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The usage of qi gong for training of perceiving body schema
Pospíšilová, Eva ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Véle, František (referee)
Title: The usage of qi-gong for training of perceiving body schema Summary: The goal of the work is to prove the presence of alpha activity in the electroencencefalographic record throughout the duration of the exercise qi-gong with open eyes and closed eyes, and to evaluate changes in the distribution of the scalp alpha activity with native EEG before and after the exercise. The observed research file was created from five probands between the ages of twenty-seven to fifty-two, which all practiced qi-gong for a duration of at least twelve months. The results showed the presence of alpha activity during exercising qi-gong with closed eyes in four probands, and in three probands there was also a present alpha activity during the exercise of qi-gong with open eyes. Furthermore was proven that the change in distribution of alpha activity during exercise of qi-gong with open eyes was from parietooccipital regions going temporo-frontally in comparison with the exercise of qi- gong with closed eyes and native EEG before and after exercise. The acquired results support in literature the described change of generators of alpha activity localized in the deeper structures of the brain. This process is connected with the decreased activity of the cerebral cortex with an increase in the particular limbic structures....
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Adenylate cyclase toxin of bacteria Bordetella pertussis: mechanism of potassium efflux from macrophages
Pospíšilová, Eva ; Mašín, Jiří (advisor)
The adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (ACT or CyaA) is a key virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis, the agent of the human respiratory disease whooping cough. CyaA penetrates phagocytes expressing the CD11b/CD18 integrin and exhibits two different activities. One toxin conformer oligomerizes in cell membrane and permeabilizes it by forming small cation-selective pores. Another toxin conformer appears to act as monomer. It forms a calcium influx path in the membrane, concomitantly with translocating into cells the adenylate cyclase enzyme domain that binds calmodulin and catalyzes unregulated conversion of cytosolic ATP into cAMP. We show here that CyaA causes efflux of K+ from CD11b+ cells by a mechanism that requires binding of CyaA to integrin CD11b/CD18 and permeabilization of the cellular membrane by pore-forming conformer of CyaA. Intact CyaA and the enzymatically inactive CyaA-AC- toxoid unable to generate cAMP produced the same kinetics of K+ efflux showing that elevation or signaling of cAMP had no role in this activity. The truncated CyaA variant (CyaA-AC) devoid of its invasive AC domain failed to promote K+ efflux despite a normal pore forming activity on erythrocyte and artificial membranes. However, binding of the MAb 3D1, which recognizes the distal segment of the AC domain...
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Pospíšilová, Eva ; Paleček, Jiří (advisor) ; Kršiak, Miloslav (referee) ; Rokyta, Richard (referee)
Tissue injury leads to increased sensitivity to noxious and innocuous stimuli due to mechanisms of peripheral sensitisation of primary nociceptors and central sensitization of neurons in the spinal dorsal horns. The subpopulation of capsaicin - sensitive sensory neurons plays an important role in this process. The capsaicin - sensitive neurons express capsaicin TRPV1 receptors (transient receptor potential 1) on their peripheral and central terminals, local high concentration capsaicin treatment can induce regional destruction of these endings. It is well estabilished that TRPV1 receptors play the key role in neural transmission of nociceptive information and its modulation. The aims of this study were to investigate the role of capsaicin - sensitive primary afferent fibers and the involvement of peripheral and central TRPV1 receptors in the development of hypersensitivity after surgical tissue trauma, to test the effect of high concentration capsaicin and the specific TRPV1 antagonist treatment on postoperative pain and to enlighten the function of central TRPV1 receptors in the neural mechanisms of nociception. Using behavioral testing methods, the responses to mechanical (Von Frey filaments) and thermal stimuli (radiant heat source) were tested on the rat plantar incision model of surgical pain...
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Adenylate cyclase toxin of bacteria Bordetella pertussis: mechanism of potassium efflux from macrophages
Pospíšilová, Eva ; Konopásek, Ivo (referee) ; Mašín, Jiří (advisor)
The adenylate cyclase toxin-hemolysin (ACT or CyaA) is a key virulence factor of Bordetella pertussis, the agent of the human respiratory disease whooping cough. CyaA penetrates phagocytes expressing the CD11b/CD18 integrin and exhibits two different activities. One toxin conformer oligomerizes in cell membrane and permeabilizes it by forming small cation-selective pores. Another toxin conformer appears to act as monomer. It forms a calcium influx path in the membrane, concomitantly with translocating into cells the adenylate cyclase enzyme domain that binds calmodulin and catalyzes unregulated conversion of cytosolic ATP into cAMP. We show here that CyaA causes efflux of K+ from CD11b+ cells by a mechanism that requires binding of CyaA to integrin CD11b/CD18 and permeabilization of the cellular membrane by pore-forming conformer of CyaA. Intact CyaA and the enzymatically inactive CyaA-AC- toxoid unable to generate cAMP produced the same kinetics of K+ efflux showing that elevation or signaling of cAMP had no role in this activity. The truncated CyaA variant (CyaA-AC) devoid of its invasive AC domain failed to promote K+ efflux despite a normal pore forming activity on erythrocyte and artificial membranes. However, binding of the MAb 3D1, which recognizes the distal segment of the AC domain...
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Nursing practices internal medicine in context with the development.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Eva
Nursing methods are understood as a collection of knowledge and instructions about how to perform nursing in order to achieve the most effective nursing care. It's not a set of fixed rules. Their development relies on the development of medicine and technology. They are in accordance with medicinal and technological knowledge. The goal of this thesis is to map the development of certain nursing methods in internal departments from the second half of the 19th century to the present day. It has been a qualitative research carried out by studying and analyzing written documents. This thesis was based on searching, sorting and consequent processing of historical archived publications and contemporary professional sources related to this topic. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the history of nursing. It contains a brief description of the beginning of nursing along with the factors which have influenced nursing. Foundations of modern nursing have formed thanks to Florence Nightingale, who also influenced the development of nursing in the Czech lands. The history of Czech nursing is mostly concentrated around the period of the world wars. The second part is dedicated to specific nursing activities concerning healthy living spaces, rooms for patients, patients? beds and their modifications, care of patients? hygiene and monitoring the vital functions. The timeframe begins at the first half of the 19th century due to the establishment of real nursing professions at that time. Individual stages are ten years long. They indicate complex development of specific nursing methods from their beginnings to the present day. Mapping the historical development of certain nursing methods can contribute to the modern nurse's work. Past knowledge can help them to avoid mistakes and use of outdated methods. My thesis may also lead to a reflection of current methods, which may be replaced by more advanced ones.
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Digitizing of public screennings
Pospíšilová, Eva ; Danielis, Aleš (advisor) ; Vítek, Petr (referee)
The master diploma thesis ?Digitizing of Public Screenings? deals with the forthcoming digitisation of film distribution. It tries to monitor the present ?transitional? period and to describe the course of the imminent change in the upcoming years. Its aim is to familiarise the readers with the basic concepts used in the digital cinema in the most comprehensible way. It compares the digital and classical film projection while describing their technological and economical advantages and disadvantages. It describes technical parameters of the currently available digital projection devices, the likely development thereof, and the new 3D digital technologies. It deals with new norms imposed by the American initiative ?Digital Cinema Initiatives?, and the French ?AFNOR?. Finally, it compares the already functioning transition from the classical film distribution towards digital forms in the USA, trying to present possible transition models for Europe, where conditions are different.
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Prevention of immobilization syndrome in patients with extension.
POSPÍŠILOVÁ, Eva
Abstract More and more up-to date equipment in the health-care sector makes the treatment of fractures possible, especially by means of surgery. However, not every patient is indicated for surgery. Even today, we can see a patient with the extension at the standard and intensit care units. Therefore, nurses must know how to take care of this patient and how to prevent the risk of immobilization syndrome in patient with extension that may cause many serious complications. The aims of this study were to identify the negative factors affecting a development of the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension, to compare the differences in the use of immobilization devices to prevent the immobilization syndrome in a patient with the extension at the standard and intensive care unit and to determine whether patients with extension are familiar with possibility of the immobilization syndrome. Four hypotheses have been defined. In the first hypothesis we assumed that inconveniently selected positioning affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was confirmed. Inconveniently selected positioning is most often involved in the immobilization syndrome. In the second hypothesis we assumed that inconvenient hygienic care affected the emergence of the immobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The insufficient hygienic care affects a development of the immobilization syndrome. In the third hypothesis we assumed that the intensive care unit used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. This hypothesis was also confirmed. The intensive care units used more up-to-date equipment to take care of a patinet with the extension compared to the standard unit. In the fourth hypothesis we assumed that patients with extension had no information about the possibility of the imobilization syndrome. This hypothesis was disproved. The patients with the extension are informed about the possibility of the immobilization syndrome. The nurses at the standard and intensive care units in Hospital České Budějovice, a.s. (PLC) and Military Hospital Olomouc were asked to be a research sample. Data were collected by the quantitative exploration method using anonymous questionnaires. In total 110 questionnaires were distributed of which 68 were used for the final evalution. The remainig questionnaires had to be withdrawn from the investigation because they were completed insufficiently by the nurses. This study could help to supplement the educational material for patients with the extension and to increase the knowledge of the nurses in the area of care of such patient.
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