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Changes and continuity in personal identities among Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic
Hyánková, Tereza ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Brouček, Stanislav (referee)
This dissertation thesis reports original interviews and observations concerning the adjustments made by Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic. Following anthropological field methodology and social sciences theories these data are contrasted with studies elsewhere concerning Algerian immigrants to France. Other immigrant communitites are also considered for comparative purposes. All of these studies including this thesis demonstrate that social identity is flexible, dynamic and socially constructed in response to various social circumstances encountered by the immigrants.
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Folk traditions and customs as a mirror of social relations. A comparison of three local communities in eastern Bohemia: Velký Vřešťov - Dubenec - Hustířany
Záškoda, Miloslav ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee) ; Pargač, Jan (advisor)
The subject of this thesis is the social and cultural life in three local communities in Eastern Bohemia (Velký Vřešťov, Dubenec, Hustířany). All three localities are situated about 20 km north of Hradec Králové. Their respective populations are 197, 659, and 174. The thesis gives a brief description of the past and the present of these villages, with special focus on institutions (e. g. school) and local organizations. World Wars One and Two and the emergence of the communist regime were the most important events in terms of the impact on the structure of social relations within the communities. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes the methodological discussions within the Czech ethnography in the second half of the 20th century. The methodological problems of field research and the interpretation of the examined social reality were the primary objects of dispute between two groups of ethnologists. Karel Fojtík and Olga Skalníková were part of the first one; their idea was to use sociological concepts and other methods of social sciences and to promote interdisciplinary studies. The second group is connected with the likes of Ladislav Holý and Milan Stuchlík. This group emphasised research into the residues of social systems of communities, which represent relicts of the old-style village life....
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The Palestinian identity and traditional culture
Tůmová, Miluše ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
The central theme of my dissertation theses is Palestinian identity and Palestinian traditional culture. The theses are based above all on the results of 13-month field research in the West Bank. During my stay in Palestine, I documented Palestinian cultural heritage, and collected folklore, oral history and contemporary life situations of Palestinian inhabitants. Specifically, I was interested in the identity of the Palestinian people, in their values, opinions, postures, life style, attitudes towards local and worldwide problems and also in the youth culture and status of women. Main attention was paid to the basic premise questioning whether something like Palestinian identity does exist since many consider the Palestinian identity to be an artificially created political construct. Protagonists of the idea that the Palestinian nation and Palestinian identity do not exist say, that instead of Palestinians, we speak generally about Arabs who do not have specific signs which differentiate them from the Arabs in the neighbouring countries. In my theses I proved that the Palestinian identity exists, that it has its historical development which is not completely connected with the birth of Zionism, it has its specific features which make the Palestinian identity unique among the Arab population, it has members...
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Czech techno subculture on change of the century
Zeman, Daniel ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
Techno subculture has often been discussed in public and media in the last decade. Police intervention during CZECHTEK 2005 raised the question within the excited discussion: "What is the essence of techno"? The overflow of unprofessional explanations published in media, following the incident, created the demand on serious explanation of the phenomenon. This work tries to explain the phenomenon of subcultures genesis with the help of theory outlined by Van Gennep and further extended by Victor Turner, i.e. subcultures are understood as archetypal continuation of initiation rituals in modern industrial society. Techno party is a ritual way how to create the anti-structure area and establish a liminoid environment in which the adolescents realize their relativity through the changed status of mind and they develop the attitudes to each other as well as within the society. As any social phenomenon fulfils more functions at the same time, this interpretation must be considered as one of the possible explanations. Furthermore also the work of Michel Maffesoli and the idea of neotribalism are taken into consideration. This work also reflects the evolution of subcultures from the beginning to the present and at the same time it reflects the studies of the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies in Birmingham and...
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Traditional culture of Turkic nomads in Central Asia
Hejzlarová, Tereza ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee)
Turkic nomadic tribes of the Central Asia, in fact the traditional material and spiritual cultures of nomadic Kazakh, Kyrkyz, Turkmen, Uzbek and Karakalpak peoples, are described in this rigorous paper. Territory classified in this paper as Central Asia is limited to the territory of five states: Kazakhstan, Kyrkyzstan, Turkmenstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. The theme is also limited by other linquistic criteria. Therefore e.g. Tajik (belonging to Iranian linguistic family) are set aside this theme. The whole paper is divided into two parts, the former one consisting of five chapters introducing the area and its historical background represents the essentials for the latter one devoted to the phenomenon of nomadic shephards and manifestation of their culture. The period between the 18th century and the 20s of the 20th century is described in the second part. Most of the first records were provided by the Russian researchers. After the Soviet Union had been established further field research and ethnographic expeditions were organized and vast amount of materials dealing with cultures of the Central Asian peoples were gathered. This paper is aimed at introducing basic facts of traditional nomadic shepherds culture, the majority of them have never been published in the Czech language. The coherent picture of...
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Children of African immigrants in Portugal: strategies of identity construction
Kraftová, Barbora ; Šatava, Leoš (referee) ; Pargač, Jan (advisor)
In my thesis I deal with processes of identity construction among the children of immigrants from Lusophone Africa (Portuguese-speaking African countries) living in Portugal. The group in focus serves as a starting point for an examination of how the new hybrid and syncretic identities are constructed in today's globalized world. The children of immigrants, balancing on the edge of two or more cultures and identities and not fitting in any of the categories through which people normally identify themselves, are an ideal group for the illustration of these phenomena. In the course of my field work I was able to identify three main strategies by means of which the children of immigrants cope with their ambivalent position in society and try to find their place in the world: the strategy of identification with Portugal, the strategy of identification with their parents' country of origin and the strategy of mixed identification. Through the analysis of the functioning of these three strategies I try to find out the factors that determine which strategy each of the informants chooses and what is the impact of this choice on their lives. The results tell us a lot not only about the children of immigrants themselves but about the Portuguese society in general as well.
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The traditional nomads cultures of the Central Asia
Hejzlarová, Tereza ; Tomandl, Miloš (referee) ; Pargač, Jan (advisor)
Turkic nomadic tribes of the Central Asia, in fact the traditional material and spiritual cultures of nomadic Kazakh, Kyrkyz, Turkmen and Uzbek peoples, are described in this diploma paper. Territory classified in this paper as Central Asia is limited to the territory of five states: Kazakhstan, Kyrkyzstan, Turkmenstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. The theme is also limited by other linquistic and political criteria. Therefore e.g. Tajik (belonging to Iranian linguistic family) or Karakalpak cultures (ethnic minority within Uzbekistan territory) are set aside this theme. The whole paper is divided into two parts, the former one consisting of five chapters introducing the area and its historical background represents the essentials for the latter one devoted to the phenomenon of nomadic shephards and manifestation of their culture. The period between the 18th century and the 20s of the 20th century is described in the second part. Most of the first records were provided by the Russian researchers. After the Soviet Union had been established further field research and ethnographic expeditions were organized and vast amount of materials dealing with cultures of the Central Asian peoples were gathered. This paper is aimed at introducing basic facts of traditional nomadic shepherds culture, the majority of them...
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Population (and) national policy of the People's Republic of China towards ethnic minorities
Horálek, Adam ; Šatava, Leoš (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee)
This study deals with relations between ethnic issue of China on the one hand and the population (and) national policy on the other. The essen-tial issue is whether the ethnic categories are exactly based on ethnic consciousness or if they are more of a politically modified construct. This study does not aspire to judge whether or not it is such case, but rather to put forward many arguments for and against this statement. The important thing that must be discussed is terminology concerning the essential concept- minzu. To correlate minzu with any in-Europe- practiced ethnological terminology is disputable, especially because of the diametric distinctions between both regions. Although the tempo-rarily used terminology has its roots in Stalinist conception of "natsion-alnost", different components must also be pointed out. The results of the research on Sino-Tibetan borderland and its ethnic minorities are used to support the documentation of the issue as applied on the whole People's Republic of China (PRC). Nonetheless, this work is out of any micro regional analysis, due to its more theoretical focus. In accordance with this theme, it was necessary to work in interdiscipli-nary point of view based mostly (except for ethnology, of course) on geography, demography, sinology and cartography. Due to this...
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Barbora Hoblová and Mladoboleslavsko
Pilíková, Klára ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Štěpánová, Irena (advisor)
This presentation is devoted to the life and work of Barbora Hoblova, a significant figure of the region of Mlada Boleslav who was at the end of 19th and the beginning of 20th century an important social and ethnographic pioneer and an activist in women's movement and in the field of female education of this region. She was born in 1852 in Nymburk where as 20 years old she was credited with the foundation of a female reading society Lada in which she participated until her wedding in 1879. After the wedding together with her husband, a gymnasium professor, she moved to Mlada Boleslav. During first years in this city she was devoted to the education of her son until in the middle of eighties she became involved in ethnographic activity and few years later she participated in the birth of Mlada Boleslav's Society of Ladies and Maidens where she was active until her death. Thanks to her activities several important social institutions grew up in this city; such as nursery, a home for unemployed women, evening school of sewing etc. She participated also in the collection of materials for the Ethnographic Czecho-Slavic Exhibition which was held in 1895. For her contribution in organizing this exhibition she and her husband were reworded with a diploma and a medal which made her known among professionals in this...
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Changes and continuity in personal identities among Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic
Hyánková, Tereza ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Brouček, Stanislav (referee)
This dissertation thesis reports original interviews and observations concerning the adjustments made by Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic. Following anthropological field methodology and social sciences theories these data are contrasted with studies elsewhere concerning Algerian immigrants to France. Other immigrant communitites are also considered for comparative purposes. All of these studies including this thesis demonstrate that social identity is flexible, dynamic and socially constructed in response to various social circumstances encountered by the immigrants.
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