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Trends in nuptiality in European countries since 1960
Dvořáková, Andrea ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Development of Nuptiality in European countries since 1960 Abstract The aim of this thesis is to assess the development of marriage since 1960 and determine whether there has been convergence of nuptial behavior in European Union countries along with Switzerland and Norway. Convergence of nuptial behavior was evaluated, primarily on the basis of intensity indicator and the timing of marriage. The results show that the extension of the second demographic transition in all countries brings similar trends like reducing the intensity of marriage and postponement of marriage to a later age. Four countries were selected, the Czech Republic, Finland, France and Hungary. In these countries, convergence of nuptial behavior since 1990 were more analyzed. Development of attitudes towards marriage was studied in order to find out how the value changes contributed to changes in marriage behavior as suggested by the second demographic transition. In the Czech Republic and Hungary opinions have changed the most when it comes to marriage. The most liberal state was France and on the other hand, marriage in Finland was still attractive. These results correspond well with the development of marriage in individual states. Finally, using binary logistic regression we identified characteristics of people that increase the...
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Singles in the Czech Republic in the perspective of changing value orientation
Hromádková, Václava ; Šťastná, Anna (advisor) ; Kalibová, Květa (referee)
The intention of this study is to analyze an evolution of singles in the Czech Republic from 90s from the perspective of a second demographic transition. I will focus on the singles' characteristic according to marital status, education level, economic activity and territorial location. This study also contains an analysis of attitude and value orientation in the Czech Republic in issues concerning family and relationships. The main source of data for the analysis is data from the Czech Statistical Office and data from sociological survey European Values Study which includes the information about the use binary logistic regression the changes of attitudes according to chosen characteristics of respondents. Results of the study show that the proportion of singles in the population of the Czech Republic is increasing. Results of the value orientation analysis say that there was a big change of value orientation in the Czech Republic. The new alternative forms of living and cohabitation of partners have been more popular since 1990. Younger unmarried people are considered as pioneers of the new lifestyle. These people often have university education.
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Financial support for families in the new Europe. Using the Model family method.
Mitchell, Eva ; Hamplová, Dana (advisor) ; Klímová Chaloupková, Jana (referee) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Dissertation explores the structure and level of financial support addressed to families with children in the Czech Republic and 19 other European countries as of December 2008. Attention is paid primarily to the "new" European countries, i.e. the region of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE). Through analysis of tax-benefit system this study examines where the Czech Republic stands in respect of family support within the European context and assesses which European policy is most similar to the Czech model of financial family support. There are two main parts. First one introduces the welfare state and family policy typologies and theories. Second one uses the model family method to answer the following questions: Which kind of family composition benefits most from the state support? Does the Czech tax- benefit system prioritize the traditional male-breadwinner family or does it encourage the dual-earner model? What is the position of Czech lone-parent families in comparison to other European countries? Is the Czech family policy aimed at the same types of family with children as is the Slovakian family policy or any other state policy in CEE? Are these two countries still following the same trend in respect to the financial family support? And where do the new European countries fit within the existing...
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The financial balance of the preschool child care system in the Czech Republic
Ruml, Jiří ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
The thesis deals with the development of availability of preschool childcare in the Czech Republic after 1990 and its relation to the harmonization of family and working life of women. The aim of this work is to identify possible future perspectives of this development and its potential impact on the economy of the country. In the introduction, it is firstly outlined how the demographic development and the approach to family policy changed in the Czech Republic after 1990. After that follow a specification of the system of preschool care in the Czech Republic and an analysis of development of the availability of preschool childcare and of employment of women in the labour market. For the estimation of future development, a projection of potential candidates for preschool care services and a projection of expected number of mothers with young children in 2020 are conducted. The results of the projections indicate that the current capacity of kindergartens could be sufficient already in the school year 2019/2020, in the context of the decreasing number of live births. Nevertheless, the Czech Republic is likely to fail to fulfil timely the objectives of the European Union for the minimum participation of children in preschool education based on the Barcelona criteria and the strategy Europe 2020. Insufficient...
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Family policy and reproductive behaviour in the Visegrad Group states after 1990
Krejčí, Anna ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee) ; Černíková, Alena (referee)
Family policy andreproductive behaviour in the VisegradGroup states after 1990 Abstract In post-communist countries, the fertility decline has been already subjected in many researches. Aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse trends in fertility and family policy in the Visegrad countries. The goal was to find out how the post-1990 approach on family policy and response to changing social conditions differed in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The study describes settings for each family benefits including the changes in the examined period of 1990-2013. On that basis 5-year periods were defined and assessed. The fertility analysis is focused on the total and completed fertility rate and also by parity and age-specific fertility rates. The period effect was estimated using age-period-cohort (APC) models which decompose fertility rates for age, period and cohort effects. Models were based on fertility of women aged 25-49 years in the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia. Results in all three countries suggest that the decline in fertility in 1995-1999 wasa reaction to the changing socio-economic conditions in 1990-1994. However, the negative effect of this period was mitigated by changes in the distribution of cohorts. The period 2000-2004 has brought many positive changes that were behind...
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Impact of economic crisis on fertility level in EU member states
Kortanová, Jana ; Kocourková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee) ; Černíková, Alena (referee)
Impact of economic crisis on fertility level in EU member states Abstract The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide a detailed development overview of the selected indicators, i.e., GDP per capita, unemployment rate and total fertility rate, in the context of the Global Economic Crisis, which, on a European scale, started in 2008, and evaluate the impact of the crisis on fertility levels across EU countries. The diploma thesis further concerns itself with various approaches to the relation between economic development and fertility, briefly with the causes of the Global Economic Crisis and with family policy measures in response to worsening economic conditions. Using cluster and regression analyses, the relationship between the economic indicators and total fertility rates in relation to the onset of the crisis has been examined. Even though total fertility rates of individual EU countries were affected differently by the change of economic conditions, the results indicate that changes in unemployment rates affect fertility levels. The decline in fertility levels during the crisis, which occurred in most of the examined countries, is certainly the result of a large number of factors affecting reproductive behaviour. Nevertheless, the results suggest that the symptoms of the crisis significantly...
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Time use dependent on presence of children in household for generation 40s to 70s of the 20th century in the United States of America
Slabá, Jitka ; Kurtinová, Olga (advisor) ; Šťastná, Anna (referee)
Time use dependent on presence of children in household for generation 40s to 70s of the 20th century in the United States of America Abstract: The fertility of women has declined under reproduction level 2.1 children per women in economic developed countries during the last few decades. At the same time the employment of women has risen and time use has changed. Main aim of this thesis is to understand how generations born in 1940-1979 living in the USA changed the spending of their time. The AHTUS data set is analysed by comparing averages of times spent by total work, paid work, unpaid work and child care. The time spent by total work declined between generations born at 40s and 70s. Average time spent by paid work declined too. The men's average time spent by unpaid work increased and women's average time decreased. In spite of fertility decrease between 40s and 70s generations, the women's and men's time spent by childcare extremely increased. The men's time spent by child care increased five times, while women's time spent by child care increased more than three times. The rise of time spent by child care is realized by increasing in primary and secondary activities. Primary activities contain time spent by childcare, secondary activities include all activities where childcare was declared e as a...
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A second child in the family - The consequences of changing family and fertility patterns in the Czech Republic
Šťastná, Anna ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Kocourková, Jiřina (referee) ; Kuchařová, Věra (referee)
A Second Child in the Family - the Consequences of Changing Family and Fertility Patterns in the Czech Republic Anna Šťastná Abstract The theme of this study is the two-child family model and second order births in the context of a changing Czech society. The study investigates the conditions and context surrounding the birth of a second child and the general values associated with children and focuses on selected factors associated with the decision-making process surrounding having a second child including the factors that a woman takes into account when deciding whether to have another child. Furthermore, the author studies the determinants of having a second child in Czech society and the relationship between the likelihood of the birth of a second child and different micro-level covariates and attempts to provide an explanation of the processes acting upon second childbearing through interaction with education and partnerships/union dynamics. The thesis is divided into three thematic sections. Following the introductory chapters, the first part of the study addresses fertility patterns in the Czech Republic, societal conditions and theoretical concepts which deal with possible explanations for changing fertility behaviour. The second part of the study considers decision-making processes and value...
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A comparison of the level and development of beekeeping between two neighbouring areas -the Ústecký Region and the Sachsen Freistaat
Šťastná, Anna-Marie ; Prášilová, Marie (advisor) ; Anna, Anna (referee)
The diploma work provides an analysis and comparison of the development in apiculture (bee-keeping) and of its present state in the Czech Republic and Germany. Attention with regard to apiculture is mostly paid to the two neighbouring regions: Ústí nad Labem Region and The Free State of Saxony.
The practical part first discusses the major guidelines in the development and status of apiculture both in the Czech Republic and Germany on the one hand, and in the Ústí nad Labem Region and Saxony on the other. Particular attention is given to the indices of quantification of beekeepers and bee colonies, the overall annual honey production and the average annual honey production per one bee colony. Attention is also given to the indices of the average honey consumption in both countries, to foreign trade in which honey is the commodity and to the rate of fund raising in support of bee keeping. The statistical data were provided by Czech beekeepers union, Regional Authority of the Usti Region, German Beekeepers Association, Federal Ministry of Food and Agricuture and the Saxon State Ministry for Enviroment and Agriculture. The diploma work, according to the obtained statistic data, offers a prediction of the future development in apiculture, again with regards to the two regions discussed.
The final part and the conclusions contain suggestions and recommendations concerning the development of apiculture in the Czech Republic and in the Federal Republic of Germany.
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Inventarizace zařízení na nakládání s odpady ve městě Prostějov
Šťastná, Anna
The Bachelor thesis "Inventories of waste management facilities in the town of Prostějov" describes legislation framework of the problems in the beginning, including the EU legislation. There are plants of A.S.A. TS Prostějov, s.r.o., collection centres of metal scrap, facilities for scrap vehicles ecological disposal, plants of mobile collection facilities, plants for waste separation and incineration plants of hazardous waste in the area of the town of Prostějov. The present state of facilities in MEGAWASTE -- EKOTERM, s.r.o. - incineration plant on the area of the town has been inventoried. The discussion and the final part have been devoted to the evaluation of present state, including some ideas to improvement.
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