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Analysis of connectivity of territorial system of Landscape ecological stability in Hradec Králové region
Jebavá, Lucie ; Šímová, Petra (advisor) ; Skaloš, Jan (referee)
The thesis deals with analysis of connectivity of a territorial system of landscape ecological stability in the Hradec Králové region. This area is also famous for its typical agricultural production. The calculations done in software Conefor were counted for three groups of animals with different dispersal possibilities. It was made in several phases. At first, the connectivity of all biocentres was counted then the connectivity without nonfunctional biocentres. In the next step was counted connectivity for three categories of biotopes and the same calculations were made for newly proposed biocentres. The results from software Conefor show that the indicies are not so clear. Also the rate of connectivity in the study area is questionable.
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Change trajectories of wood pastures using landscape metrics
Štěch, Petr ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This work is processed in a form of study on a topic of description of change trajectories in a historical development of woody pastures in selected areas of Moravian Silesian region and Olomouc region, Czech Republic. There were chosen 6 cadastrals of stable cadastral in the study areas. These were studied for the change trajectories between the 19. and 21. century. The analysis were processed in geographic information systems with usage of landscape metric methods. The main goal of this work is description, interpretation and explanation of change trajectories of woody pastures in studied areas. This work also shows the interactions between changes in the landscape and the character of the landscape.
The first part discusses definitions and descriptions of woody pastures in general and also brings the newest information of the studied topic. The main part of this work is the study itself.
The main benefits of this work lies mainly in describtion of the changes in development of the woody pastures in the studied areas. The information and data obtained may contribute to better understanding of the ways of historical development of woody pastures. Obtained data will be used for future studies on a level of whole Czech republic.
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Change trajectories of wood pastures at the landscape level
Marková, Magdaléna ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
The theme of my thesis is analysis and evaluation of development of wood pastures at several locations in the Elbe lowlands from the first half of 19th century up to the present. The area is characterized by its fertility and the large share of arable land.
The data analysis was developed using a geographic information system (GIS). The basic documents were maps and written operate of Stationary cadaster.
The results of the work are map compositions depicting the change trajectories of wood pastures (extinct, continuous and new), graphs show the area of individual trajectories and evaluate the utility of written operate of the Stacionary cadastre.
We have put the obtained information about the natural and social-economic development of the area into context. We got a possible explanation of development, therefore, why the old wooded pastures vanish and new ones arisen elsewhere. Changes of wood pastures were influenced by socio-economic development of the area and probably by distance from a watercourse. The informations obtained from written operate of Stacionary cadaster are useless for this thesis.
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Change trajectories of wood-pastures focusing on changes in management
Čermáková, Kamila ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This thesis is focused on monitoring changes in the trajectory of wood-pasture mainly in changes in management. The main goal of research was land-cover according to the Imperial prints and current orthophoto maps. Area of interest is located in the Stredocesky and the Ustecky region, specifically my intereset was six historic regions in the Midwestern Bohemia, which had the largest landscape heterogeneity.
The first part describes the historical development of wood-pastures, their definition and the current status. Information was obtained from the Czech and foreign literature. Another part deals with specific trajectories in the area of interest. Changes in wood-pasture from mid-19th century to the present day were compared by program ArcGIS. In conclusion you can find the evaluation of the results by graphs, tables and verbal evaluation of the likely causes of changes in trajectory.
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Analysis and evaluation of landscape changes - case study Ricany
Bělunková, Šárka ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
In this study is researched historical development of the Říčany landscape. Using stable cadastre maps, aerial photographs from 1953 and current aerial photographs is researched the development of the landscape elements. Further the spatial analyzess of defelopment these landscape elements are performed. Based on scientific texts and in cooperation with the Museum of Říčany city are discussed causes of identified landscape changes. The greatest changes were observed in arable land. In this landscape element decreased the total area from 63,40 % to 38,69 %. In this place, there occurred mainly for the development of built-up areas (from 0,76 % to 10,42 %) and urban green areas (from 1,20 % to 18,17 %). On the other hand, the most constant remained the forests. This area was increased by only 1,84 % and their spatial area kept almost unchanged. The data collected in this work could be used theoretically and also practically. Theoretical use consist in understanding of the functioning of landsccape changes. Practically, the results could be used by the municipal authority as a basis for various landscape adjustments of the Říčany city.
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Changes in wetlands - change trajectories, causes
Brašna, Vlastimil ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the historical development of wetlands in corn production areas in Moravia, Czech Republic. Wetlands were analyzed changes in time and space for a period of 180 years.
The main objective is to analyze the development of wetland habitats in the landscape using old maps, aerial photographs and GIS. The bases were of the Imperial Imprints of the Stable cadastre from the first half of the 19th century and contemporary orthophoto. There were also used GIS layers of the current location of wetlands, farmland, forests, rivers and waterways. In historical documents were evaluated by two categories 1) wet meadows and 2) swamps and marshes. In the current surface are only evaluated wetlands.
The total area is 18054 ha. The area of wetlands dramatically decreased from 108 ha in the first half of the 19th century on 14 ha in 2015. Most of the wetlands have been converted to agricultural land - arable land (72 %), meadows and pastures (12 %). Wetlands succession was transformed to bushes (5,4 %). There was 5 % of the deaths of wetlands built and drained. Most wetlands have been transformed due to the pressure on the production function of the landscape in order to get more food. In the first half of the 19th century it was dominated by wet meadows, they had 684 ha. Despite the disappearance of a large part of the wetlands created new wetlands, which have 12.4 hectares. Most newly created wetlands are located in the cadastral area of Mutěnice. Only one wetland (1.68 ha) remained unchanged, located in cadastral Čejč. This wetland had a history of more land (25.15 hectares) and has been linked with Čejčské Lake.
The main result of this work is to determine the trajectories of development of wetland ecosystems in the lowlands of Moravia. Descriptions of these trajectories have contributed to understanding influences on the development of wetlands. Results wetlands contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of landscape ecology. The results can be used to restore extinct wetlands and creation of new wetlands in the historic wet meadows. The information obtained can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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Changes in the development of forest and non-forest woody vegetation at the landscape level - case study (the former estate of Decin)
Čermáková, Eva ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This masters thesis deals with the longterm changes of forest and nonforest woody vegetation in the area of the former Děčín estate. For my analysis I have used the avalaible historical maps and modern ortophotographs, which I have processed using the ArcGIS software.
While many places of the Earth are going through deforesation, on the other hand in Europe there is a significant rise in the area covered by woodlands. I have come to the same results in my thesis, in which at the studied site, in which there was an expansion of forest woody vegetation between the years 1953 and 2015. While when comparing the map of The Stabile cadaster and an aerial image from 1953 there was a decrease of forest woody vegetation. These results pary correlate with the demographic development of the Děčín district as well as general political and economic development of the area in the analyzed time period. The results are compared to similar avalaible studies, on the base of which it seems that the resukts of this study are not a unique trend.
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Temporal and spatial changes of woody vegetation at the landscape - case study (former Vrchlabi estate)
Juřičková, Beata ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Keken, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation deals with a temporal and spatial changes of woody vegetation at the landscape in West Bohemia. The case study helps to recognise a historical development of the landscape and focuses on landscape elements of forest and non-forest woody vegetation.
Focused area was determined by borders of former Vrchlabi manor and based on historical documents. The chosen area partly belongs to zone 1, 2 and 3 of Krkonose National Park.
Forest and non-forest woody vegetation was compared from different sources- a map of Imperial imprints of the stable Cadastre from 1843, an aerial images from 1950 and an orthophoto images from 2014 - using ArcGIS software. Woody vegetation was divided into forest category and other three non-forest woody category- draws, acompanying woody vegetation and line.
The results have shown that the most consistent category has always been the forest, spreading on 42,25% of the area in last 171 years. The non-forest woody vegetation was developing erratically and was covering the largest area of 335,21 ha in 1950. Data analysis have shown that each period of forest and non-forest woody vegetation has its own specific trends.
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Change trajectories of wood pastures using landscape metrics (Hradec Kralove Region)
Zemanová, Martina ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This work is focused on wood-pastures and their change trajectory and evolution since 1845 to present time. Research was conducted in selected cadastral areas in region Hradec Králové. In the intoduction of the work are defined pastures, wood-pastures and benefits of this active management. It focuses on changes in land-covers in places of historic pastures, their extinction, creation and continuous exsistence. The main sources of informations are historical maps and the field research.
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Change trajectories of wetlands in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic
Richter, Pavel ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Dagmar, Dagmar (referee)
Wetland habitats are of great multifunctional importance in landscape. In particular, they have the capacity to retain water during its surplus and then in the dry season to release the water. In this work the dynamics of change in wetlands coverage was analyzed, including the representation structure of different categories of wetlands over the past 180 years in the landscape of lowlands and uplands in the Czech Republic. The historical maps of Stable Cadastre, current orthophoto and current GIS layers of localization and classification of different types of land use/cover and landscape types were used as data sources. The area of wetlands has dramatically decreased from 5 762 hectares in the period 1825-1843 (more than 9.5 % of the area) to 54 hectares in 2014 (0.9 %). Based on the study of available documents three types of wetland habitats were classified: wet meadows, wet meadows with trees and swamps . Although, the most of the historic wetlands were constituted of wet meadows (89 %) these days the swamps (48 %) form the largest part of the wetlands. Half of the historic wetlands were transformed to arable land because of increasing production of agriculture. According to the evaluation of monitored changes by predictors it was found that more pressure on the degradation of wetlands was in the areas with more suitable climatic conditions for agriculture (e.g. The Danube basin, Moravia, soil types in the lowlands, Corn agricultural production area etc.). In these areas the swamps were formed as new wetlands in places of historical watercourses localization more significantly than elsewhere in monitored area. The aim of this work was also to describe the main driving forces and pressures that have influenced the changes in wetlands. The outcome of the paper can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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