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Circulation wells and their mathematical modelling
Nedvěd, Jakub ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (referee)
Groundwater is our priceless natural resource and it is our duty to protect it and to take care of its quality. That is the reason why several techniques of pollution removal have been developed; the Groundwater Circulation Well technique (GCW) is one of them. This system enables us to clean contaminated groundwater effectively and in-situ (it means that there is no need to extract groundwater to the surface). This thesis is aimed at collecting and presenting our actual knowledge of the most common GCW systems. In the first part of the thesis the basic kinds of the GCW are introduced and their principles are presented. The remediation mechanisms are further described with respect to the character of the particular contamination. The chemical and biological processes controlling the contaminant degradation are described. Several experiments that were carried out and monitored in order to study the efficiency of GCWs are presented. In the last part of the thesis the mathematical modelling of GCWs is introduced. The partial differential equations governing the processes of flow and mass transport in the well surrounding parts of aquifers are presented and the corresponding initial and boundary conditions are formulated. The obtained numerical results and conclusions of their comparison with measured data are...
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Adsorption of radionuclides in granite pores and micropores
Šindelář, Jakub ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (referee)
Adsorption of radionuclides in granite pores and micropores ABSTRACT This graduation thesis deals with laboratory determination of adsorption isotherms parameters. Granite from the central moldanubian pluton, site Panské Dubenky, Czech Republic, was chosen to the experiment. The place is one of the candidate sites to build a deep nuclear waste disposal. A batch experiment was performed in two modes, differing in the way of addition of radioactive nuclide 90 Sr. From this experiment, distribution coefficients for a linear isotherm or parameters for Langmuir isotherm were obtained. Beside this, a through-diffusion experiment was performed. The objective of this experiment was to identify whether some of the radionuclides used (137 Cs, 90 Sr, 125 I) is able to penetrate through the pores of a granite slice barrier between two solutions of different concentrations. During the period of the experiment no radionuclide was detected reliably.
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The influence of stand management to production and qualitative characteristics of maize for forage and alternative uses of biomass
Vrabcová, Zuzana ; Šantrůček, Jaromír (advisor)
In years 2014 and 2015 on the experimental plots of the Czech University of Life Sciences and in Prague and Cerveny Ujezd was observed the influence of row spacing and plant density on morphological and production parameters of silage maize. Two years results show that greater influence had plant density than row spacing. At both sites were significantly affected by row spacing dry matter yield and leaf assimilation area.
Plant density affected on both sites weight of plant and leaf assimilation area. For biogas production the biggest impact had plants part, resp. cobs. Finally, year and habitats had very important influence on the monitored parameters.
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A methodology for assessing the impact of cattle grazing on soil properties, water quality and quantity, plant and invertebrates diversity
Fučík, P. ; Zemek, František ; Hakrová, P. ; Svobodová, M. ; Zajíček, A. ; Šlachta, M. ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Duffková, R. ; Mrkvička, J. ; Bystřický, V. ; Procházka, J. ; Skalický, M. ; Holubík, O. ; Moravcová, J. ; Novotný, Jan ; Skalická, J. ; Peterková, J. ; Musil, M. ; Šantrůček, J. ; Matoušková, V. ; Brom, J. ; Hanuš, Jan ; Novotná, K. ; Huislová, P.
This methodology introduces the approaches for assessment of soil, water, plant, forage and invertebrates characteristics of pastures as influenced by cattle grazing. These parameters are necessary to observe and evaluate in order to set the optimal grazing management of pastures for support of the sustainable land use and for mitigating the negative impacts of agriculture on the environment. Moreover, the proper management of pastures enables to improve livestock welfare, market challenges of foods, and strenghten and diversify various activities in rural areas. For the assessment of grazing-induced changes of aforementioned parameters, the focus is oriented towards different pasture geomorphological / hillslope zones, where grazing may exhibit in a distinct manner. The approaches are postponed based on literature survey as well as on knowledge acquired during a multi-branch research project. The methodology shows the principles for monitoring and evaluation of parameters regarding soil physics and chemistry, water quality and quantity, plant diversity and forage quality and ecology of selected invertebrate species. Beside this, approaches for application and interpretation of remote sensing methods and tools for detecting the changes in plant and soil pasture characteristics are introduced and discussed. The methodics is targeted on one hand for specialist from state administration offices (Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment) as a background for evaluation of the effectiveness of subsidy programmes focused on grazing management. On the other hand, the approaches described in the methodics can serve the experts for an integrated assessment of grazing management on various pasture parameters or on the environment. The novelty of the methodics lies in the multi-level approach, which enables to assess the pasture parameters both individually or jointly, according to their mutual interrelatons and possible driving factors.
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