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Analysis of the effect of chosen variables on divorce rate
Růžičková, Zuzana ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Rod, Aleš (referee)
The theory of divorce assumes that certain factors are partly responsible for an increase in divorce rate, with most of the literature focusing on the effect of an increase in women's earnings. The goal of my thesis is to estimate the effect of women's earnings as well other variables on the divorce rate in the Czech Republic, using the data from 1995-2008. As other variables the following were chosen: men's earnings, presence of children in marriage, employment of women in managerial positions and in agriculture, and higher education of women. First the effect of each variables on divorce rate by using the method of ordinary least squares is estimated, then the effect of chosen variables by using the method of successive elimination of variables with the highest p-value is analyzed. Positive effect of women's earnings and negative effect of higher education on divorce rate was proved.
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Dynamický model prokrastinace
Vraný, Martin ; Bartoň, Petr (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
The thesis presents a formal model of intertemporal decision problem of working on a task for distant reward which depends on the number of periods the subject actually spends working, where the subject faces varying opportunity costs of working each period before the deadline. Three psychologically plausible causes of procrastination are incorporated into the model as transformations of the decision problem. In order to assess a hypothesis that procrastination is an evolved and stable habit, the third transformation renders the model dynamic in that past decisions and circumstances affect the present. The model is first explored via qualitative analysis and simulations are performed to further reveal its functionality.
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Causality between money and economic growth in Czech republic
Krhovský, Karel ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
The aim of this work is to explore in the spirit of Monetary Economics various correlations and links between economic growth on the one hand and monetary aggregate M2, credits, government spending and interest rates on the other hand. Using macro-economic aggregates and statistical methods in empirical verification of selected assumptions, however, indirectly we get to the heart of the dispute on its own methodology in economics. Leaned to Milton Friedman's methodological positivism on quarterly data related to CR in the period 1996 - 2008 we will seek to determine to what extent and whether economic growth is affected by excessive monetary expansion and growth of debt. Therefore, the extent to which money was served as a source of economic growth. The data confirmed the expected dependence of GDP on cash variables, however, in transforming the data on first-order difference was the explained variation of models not too high. Inclusion of interest rates in the multiple regression model, the model did not increase the quality and the correlation between economic growth and it has not been demonstrated.
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Are football players predictable?
Pilmaier, Jan ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Janíčko, Martin (referee)
This paper deals with the question, whether football players choose optimal strategies in penalty kicks. On the data from the Czech Gambrinus league in the years 2006 - 10 I test whether players act in accordance with mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium. I predict probabilities of single actions and expected pay-offs for 3x3 and 2x2 games. For comparing results I use the methods of absolute differences, squared differences (Azar, Bar-Eli, 2009) and difference between expected pay-off and average scoring probability. I also test data by hypotheses from minimax theory, which was used by Chiappori, Levitt and Groseclose in 2002. The final probabilities of single actions are not close to predictions, but values of differences are close to those expected. From 5 hypotheses I confirm 3 and I reject 2. Hence I conclude that players did not behave according to minimax.
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Důvody odporu legalizace trhu s lidskými orgány
Pavelková, Soňa ; Šťastný, Daniel (advisor) ; Hudík, Marek (referee)
This paper is aiming at finding out, whether the reasons of aversion to organ trade legalization are more a moral issue or the aversion is caused by people being uninformed or misinformed. Accordingly, a survey aimed at four target groups (medical professionals, students, patients and donors) was done in the Czech Republic. The results showed that the aversion is mostly caused by lack of information about the possibility of organ trade legalization, however moral issue seemed not to be a major problem for the legalization.
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Earn more attractive people more money?
Šika, Jiří ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Potužák, Pavel (referee)
The aim of this work is to find out, whether more attractive people have higher earnings than people which are less attractive, other things equal. The work consists of experiment conducted at a gas station in a small town with a group of twelve people, that were divided by questionnaire to "handsome" and "plain". Afterwards these people washed windshields of cars. Apart from earnings (based on "pay what you want" system) and baeuty of these people I examined also gender and age of customers. Results of the experiment show, that more attractive people really earned more money than people marked as plain.
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Analysis of the behavior and decision-making of the Dutch auction and the ascending auction with one price of homogeneous product
Svatošová, Ludmila ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Svoboda, Miroslav (referee)
This work deals with the behavior and decision making of players in the English auction with homogeneous goods. To analyze the behavior and decision making, laboratory experiment was conducted. It contains the description and analysis of laboratory experiment, which was carried out for the purposes of this thesis. The fundamental question that this work tries to answer is whether the frequency of the optimal price varies according to auction environment and whether, in all environments the choice of optimal strategy prevails. The experiment used three types of environments, each of them is characterized by a different probability distribution of values. Analysis produced as follows: first in each auction round the optimal prices was determineds and then it was compared to the price actually achieved. Based on this analysis it was found that the frequency of optimal price choices doesn't differs significantly depending on the environment. However , the optimal price was achieved only in very few rounds of the auction.
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Analysis of the impact of some macroeconomic indicators on the suicide rate
Pešatová, Martina ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Mirvald, Michal (referee)
This work answers a question whether there is a relationship between a suicide rate and a real GDP as an indicator of business cycle, and an unemployment rate in the Czech Republic. Some other variables are also used in the analysis, because the suicide rate can be influenced by many other factors. The relationship between the real GDP and the suicide rate was not proved and the relationship between the suicide rate and the unemployment is unclear. But dependence of the suicide rate on the alcohol consumption and a proportion of elderly population were identified.
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Are programs for minimization of Roma unemployment in the Czech Republic effective?
Neumann, Daniel ; Hudík, Marek (advisor) ; Brožová, Dagmar (referee)
This thesis analyzes whether programs for minimization of Roma unemployment in the Czech Republic are effective. Based on the data and analysis of these programs I could conclude that these programs are not effective. I arrived at this conclusion by means of calculating the costs for allocation of one Roma into employment compared with the costs which would be expended by the state in a period of one year when this person would be unemployed. Because average costs expended by all the analyzed projects exceeded costs, which would be normally expended, it was possible to declare these projects as inefficient. On the basis of ascertained inefficiency of projects for decreasing Roma unemployment this thesis tries to detect possible reasons why is this unemployment so high. This thesis shows the erroneous settings of the social benefits system, which demotivates to work. It contains complex information about barriers of access of Roma ethnics to the local labour market, which have influence on high Roma unemployment. The first part contains information necessary for aquirementing a brief summary about this issue. We will get knowledge of how the Roma unemployment has been developing since the Velvet revolution and we will find out how many Roma people use the instruments of active labour market policy and which role do these instruments play in the search for employment for Roma people. The main part is focused on analysis of the efficiency of programs for minimization of Roma unemployment. It contains the description of instruments and arrangements, which could help to solve the high level of Roma unemployment. The whole work contains both data from public resources and information gained from interviews with specialists dealing with Roma unemployment.
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