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Isolation and Characterization of Protoplasts and their Utilization for Model Membrane
Nováková, Kateřina ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šestáková, Ivana ; Langmaier, Jan ; Heyrovský, Michael ; Zámečníková, B. ; Vodičková, H.
Protoplasts are prepared form plant cells by removing their cell walls, which are usually destroyed mechanically or by enzymes. Protoplasts exhibit the spherical shape after removing of their cell walls. They can be isolated from a range of plant tissues: leaves, stems, roots, anthers, and even pollen. Plasmatic membranes surrounding protoplasts can be used as a source of model membranes. Therefore, some parts of plasmatic membranes or subcellular organelle membranes, which contain specific transport systems, can be isolated and integrated to model phospholipid membranes. State of such model membranes can be characterized by electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) and the transported species can be determined with the use of voltammetric methods.
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Characterization of Liposomes Used as Model System of Biological Membranes by Glassy Carbon Electrode
Parisová, Martina ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šestáková, Ivana ; Barek, J.
This contribution deals with study and characterization of liposomes. These vesicles may serve as model membranes used for study of transporting processes of heavy metal ions across the real phospholipid membranes (PLMs). 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine was used for the formation of large unilamellar vesicles (LUV). These vesicles were prepared by hydration method. Interactions of cadmium ions with LUV in solution have been characterized using voltammetry, where glassy carbon electrode was used as the working electrode. Size and presence of liposomes in sample was proved by dynamic light scattering and free cadmium ions in samples were determined by differential pulse voltammetry.
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Artificial phospholipid membranes as models of real membranes and transport of charged particles across them
Parisová, Martina ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šestáková, Ivana ; Kohlíková, E. ; Petr, M.
Because the real bio-membranes and the tranporting processes realized across them are very complicated, the model membranes have been used for elucidation of the basic transporting steps. In the contribution, the different possibilities of characterization, description, and elucidation of the transport processes on the example of some metal ions and theor complexes, i.e., of cadmium, lead, and copper, were presented. It summarizes the results achieved using supported phospholipid model membranes formed on porous membranes and on agar support. Discussed transporting processes of selected ions have been characterized using two electrochemical methods: electrochemical impendance spectrometry (EIS) and voltammetry. The impact of some parameters on these systems and processes was investigated.
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Zlomky ve výuce matematiky
ŠESTÁKOVÁ, Ivana
Diplomová práce je souborem znalostí týkajících se vývoje zlomků a jejich zavedení v hodinách matematiky na základní škole. Teoretická část je zaměřena na historii, vlastnosti zlomků a početní operace s nimi. Uvádím zde také možnosti výskytu problémů a složitostí při výuce tohoto tématu. V praktické části se zabývám úrovní znalostí dané tématiky na 1. a 2. stupni základní školy a to konkrétně v 5. a 7. ročníku ZŠ, ZUŠ a MŠ Ledenice. Dále testuji znalosti žáků 2. ročníku víceletého gymnázia v České ulici v Českých Budějovicích. Součástí mé diplomové práce je část věnovaná příkladům vztahujícím se k dané problematice. Jedná se o příklady, které by mohly sloužit k procvičování, prohlubování nebo osvojování učiva. Příklady jsou určeny pro studenty základních škol, případně nižších ročníků víceletých gymnázií a učitele matematiky.
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