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Legal Forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945 in comparison with the occupied Netherlands
Mamrilla, Filip ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
Legal Forms of persecution of citizens in the Protectorate 1939-1945 in comparison with the occupied Netherlands In 1939, Czechoslovakia was destroyed by Nazi Germany without a single shot. Less than a year later, the Netherlands was conquered by the German army in the course of Blitzkrieg in the West. Both countries remained under occupation for almost six years, while their citizens faced an unprecedented persecution. Since these countries share a lot of commonalities, concerning size of their territory, wartime development and the form of occupation, they proved to be an ideal example to provide the comparison of the Nazi occupation regime in Western and Eastern Europe. Bohemia and Moravia joined the Reich as a protectorate, an institute of international public law that was very rare in the European context. Kingdom of Netherlands was transformed into so-called Reichskommisariat, a provisional arrangement that was supposed mainly to maintain public order in order to secure the industrial production. In the first place, this thesis trying to describe the distinction that the Nazis were making between occupied territories in the West and in the East in terms of ideology, because it greatly affected their approach to these countries and the intensity of the repression. The Netherlands was perceived by Nazi...
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The legal status of the german minority in Czechoslovakia in the years 1918 - 1939
Reindl, Martin ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Adamová, Karolina (referee)
The thesis deals with the legal status of the national minorities in the territory of Czechoslovak Republic in the years 1918 - 1939 and especially focuses on the german minority, which was the largest and most important national minority in Czechoslovakia. Thesis contains the analysis of the relevant international treaties, national laws and judgments of the highest courts of Czechoslovakia, which determined the legal status of the members of national minorities. Its purpose is to reach to concrete conclusions based on critical analysis of the legal documents and form an objective view on the examined issue. The result of the research is particularly the conclusion, that although the Czechoslovak Republic provided to the members of the national minorities a relatively broad catalog of fundamental constitutional rights, these rights were not always consistently applied and were often inhibited by issuing of implementing regulations. Key words: Czechoslovakia - minority - Germans - right - statute - regulation - language - nationality
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Legal forms of persecution of citizens of Protectorate in 1939 - 1945
Tauš, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
Das in der Diplomarbeit behandelte Thema sowohl unsere nicht längst vergangene Historie sind nicht nur wegen aktueller politischen Situation zu erinnern. Das heutige tschechische Rechtsordnung und Demokratie hält man nämlich für eine Selbstverständlichkeit. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus dem die Verwaltungs- und Verfassungsrahmen einleitenden Allgemeinteil, dann folgt eine Beschreibung von den konkreten Aspekten der nazistischen Okkupation. Meinem Erachten nach sind einige Aspekte oder Themen viel konkreter zu beschreiben, vor allem die Judenverfolgung, Reinhard Heydrich und Gestapo. Einer der Hauptbeiträgen dieser Diplomarbeit stellt die sich einem bestimmten Region widmende Kapitole dar. Zuerst muss erwähnt werden, dass die staatliche Form "Protektorat" überhaupt nicht dem Wesen der Regierung auf dem seitens Deutschen Reiches im Jahre 1939 gewonnenen Gebiet entspricht. Diese staatliche Form diente nämlich nicht nur einer absoluten wirtschaftlichen Ausnutzung von ökonomischen und menschlichen Ressourcen, sondern auch einer Verfolgung der Menschen wegen ihrer Rasse, politischen Meinung usw. Die Staatsbürger wurden einer neuen Ordnung unterworfen, überall zu finden waren Angst, Hinrichtungen, Drohungen. Abgesehen davon sank bedeutsam das Lebensniveau, wobei die Leute aus der heutigen Sicht unglaublich...
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Political trials in the 1950s in Czechoslovakia (the case of Babice)
Jíša, Jan ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Skřejpková, Petra (referee)
Political Trials of 1950s in Czechoslovakia - Babice Case The goal of this thesis is to describe political trials in wider context and discuss in detail about one of the greatest trials- Babice trial. In the present thesis is mapped political- history development in postwar Czechoslovakia until the revolution in 1948, analysis of key legal norms adopted after the February based on which was possible to hold political trials, classification of political trials and detailed analysis of Babice trial. The thesis is systematically divided into three chapters. The first chapter splits into two subheads. In the first subheads is discussed the political situation in postwar Czechoslovakia, formation of the first postwar government and gradual take-over by Communist Party which culminated into coup d'état in February 1948. The second subhead is dedicated to major changes in legal order and justice where was the most important that norms which was the basis for holding of political trials. The second chapter contains the characteristic of political trials, description of generation mechanism, incl. authority which has crucial impact on their actions, followed by the division of political trials according to involved groups of people. The most extensive part of whole thesis is third chapter where is analysed...
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Comparison of the general civil code and civil law in Slovakia between 1918 and 1938 (matrimonial law, law of inheritance, property rights and law of obligations)
Čegan, Petr ; Kindl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Kuklík, Jan (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is a comparison between the private law in Slovakia and General civil code in the field of matrimonial law, law of inheritance, property rights and law of obligations in the period 1918 - 1938. Thesis concentrates not only on General civil code, but also on basics of private law in Slovakia. Thesis also analyzes historical evolution of unification of private law in Czechoslovakia. There is a definition of all compared laws in this thesis. Firstly General civil code is approached. Secondly differences with private law in Slovakia are defined. Thesis also describes the issue of confrontation between General civil code and private law in Slovakia. Finally this work concentrates on the comparison between General civil code in Czechoslovakia and Civil code from 2012.
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The criminal procedure law recodification from 1948 to 1950
Bláhová, Ivana ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Gřivna, Tomáš (referee) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of this dissertation work is to analyze the progress of recodification works during the so-called two-year legal plan, this being illustrated on preparations of the Criminal Procedure Code. The conclusions can be applied to contemporary efforts of recodification of the Criminal Procedure Code - especially from the organisational and material point of view. The first part of the paper deals with the state of criminal procedure law in Czechoslovakia before the commencement of the two-year legal plan and with the recodification attempts between 1918 and 1947. The next chapter describes the two-year legal plan, its announcement, development, organisation of work and results. It is followed by a chapter devoted to the preparation of the Criminal Procedure Code itself. This part analysis the activities of the Ministry of Justice in this respect, the codification department of the Ministry of Justice, its codification committee and subcommittees. In 1949 the subcommittees drafted a fundamental bill that served as a basis for the preparation of the outline of the Criminal Procedure Code elaborated at the beginning of 1950. This dissertation also provides a detailed analysis of the legislative process and an overview of influences of the organs of the communist party on the final version of the...
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Constitutional development in England - from the outset to the 17th century
Bahylová, Kateřina ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Seltenreich, Radim (referee)
Constitutional development in England - from the outset to the 17th century The purpose of my thesis is to analyse the constitutional development in England from the fifth century to the beginning of the seventeenth century and it attempts to give a comprehensible and thorough summary of this period. The thesis is composed of ten chapters and its subchapters. The first chapter deals with the anglo-saxon period, which started in the fifth century with the arrival of german tribes to England and it is divided into three subchapters. The first subchapter analyzes not only the general historical development, but also some of the earliest laws of anglo- saxon kings. Second subchapter is concerned with the composition of the main authorities of anglo-saxon state, power of its rulers, officers of the king's court and with the role of the Christian Church, which was very important. The last subchapter focuses on the reign of Edward the Confessor and the enclosure of anglo-saxon period. Next chapter is concerned with the Norman period and it is composed of seven subchapters. These subchapters deal with the laws of William the Conqueror and the Domesday Book, feudalism in England, power of the king, chief officers of the state, organization of authorities of the kingdom, of the courts of law and...
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History of property of the Hluboka branch of Schwarzenberg Family between 1938-1950
Vochozka, Šimon ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Šouša, Jiří (referee)
This thesis analyses the history of the property fund of the Hluboka Schwarzenberg family branch throughout the period of World War 2 up to the consequent years, focused especially on the post-war development. Careful analyses of this question is also about to bring a deeper view of the society's political and sociological setting in the focused period, especially from the point of the view of the consequences accompanying the passing of statute No. 143/1947 Sb., including the proces of its origin itself. A part of the theses also examines the direct impact of the statute to the Schwarzenberg family itself. In my work, the history of the property of the Hluboka branch of the Schwarzenberg family is folowed, up to the moment of the definite integration of the property fund into the socialistic economical system, bringing the destruction of its unity.
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Legal forms of political persecution in the Czechoslovak Republic in the period of communist totalitarian regime
Hlaváček, Radek ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Starý, Marek (referee)
Legal forms of political persecution in the Czechoslovak Republic in the period of communist totalitarian régime This thesis Legal forms of political persecution in the Czechoslovak Republic in the period of communist totalitarian régime is divided into five chapters. In the theoretical part of the thesis (chapter No. 1) the author defines examined period to be between years 1948-1960, defines political persecution as a legal term and desribes the ideological basis of communist law. In the end of this chapter there is a categorisation of legal forms of political persecution that is reflected in the core part of this work. In the second chapter author depicts causes of political persecution in the Czechoslovak Republic in the period of communist totalitarian régime that are based on legal and political developement between years 1945 and 1948. In the scope of this chapter author also offers a general characteristics of the period of so called Third republic. Constitutional developement in the Czechoslovak Republic after second world war and the system of Popular Front of Czechs and Slovaks are also depicted here. This chapter also includes assessment of the constitutional system of the Czechoslovak Republic between years 1948 and 1960 and of the political situation in the years 1945-1948. The...
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Forming of Socialdemocratic Post-February Exile (1948-1953)
Horák, Pavel ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Burešová, Jana (referee) ; Kuklík jun., Jan (referee)
HORÁK, Pavel, Počátky poúnorového sociálnědemokratického exilu (1948-1953) [Forming of socialdemocratic post-February exile (1948-1953)], Praha, Karlova univerzita, Filozofická fakulta, Ústav českých dějin, 2014, 392 s. Vedoucí diplomové práce Doc. PhDr. Jana Čechurová, Ph.D. The study aims to answer questions in which way was formed socialdemocratic exile party in the years 1948-1953. It studies who, how and why could have or wanted to have been involved in this process. The topic is viewed from the institutional perspective of an "exile party". It analyses how was the party organised and negotiated. Besides personal stories in the background of refugee everydayness it also looks into what it meant to a be a "social democrat" in "post-February exile" and whether the "exile party" created its own sphere of communicative space for formulating program and various demands and initiatives. The work focuses on the formative period of "exile". It is delimited by the year 1953 which proved a long-term, bipolar character of the world order. The hypothesis is the statement that the "exile socialdemocratic party" was formed in the frame of Czechoslovakian post-February migration as an institution which was creating its own communication, social and migration networks based on specific criteria. At the same...
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