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Localization of Methylation Sites in Transposons
Kmeť, Miroslav ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Vogel, Ivan (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the creation of a tool for the extraction of methylation level from transposon sequences. Transposons are DNA elements with ability to move or copy themselves and their activity is regulated by DNA methylation. Sequence methylation information is stored in the bisulfite data and their processing is done with parts of two existing tools in a combination with implemented modules. Created tool takes into consideration unique challenges brought in the methylation calling process by transposable elements and it's functionality is presented on a set of experiments with simulated and real data.
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Query Language for Biological Databases
Bahurek, Tomáš ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
With rising amount of biological data, biological databases are becoming more important each day. Knowledge discovery (identification of connections that were unknown at the time of data entry) is an essential aspect of these databases. To gain knowledge from these databases one has to construct complicated SQL queries, which requires advanced knowledge of SQL language and used database schema. Biologists usually don't have this knowledge, which creates need for tool, that would offer more intuitive interface for querying biological databases. This work proposes ChQL, an intuitive query language for biological database Chado. ChQL allows biologists to assemble query using terms they are familiar without knowledge of SQL language or Chado database schema. This work implements application for querying Chado database using ChQL. Web interface guides user through process of assembling sentence in ChQL. Application translates this sentence to SQL query, sends it to Chado database and displays returned data in table. Results are evaluated by testing queries on real data.
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Prediction of p53 Protein Binding Sites
Radakovič, Jozef ; Vogel, Ivan (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Protein p53 which is encoded by gene TP53 plays crucial role in cell cycle as a regulator of transcription of genes in cases when cell is under stress. Therefore p53 acts like tumor suppressor. Understanding the pathway of p53 regulation as well as predicting its binding sites on p53 regulated genes is one of the major concerns of modern research in genetics and bioinformatics. In first part of this project we aim to introduce basics from molecular biology to better understand the p53 protein pathway in gene transcription and introduction to analysis of prediction of p53 binding sites. Second part is about implementation and testing of tool which would be able to predict transcription factor binding sites for protein p53.
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Prediction of Homolog Protein Sequences
Chlupová, Hana ; Bendl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Prediction and searching for homologous protein sequences is one of important tasks which are currently being addressed in the area of bioinformatics. According to the determination of homologous sequences of unknown protein sequence it is often possible to determine its structure and function in the organism. For searching homologous sequences, the most frequently used tools are based on direct sequence comparison, profile comparison or on the use of hidden Markov models. There is no universal method better than all others. To satisfy user`s request on needed sequence identity between domains and error rate between founded true positive and false positive pairs, the selection of proper method and its settings is needed. This work is focused to create tool which will help user to choose the best method and its settings according to his requirements. It was created on the basis of the analysis of method results with different settings. In addition, the implemented application offers the possibility to run this method and show its results.
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Classification of Small Noncoding RNAs
Žigárdi, Tomáš ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Vogel, Ivan (advisor)
This masters's thesis contains description of designed and implemented tool for classification of plant microRNA without genome. Properties of mature and star sequences in microRNA duplexes are used. Implemented method is based on clustering of RNA sequences (with CD-HIT) to mainly reduce their count. Selected representants from each clusters are classified using support vector machine. Performance of classification is more than 96% (based on cross-validation method using the training data).
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Clustering of Biological Sequences
Kubiš, Radim ; Burgetová, Ivana (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
One of the main reasons for protein clustering is prediction of structure, function and evolution. Many of current tools have disadvantage of high computational complexity due to all-to-all sequence alignment. If any tool works faster, it does not reach accuracy as other tools. Further disadvantage is processing on higher rate of similarity but homologous proteins can be similar with less identity. The process of clustering often ends when reach the condition which does not reflect sufficient quality of clusters. Master's thesis describes the design and implementation of new tool for clustering of protein sequences. New tool should not be computationally demanding but it should preserve required accuracy and produce better clusters. The thesis also describes testing of designed tool, evaluation of results and possibilities of its further development.
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Prediction of the Effect of Nucleotide Substitution Using Machine Learning
Šalanda, Ondřej ; Martínek, Tomáš (referee) ; Bendl, Jaroslav (advisor)
This thesis brings a new approach to the prediction of the effect of nucleotide polymorphism on human genome. The main goal is to create a new meta-classifier, which combines predictions of several already implemented software classifiers. The novelty of developed tool lies in using machine learning methods to find consensus over those tools, that would enhance accuracy and versatility of prediction. Final experiments show, that compared to the best integrated tool, the meta-classifier increases the area under ROC curve by 3,4 in average and normalized accuracy is improved by up to 7\,\%. The new classifying service is available at http://ll06.sci.muni.cz:6232/snpeffect/.
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Detection of Related Proteins with Modified Function
Hon, Jiří ; Bendl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Protein engineering is a young dynamic discipline with great amount of potential practical applications. However, its success is primarily based on perfect knowledge and usage of all existing information about protein function and structure. To achieve that, protein engineering is supported by plenty of bioinformatic tools and analysis. The goal of this project is to create a new tool for protein engineering that would enable researchers to identificate related proteins with modified function in still growing biological databases. The tool is designed as an automated workflow of existing bioinformatic analyses that leads to identification of proteins with the same type of enzymatic function, but with slightly modified properties - primarily in terms of selectivity, reaction speed and stability.
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Computational Methods for Annotation Analysis of Genetic Variations
Fülöp, Tibor ; Bendl, Jaroslav (referee) ; Martínek, Tomáš (advisor)
Analýza a interpretace variací DNA je důležité pro zkoumání genetického pozadí dědičnosti, nemocí a jiných fenotypových rysů. Tato práce stručně úvadí oblasti molekulární biologie a základních principů genetiky, popisuje metody pro anotační analýzy genetických variací, genomové asociační studie a metody pro analýzy obohacení s jejich implementací. V rámci této práce jsme představili nový webový nástroj Varanto, který může být použit k anotaci, vizualizaci a analýze genetických variací. Může být použit k analýze obohacení anotací pomocí hypergeometrického testu pro danou množinu variací. Varanto obsahuje uživatelské webové rozhraní vyvinuté pomocí frameworku Shiny jazyka R. Výkon a funkcionalita nástroje jsou testovány a demonstrovány podle výkonových benchmarků a na základě analýzy a interpretace dat z dříve publikovaných genomových asociačních studií.
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Finite element modelling of pathological changes in human vocal folds tissue and their influence on videokymograph
Martínek, Tomáš ; Matug, Michal (referee) ; Švancara, Pavel (advisor)
Master´s thesis deals with creating planar computational model of human folds, involving fluid-structure interaction. With this model, the influence of changes in vocal folds tissue layers (stiffness, thickness) and their effects on the videokymograph image are studied. Analysis of the results also deals with the evaluation of pressure at selected points below, between and above the vocal folds. The results indicate a possible similarity with the behavior of human vocal folds with pathology. Background research of vocal folds function, an overview of vocal folds pathology and summary of computational models are included.
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