis and the properties of the derivatives of these molecules was given. Possible applications of DPP and DTPP in various areas of organic electronics were provided. The experimental part of the bachelor's thesis described the synthesis of DTPP structures with thiophene and phenyl substituents. In addition, a modification of thiophene DTPP with S'S alkylation was demonstrated. All synthesized compounds were purified by silica gel column chromatography. The structures of the obtained products were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy.
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Synthesis and characterisation of advanced molecules with implemented adamantane skeleton
Jančík, Ján ; Maier,, Lukáš (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
This diploma thesis describes synthetic approach and characterization of advanced molecules with implemented adamantane skeleton and perspective use in attractive field of organic electronics. Three of four prepared molecules based on para-bis(2-thienyl)phenylene are original and totally new, and there were performed different synthetic approaches with comparison of yield, ecological and financial impact. Study of microwave synthetic approach was provided for cross-coupling reactions on para-bis(2-thienyl)phenylene skeleton. For all molecules were used ethyladamantyl and methyladamantyl substituents. Also, two completely new molecules based on 2,2':5',2''-terthiophene with ethyladamantyl and methyladamantyl substituents were prepared. In the next part were prepared new dimer structures of adamantane with possible application on field of polymers as bridge molecules. In the thesis were also made series of experiments for preparation of tetrasubstituted adamantane molecules, and for optimisation of preparation of spiroadamantane systems.
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Geotechnické řešení protipovodňových opatření
Krajčovič, Ján ; Chalmovský, Juraj (referee) ; Račanský, Václav (advisor)
Main target of work is problematic of flood protection systems and possibilities of improvement of them by methods of geotechnical solutions. Parts of work are overview of basic flood protection systems and resume of normative requirements for design of levee against flood. Practical part of work is composed from complex overview of geotechnics methods used for levee improvement. Work is ended by examples from practice.
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The phenomenon of symbiosis and its importance to theoretical biology
Lhotský, Josef ; Markoš, Anton (advisor) ; Neustupa, Jiří (referee) ; Krajčovič, Juraj (referee)
7 Abstract Close physical interspecific associations called symbioses are central for understanding both evolution and interactions of all branches of living creatures, as well as shaping the Earth's physical features - in other words, they are essential for understanding the nature of whole biosphere. Symbiotic research takes place in some variation in all fields of biology, and since the nature of the phenomenon apparently has a fundamental importance as an exceptional underlying & unifying scheme, there is growing need for appropriate theoretical analysis. Here I discuss the theoretical frame, definition and history of the concept of symbiotic interactions and its significance and use in theoretical biology. Keywords: symbiosis, life, microorganisms, evolution, metaphors and models
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The complicated evolution of methionine adenosyltransferase in euglenids and eukaryotes in general
Szabová, Jana ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krajčovič, Juraj (referee) ; Sanchez-Perez, Gabino (referee)
Many eukaryotic genes do not follow vertical inheritance pattern. In the present work, we have chosen as a model the gene for methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT), in which we have decided to examine in detail the evolutionary history. MAT is a ubiquitous essential enzyme that, in eukaryotes, occurs in two relatively divergent paralogs: MAT and MATX. Both paralogs have punctate distributions across the tree of eukaryotes and, except for a few cases, they are mutually exclusive. This points to the complicated evolutionary history of this gene couple, which may be caused by either differential loss of old paralogs or the spread of one of these paralogs by horizontal gene transfer (HGT). We have focused on the evolution of this enzyme particularly within one of the best-known groups of flagellates, the euglenids, because it was hypothesized that MATX evolved in photosynthetic euglenids before it spread to other lineages. We gained 26 new sequences from 23 euglenid lineages and one prasinophyte alga Pyramimonas parkeae. MATX was found only in photoautotrophic euglenids. Both, mixotroph Rapaza viridis and the prasinophyte alga Pyramimonas parkeae, the closest known relative of the euglenid plastid ancestor, only displayed the MAT paralog. In contrast, both paralogues were found in two euglenid species...
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Bio-inspired materials for aplications in organic electronics
Meindl, Jiří ; Pospíšilík, Karel (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
The bachelor ‘s thesis is a literary research, which summarise perspective bioinspired materials for organic electronic applications. Mainly focused are bioinspired and biocompatible materials in this thesis. The main area of interest is synthesis, characterization and application of these semiconducting materials. The first part of the thesis is focused on indigo, 6,6‘-dibromoindigo and thiophen derivatives of isoindigo copolymers. The second part of the thesis is all about biocompatible materials and applications of these materials in bio-protonic electronics. Malein-chitosan is described in this part as role model substance of bio-protonic electronics.
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The synthesis and study of new derivatives of diketopyrrolopyrroles for organic electronics
Cigánek, Martin ; Maier, Lukáš (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
This diploma thesis describes organic pigments of diketopyrrolopyrroles (DDPs) possessing properties applicable in attractive and perspective areas of organic electronics and photonics. The modification of the DPP skeleton was performed by nucleophilic substitution by various alkyl chains and 5 series of DPP derivatives were prepared. The regioselectivity of N-alkylation and also the photophysical properties of the prepared derivatives were studied. A key product of this work is the N,N'-ethyladamantyl derivative of DPP, which exhibited ambipolar characteristic with excellent electron mobility of 0.2 cm2 V–1 s–1. Further, the -conjugation of the above-mentioned DPP derivative was extended by 1 and 2 thiophene units at positions 3,6 and the effect of this modification on optical properties of the resulting derivatives was investigated. A new modified N,N'-unsubstituted DPP derivative was also prepared. The last point of this thesis was the study of the incorporation of formyl functional groups into the skeleton of key N,N'-ethyladamantyl DPP derivative.
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IMPLEMETATION OF POLYCYCLIC SATURATED SYSTEMS IN ADVANCED SMART MOLECULES USABLE IN ORGANIC ELECTRONICS
Jančík, Ján ; Richtár, Jan (referee) ; Krajčovič, Jozef (advisor)
This essay deals with implementation of polycyclic saturated systems as bulky and very stable molecules, in advanced systems usable in organic electronics. It deals with theoretical aspects of structure and properties of polycyclic saturated systems, which based on available examples and literature are very perspective. Based on theoretical aspect in the first part of essay, the second part deals with synthesis of new molecule with incorporation of polycyclic saturated system usable in organic electronics. This part deals with all main intermediates synthetized via cross-coupling reactions.
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Study of Thiophene Oligo-copolymers: Synthesis and Optoelectronic Properties
Krajčovič, Jozef ; Mazal,, Ctibor (referee) ; Kapička, Vratislav (referee) ; Friedl, Zdeněk (advisor)
Thesis presents synthesis and study of thiophene monomers, oligomers and polymers. The new series of thieno[3,4-b]pyrazine copolymers based on 3-dodecylthiophene and pyrazine monomers were prepared by oxidative polymerization with FeCl3. The effective synthetic method for preparation of 3-alkylthiophenes and thiophene oligomers was developed by optimizing of Kumada cross-couplig. The mentioned method could be realized for multikilos scale with possibility of transfer to pilot plant production. The second part of thesis focuses on synthesis and study of new thiophene compounds, which consist of both 2,3-diazo-1,3-butadiene bridge with two terminal chromophores and two thiophene units linked together via -position by pyrazine or hydrazine bridge. Finally, the new type of regular alternating copolymer consists of 2,2´:5´,2´´-terthiophene-5,5´-dicarboxylic acid (TEDA) and polyethyleneoxide (PEO) was prepared. Formation of polymer nano-subunits as separated phases in solid state was confirmed by TEM.
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