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The effect of soil structure on the hydraulic characteristics of the soil
Čermák, Petr ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Soil is very important in the hydrological cycle of landscape. The retention and storage ability depends on the quality, type of structure and other properties of the soil. The retention ability of soil is determined by gravitational pores (the coarsest pores), which are drained off after filling the water. The accumulation depends on the capillary pores in which water is bounded by capillary forces. The soil works also as a filter´s environment which cleans naturally the water. This process can be also converse, when various substances are released from soil to water. The state and amount of water between the surface of soil and level of groundwater affect many important processes such as fertility of soil, drain from drainage area, supply of groundwater sources and others. Structure of soil changes fundamentally by cultivation of soil and types of farming crops. Aggregates are mechanical destructed by weather conditions and soil gradually loses its good qualities, fertility is reducing and flood protection is decreasing. This fact can be avoided by right choice of crops and the type of tillage soil.
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The evaluation of the lifetime period of welded frame for hydraulic press machine RONDOPRESS
Čermák, Petr ; Mrňa, Libor (referee) ; Kubíček, Jaroslav (advisor)
Petr Čermák: Service time assessment of the welded frame for the hydraulics of RONDOPRESS press machine The goal of this thesis is to assess durability of the welded frame for the hydraulics of RONDOPRESS press machine, which is used at the bakery sector in the food industry. The press machine chamber is made of stainless steel, because of food (dough) processing. But the strengthened part of the press machine consists of a carbon steel frame with a hydraulic cylinder. For the life of the RONDOPRESS machine is determining the rigidity and durability of the frame. Therefore it is necessary to carry out a study of carbon steel weldability, choose a suitable welding method and then make an evaluation of welded frame construction used in terms of weld joints in analyzed areas. Practical part consists of the frame computer model design, stress calculations and the service time calculation for required 1,825,000 cycles, choosing the appropriate welding method and avoiding undesired deformations. The final output is an operational frame of the RONDOPRESS press machine that meets the required service time specified by the number of production process cycles.
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Using program Rosetta to estimate of soil moisture retention curves from experimental size Bohaté Málkovice
Čermák, Petr ; Doležal, Petr (referee) ; Kameníčková, Ivana (advisor)
Hydraulic characteristics are the most important properties of soil, i.e. retention curve of soil moisture and hydraulic conductivity. Hydraulic conductivity of soil characterizes the ability of the soil to conduct water. Retention curve expresses the relationship between moisture and moisture potential of soil. The running of retention curve is influenced by many factors, eg. grain size and mineralogical composition, content of humus, reduce bulk density and structure of soil. Measurement of retention curves takes a lot of time and money in laboratory conditions therefore pedotransfer functions seem to be an alternative solution. The thesis aims to estimate moisture retention curves of soil in a selected area of interest in South Moravia using program Rosetta (Schaap, 2003). Data of granularity (% content of clay, sand and dust), bulk density of soil and hydrolimits field water capacity and wilting point were used as predictors in individual models of program Rosetta. Data of grain were matched by FAO / USDA system. Retention curves of soil moisture were measured on a sand tank and overpressure devices. The measured retention curves were parameterized by RETC program. Estimated retention curves were graphically compared with measured to determine the quality of the estimate. The accuracy of the estimate was assessed by correlation coefficient R of determination coefficient R2 and standard error SMRE. Usability own derivatives pedotransfer functions is hard to say due to the size of the input data file. I would recommend further verification of data at the other localities in south Moravia.
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Digital conversion of analog signals
Čermák, Petr ; Sedláček, Jiří (referee) ; Murina, Milan (advisor)
My work is focused on digital elaboration of the analog signal. In my work the analysis has been carried out in all parts of digit chains processing analog signal. The entranced variable is signal from measuring coil, which is afterwards strengthen and transfer to a sampler. The sample signal is processed by an A/D converter and then sends to a parallel port. On the basis of acquired data the scheme has been constructed for sample processing. The transfer to the parallel port is done (made) in two steps, at first one part of the word is transferred and then the rest of the word follows. Between the converter and sampler is tight relationship and synchronization. Both of them are managed from one central bus.
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Welding problems of the „press chamber“ component
Čermák, Petr ; Dohnal, Ivo (referee) ; Kubíček, Jaroslav (advisor)
Petr Čermák: Welding problems of the "press chamber" component The goal of this work is to produce the "press chamber" component of a food industry machine and selection of a suitable arc welding method, a base and a filler material. Practical part of this work includes technological design of a weldment production process considering all the know-how concerning welding technology, heating process of a stainless steel and a weld quality testing. Especial emphasis is put on analyzing of deformations and residual stresses during welding and taking countermeasures to reduce these undesired defects in the "press chamber" weldment made of high alloy austenitic steel. The final output is the "press chamber" component and a welding jig design reducing occurrence of the undesired deformations or residual stresses.
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Daňové dopady realizace výzkumných a vývojových aktivit v České republice
Čermák, Petr
Research and development is one of the key factors for a long-term balanced economic growth, and therefore it is in the interest of individual countries to support it. The thesis discovers that the main tax instrument for promoting research and development in the Czech Republic is a tax deductible item. The paper finds out that businesses are not currently tax motivated to implement research and development using public universities. Therefore, an adaption in the tax deductible item to motivate businesses for such cooperation is designed. Furthermore, the thesis verifies that the amount of patent applications turned in to Industrial Property Office by public universities, or businesses depends on the volume of expenditure on research and development used in these sectors.
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Vliv hospodářských zásahů na změnu v biologické rozmanitosti ve zvláště chráněných územích: Vliv mysliveckého chovu sudokopytníků na stav a přirozený vývoj lesa NPR Týřov a NPR Praděd
Agentura ochrany přírody a krajiny ČR, Praha ; Čermák, Petr ; Mrkva, Radomír
V této studii se uvádí výsledky provedených šetření na NPR Praděd, CHKO Jeseníky a NPR Týřov, CHKO Křivoklát, které nepřímo, tj. podle počtu okusem poškozených semenáčků a podle nepřítomnosti odrůstajícího keřového nebo dřevinného spodního patra, dokumentují nadměrnou přítomnost chovaných přežvýkavých sudokopytníků. Hodnotí se také současně provozovaný chov zvěře, který je bohužel možný díky nejen současné, ale v případě schválení novely zákona, i budoucí myslivecké legislativy. Závěrem se formuluje obecná představa principů přírodě blízkého mysliveckého hospodaření, kterou by bylo zapotřebí na zvláště chráněných územích v budoucnosti prosadit.
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Zvýšení podílu přírodě blízké porostní složky ekosystému lesa velkoplošných chráněných území: Strategie managementů území se zvláštním statutem ochrany (metodika řešení)
Mendelova zemědělská a lesnická univerzita v Brně, Lesnická a dřevařská fakulta, Brno ; Víteček, Petr ; Vacek, Stanislav ; Skoupý, Alois ; Podrázský, Vilém ; Mrkva, Radomír ; Minx, Tomáš ; Matějík, Miroslav ; Kalousek, František ; Jankovský, Libor ; Čermák, Petr ; Buček, Antonín ; Adolt, Radim ; Simon, Jaroslav
Sborník obsahuje rozbor problematiky a vlastní metodiku. Rozbor problematiky: 1. Potenciál živinových zásob a jejich vývoje ve vztahu ke změnám biodiverzity a při uplatnění speciální fytotechniky. 2. Tlející dřevo a přirozená obnova lesních ekosystémů ve zvláště chráněných územích. 3. Vliv zvěře na rozvoj přirozené obnovy lesních ekosystémů. 4. Pěstební management v lesích se zvláštním statutem ochrany (obecná východiska). Vlastní metodika: 1. Základní strategie řešení. 2. Výběr ploch a jejich stabilizace v terénu. 3. Speciální parametry ploch, měřené veličiny. 4. Stanovení potenciálu živinových zásob a jejich změn v závislosti na změnách biodiverzity a na formě managementu. 5. Posouzení významu tlejícího dřeva pro přirozenou obnovu lesa 6. Stanovení managementu zvěře ve vztahu k přirozené obnově. 7. Rámcové zásady pro odvození pěstebního managementu – sledovaná hlediska. 8. Hodnocení úrovně přiblížení cílovému stavu. 9. Multikriteriální posouzení volby technologií. 10. Hodnocení ekonomických parametrů jednotlivých strategií managementu.
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