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Martin Luther and Filip Melanchton and their impact on the formation of Confessio Augustana
Brdlíková, Kateřina ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
This work deals two leading authorities of german reformation, Martin Luther and Philipp Melanchton. It focuses especially on some differences in their theological confessions and in their writings and then on symptoms of humanism phenomenon in the task of the both actors. The most important compendium of their teaching is Confessio Augustana and its' Apology. Its' author, Philipp Melanchton, expressed here criticism of catholic Church and justified here changes, which were in new protestant Church performed. Interpretation of other writings is intended to explain fundamental princips of lutherian dogmatism.
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St. Adalbert and Poland
Halašková, Stanislava ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Picková, Dana (advisor)
The topic of this Bachelor thesis is the afterlife of Saint Adalbert and his influence on the formation of the early medieval Polish state. The objective of the thesis is to determine the role of Adalbert in the early medieval period in Poland. The first chapter focuses on the life of Saint Adalbert. The main emphasis is placed on events that are essential for the following parts of the Bachelor thesis. The second chapter deals with the cult of Saint Adalbert in Poland and the remaining parts of the Europe that the cult spread into. The third part comprises events relevant to the origin of the archiepiscopate in Gniezno.
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The development of the Catholic Church view on the human rights problems in the 19th and 20th century
Durić Mikolajková, Hana ; Horčička, Václav (referee) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor)
The dissertation describes the development of the Catholic Church's view on the human rights problems during the period form the time of Great French revolution until pontificate of John XXIII. Different perspectives and its views on human rights of every pope are reflected in the encyclics. It is explained in the introduction, that the idea of the human rights was not new to the Catholic Church. It considered human's freedom a gift from God. According to the Catholic Church people had duties towards God and had to listen to him and therefore the Catholic Church was against unlimited freedom during the period of the Enlightenment and Great French revolution. The Catholic Church was afraid of destroying Catholic religion and as a result it was against revolutionary propagation of human rights and modern ideas. Pope Pius IX. announced all modern ideas and new movements as nonsense. There was a change in the approach of Leo XIII. when he started to dedicate to social problems, particularly the social question. His successor Pius X. came back to tradition of Pius IX., who interfered against modernism in the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church was forced by the First World War, totalitarian ideas and the Second World War to protect human being. Pius XI., Pius XII. and John XXIII. stopped talking about human...
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Urban II and the church reform
Bečán, Petr ; Drška, Václav (referee) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor)
The main theme of this bachelors work is an analysis Pope Urban II.'s relation to church reform in the 11th and 12th centuries. The first part outlines the religious-political situation in Western Europe from the 10th century, through beginnings of papal reform to pontificate of Gregory VII. The second chapter describes how two significant reform centres, Reims and Cluny, influenced the development and formation of future pope Urban II.'s character. The third and final chapter is devoted to analysing the importance of Urban's reform councils, the reorganisation of papal administration and other circumstances surrounding the developement of church reform.
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Russian participation at Florence council and refusal of the church union
Linhartová, Monika ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The main topic of the thesis Russian participation at Florence Council and relusal ol tlte CllUrclt Union is negotiation during the Ferrara-Florence Council in 1438-1439 with main focus on impacts of its resolutions on orthodox (eastem) church. I focused above aH on participation of Russian delegation, led by the Kiev and Russian metropolitan Isidor. I tried to explain reasons leading Grand Prince Vasilij II to refuse the church union and to describe aH consequences for Russia that foHowed his refusal. I was looking for the answer whether at aH and if yes to what extent the negative position of Russian ruler influenced further development of Russia. The aim of the thesis was also to find out how the official policy of Vasilij II towards church was perceived by local representatives of Moscow princedom. I was interested in whether they had different positions to ruler's one. I would like to extent this study to most of the orthodox population but it was not possible due to lack of information in available Russian sources.
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Military organization and war activities in the early middle ages and their influence on social changes
Šťastný, Jan ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Drška, Václav (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to describe the development of the Frankish military organization and social changes in the early mediaeval Kingdom of the Franks brought about by this development. The first section describes relations in Gaul at the end of the Roman period and the onset of Frankish infiltration into the territory of the Roman Empire. The focus of interest after the Frankish conquest of Gaul under Clovis is the development of the Frankish military system from the 6th to the beginning of the 9th century. There is a description of the composition of this system and its strengths and weaknesses, and the military achievements of the Merovingian kings and subsequently the Carolingian rulers. A period of great importance is the 8th century, during which there was not only a change of dynasty but also important changes in the Frankish armed forces and society in general. This constituted a decisive step towards the later feudal arrangements in western Europe at the height of the Middle Ages. The final section of the thesis is an analysis of the impacts of these military and organisational changes on contemporary society, with a particular focus on Frankish social elites, which were of very great importance in subsequent developments. This work has been based primarily upon a number of sources of...
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The Ostrogoths and the idea of "renovatio of imperii" in the reign of Justinian I
Adamčík, Petr ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee) ; Picková, Dana (advisor)
The Goths were among the biggest and most important Germanic tribes of the Migration Period. Thanks to their number and combativeness they were able to maintain their unity in two large groups that later formed empires - Visigoth and Ostrogoth. Ostrogoths established themselves as a new large tribe at the time of their sojourn in Pannonia, where they were dominated by the Huns, but because of their advancement and large population they managed to become the co-rulers of the Hun Empire. The second half of the 5th century was decisive for the formation of Ostrogoths' new ethnic territory because Attila's death and the ensuing disintegration of the Hun Empire allowed a single ruler, Thiudimir, succeeded by his son Theodoric the Great, to concentrate control over three Goth groups in his hands. In the 490s Italy was conquered by Ostrogoths, who founded a barbarian kingdom there. The Ostrogothic kingdom became a major political power in the western Mediterranean. Its ruler Theodoric took over the system of govemment and the religious tolerance ofthe defeated Germanic ruler Odoacer. At the end of Theodoric the Greať s rule no power factor in Europe could jeopardize the Gothic Empire surrounded by a system of vassal states.However, Theodoric's successors permitted a disintegration of these links and allowed...
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Victor IV and his successors: Church politics during the Papal Schism (1159-1180)
Strnadová, Kristýna ; Suchánek, Drahomír (advisor) ; Drška, Václav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the politics of Antipope Victor IV and his successors Paschal III, Calixtus III and Innocent III, who were the opponents of Alexander III since the schismatic elections of 1159. The aim is to analyse the political thinking and actions of the antipopes, with an emphasis on the political relations of Victor IV. The thesis is divided into six thematic sections. The first deals with the pre-election developments and the election of 1159 itself. The second considers their position in relation to Alexander III, while the third turns to the papal-imperial policy and examines the relationship between the antipopes and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa. The fourth section discusses the status and relations of the antipopes outside the Holy Roman Empire. The penultimate chapter examines the attitude of the imperial clergy to the pontificates of the antipopes as well as the obedience of the imperial monasteries, according to papal documents. The final chapter constructs biographies of the antipopes, focusing on the period before their pontificates.
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Poverty of the first Franciscan religious buildings on the example of the selected sites in England during the years 1224-1258/1259
Ollé, Martin ; Drška, Václav (advisor) ; Suchánek, Drahomír (referee)
The master thesis is focused on the interpretation of the attitude of Francis of Assisi towards the poverty of the first Franciscan religious buildings. Religious buildings of the English Franciscans from the selected sites from the years 1224-1258/1259 will comprise the case studies. The goal of their study is to show the extent to which they reflected Francis's approach towards poverty of buildings. The study of Francis's understanding of poverty of buildings will be based on the analysis of the chosen written sources of the order's provenance. Besides Thomas of Eccleston, whose work known as Tractatus de adventu fratrum Minorum in Angliam belongs to the most important narrative sources within the examined period, the royal grants for construction and the reports from the sites which were archaeologically excavated will be used for the reconstruction of the character and liturgical function of the first religious buildings of the English Franciscans. A summary of the degree of expression of poverty on the examples of the analyzed religious buildings of the English Franciscans will be the subject of the conclusion of the master thesis.
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Pinnacle of the Saale-Ottonian imperial church system. (Relations between imperium and sacerdotium at the turn of the first and second millennium)
Suchánek, Drahomír ; Picková, Dana (advisor) ; Semotanová, Eva (referee) ; Bláhová, Marie (referee)
Cílem této práce je přispět k diskusi o problémech vztahů imperia a sacerdotia na přelomu 1O. a ll. století a pokusit se na základě zohlednění všech důležitých zdrojů primární i sekundární povahy nalézt adekvátní odpověď na otázku, zda je možné hovořit o existenci systémového budování říšské církve. Tento problém je nahlížen pod úhlem profilujícího a výjimečného postavení panovníka, v němž hrála ústřední roli sakrální praxe saských císařů. Právě zde je totiž do značné míry skryta podstata závěrů a interpretací, skrze něž je nahlíženo celé období soužití světské a duchovní moci. Východiskem bude především období vlády posledních dvou císařů liudolfinské dynastie Oty III. a Jindřicha II., tj. ten úsek dějin, který historická věda vnímá jako dovršení budování královské říšské církve. Ambicí autora je prokázat, že mapované období v sobě zahrnuje prvky zlomu i kontinuity, aniž by nutně musely stát v příkrém protikladu vůči sobě. V tomto ohledu by bylo do jisté míry možné nahlížet otázku po existenci systému říšské církve jako irelevantní a případnou odpověď tak učinit závislou na zvoleném úhlu pohledu. Vedle prvků strukturálních je totiž nutno zohlednit i hlediska osobnostních specifik. V úplnosti tak platí slova německého historika Theodora Schieffera, že člověk ll. století neměl vztah k církvi, ale vždy stál...
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