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St. Augustine's conversions
Dobrodenková, Monika ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
The primary focus of this dissertation is on plural of St. Augustine's conversion. It deal with his intellectual conversion to Platonism and Neoplatonism, his conversion of the will and his conversion to Christianity. The dissertation seek to explore the topic of St. Augustine's conversions in philosophical and psychological perspective.
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Maimonides: Evil and Divine Providence
Fischerová, Ester ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Válová, Dita (referee)
This thesis is concerned with a problem of evil and Divine providence in Maimonides' work Guide for the Perplexed. At first the author list through important philosophical sources of this work and consequently comes up with possible paths of interpreting it as a whole according to Leo Strauss and Marvin Fox. Then author's focus shifts towards specific text passages in which Maimonides specifically elaborates evil and Divine providence. After that, this thesis lists various types of providence, types of evil and diferentiates between two theories of providence in Maimonides' thought. Finally author analyses different ways to interpret these text passages and in the end she makes an effort to unify those two theories od Divine providence using Fox's method of interpretation. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Jesus in the Koran; with Regards to Islamic As Well As Christian Traditions and the Person of Virgin Mary
Hemala, Jan ; Jandejsek, Petr (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
Different perception of the person of Jesus Christ remains to be among the most frequent and challenging questions of the dialogue between Christianity and Islam. Intention of this work is therefore to introduce at least basic elements of qur'ānic christology, i. e. the peculiar "word" of the Qur'ān about identity and mission of Jesus. It follows the fascinating process by which one religious tradition or culture adopted and assimilated the towering figure of another tradition and embraced it in its own conceptions of history of prophecy and of revelation from God. It further compares controversial attitudes of the Qur'ān (and let us say of Islam generally), such as refutation of Christian dogmas of the divinity of Jesus or the Holy Trinity, with creeds and statements of Christian christology; it devotes special attention to the person and story of Virgin Mary either. Within its explanation the work attempts to search out eventual origins or sources of the specific Islamic appreciation of Jesus, especially in Christian, canonical or apocryphal traditions. To emphasize the significance which is attributed to the mission of Jesus by Islamic orthodoxy and ordinary believers the essay refers also to the perspectives and narrations of later Islamic tradition which embellishes and elaborates qur'ānic indications...
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Teresa of Jesus: Interior Castle
Kutarňová, Kateřina ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Halík, Tomáš (referee)
Teresa of Jesus: Interior Castle Kateřina Kutarňová Diploma thesis Abstract This thesis seeks to understand the most important text of Teresa of Jesus -'Interior Castle' which is considered one of the most important books of Spanish mysticism. This understanding should be achieved by using both theological and phenomenologico- hermenutical commentaries. The main topics of this thesis are religious and mystical experience, mystical transformation and intersubjectivity. Motivated by the possibility of gaining the understanding of the text as a whole, I firstly try to present the meaning of particular chapters. The Interior Castle leads from incorrect/false understanding (of one's self, reality and God) to the right or true one. This true understanding is made possible by reaching the mystical marriage between God and man based on full and conscious living of their mutual, intersubjective relationship. The reaching of mystical intersubjectivity provides the possibility of transgressing from knowing the reality as it appears to be to knowing the reality as it is. Keywords Teresa of Jesus; Teresa of Avila; Interior Castle; Christianity; Religious Experience; Mystical Experience; Mysticism; Mystical Transformation; Intersubjectivity; Frohlich Mary; Lonergan Bernard; Ahlgren Gillian; Steinbock Anthony
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Kierkegaard, Levinas and religion
Neužil, Ondřej ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Matějčková, Tereza (referee)
The subject of this bachelor's thesis is comparison of Søren Kierkegaard and Emmanuel Levinas with focus on religion. The initial dispute between these authors is the relationship between ethics and religion. While for Kierkegaard is ethics just a "stop" on the path to faith and can be even suspended, for Levinas it is absolutely crucial and religion is not possible without it. Despite this dispute, I try to open the way towards the comparison of the two authors. There can be seen simirality of their thoughts under their different concepts. The first part of the thesis deals with the problems of this comparison, briefly describes the biography and also discusses the way Levinas reads Kierkegaard's work. The body of the thesis is devoted to the three points. The first is the conflict between religion and ethics. The thesis focuses not only on the analysis and consequencis of this conflict, but it also reflects the way, in which both authors work with these concepts. The next chapter then focuses on the biblical commandment to love your neighbor. It shows that they agree on the understanding of this commandment as a duty. However, they differ in whether the originator of this commandment is God or Other, that is man. The last part is devoted to the comparison of the concept of God in their thinking....
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Authority and apostasy: the Barcelona disputation in the context of thirteenth-century Jewish-Christian polemics
Žonca, Milan ; Boušek, Daniel (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
The present work examines the Barcelona disputation of 1263 between Namanides and Friar Paul Christian in the context of Jewish-Christian thirteenth-century polemics. The text considers far-reaching changes in Christian "hermeneutical image" of a Jew in the course of the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, and attempts to connect them with the deteriorating situation of western Jewry in that period. Analyzing the Barcelona disputation itself, this work concentrates on two most distinctive traits of thirteenth-century polemics: the activity of apostates and questioning the legitimacy of Jewish post-biblical textual and communal authorities. Looking closely at the ways these questions were addressed by the participants, it is suggested that internal Jewish issues, such as the quest for correct interpretation of Talmudic aggadah or power struggles for authority influenced, through the mediation of apostates like Paul Christian, the polemical methodology and anti-Jewish imagery of medieval Christians in that period. It also suggests that Namanides, on the other hand, was in his polemical narrative not only refuting Christian claims, but trying to offer a commentary on contemporary Jewish questions as well.
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Minhagic tradition of Cochin Jews
Nováková, Josefína ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Ondračka, Lubomír (referee)
This work focuses on the Jewish community which settled in South Western Indian region of Malabar Coast and the town of Cochin. Although it's uncertain when the community actually formed, it has been proven that it had spent at least one millennium in India. During this time the Jews adapted to the local environment through the appropriation of certain cultural customs. According to some researchers, this adaptation was to take place (save for one exception) in accordance with the Jewish normative law halakha , only through the so-called minhagic tradition. In this work I explore the rigidity of categories of halakhic and minhagic tradition in the context of the Cochin Jewish community. I focus mainly on the holidays of Passover, Simchat Torah and the division of the community into internal endogamous subgroups, likely following the example of Indian castes. I describe the form of these customs before and after the migration to Israel, which took place en masse in the second half of the 20th century. Based on the description of customs transformation and their categorization into halakhically correct or incorrect, I try to outline how these categories are contextual and variable. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Buddhism in Jewish Religious Texts 18th - 21st Century
Weiss, Aleš ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Hošek, Pavel (referee) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
This dissertation analyzes Jewish religious views of Buddhism in a broad historical perspective, from the end of 18th century down to the present. Through an analysis of Jewish religious texts, it shows the ways Buddhism has been contextualized and tries to uncover Buddhism's role in modern Judaism. From these texts Buddhism emerges as 1) a tool of polemics and self-definition, 2) a form of spirituality fully compatible with Judaism, and 3) a competitor of Judaism, endangering its social and ideological integrity. While Jewish religious views of Christianity and Islam have been dealt with extensively in the academic literature, the role of Buddhism in various forms of modern Judaism has been either completely overlooked or at best reduced to the JUBU phenomenon. This dissertation aims to help fill this gap.
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Conception of Czechoslovak Jews' Identity in Židovská ročenka (1954-1968)
Šebestová, Markéta ; Holý, Jiří (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
Bc. Markéta Šebestová: Conception of Czechoslovak Jews' Identity in Židovská ročenka (1954-1968) Abstract This thesis is concerned with Židovská ročenka (Jewish Yearbook, JY), mostly literary periodical published by Rada židovských náboženských obcí v zemích České a Morav- skoslezské (Council of Jewish Religious Communities in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia), during the 1950s and 1960s. Main subject of the thesis are the contents of JY, which I set in historical social, political and ideological context. In the thesis I concern myself with question, how image of Czechoslovak Jews provided by JY corresponds to the structure of contemporary Jewish community. Further I inquire, whether and how JY reflects the official limitation of Jewish identity solely to religious denomination. I also address question, how are represented relations of the Czechoslovak Jews to majority culture, especially Czech, and to the German culture, which historically constituted minority in the Czech lands. I concern myself with the presentation of Shoah, which was most linked to official ideological concerns. I also inquire about the diversity of artistic representations of the Shoah, included in JY. I conclude, that in correspondence with general gradual loosening of ideological pressure JY presents the variety of Czechoslovak Jewish...
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Exodus as the Root Experience of Jewish Universalism
Senft, Lukáš ; Lyčka, Milan (advisor) ; Žonca, Milan (referee)
This paper focuses on the philosophy of Ahad Ha-Am. Ha-Am is usually considered as a political thinker, however he dealt with judaism in many of his essays. I attempt to systematize his thesis on religion - my intention is to formulate a coherent summary of Ahad Ha-Am's philosophy of judaism. I analyze his conception of Moses as a key figure to the understanding of a jewish identity. The cultural memory seems as a very important part of Ha-Am's philosophical approach - it helps to hold the memory of Exodus and memory of prophetic ideal of universal justice, these memories have been shaping and preserving a jewish identity across history. Ha-Am's conception of religion is not easy to define which makes it deeply challenging for religious studies: it connects a political agenda with religious tradition, mythology with positivism, and it tries to sublime a particular nationalism into universal humanism. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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