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Didactic use of the Animated Series "Once Upon a Time Life" in Education of Natural Science
Šplíchalová, Kristýna ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
The presented thesis is entitled "Didactic use of the animated series "Once Upon a Time" in the teaching of science" and deals with the possibilities of implementing the animated series "Once Upon a Time" in the teaching of science in primary schools and in the corresponding years of multi-year grammar schools. The aim of the thesis is to offer the possibility of using worksheets tailored to the popular animated series "Once Upon a Time" in the teaching of science in primary schools and at the lower level of multi-year grammar schools. In connection with this, to create worksheets for selected episodes of the said series, both in unresolved and resolved form. Then, by sending the worksheets to schools, to verify their usefulness. Semi-structured interviews (pilot research) and an online questionnaire survey were used as tools for gathering information and data in the practical part of the work. To collect data on the usability and quality of the worksheets tested in the classroom, evaluation sheets created separately for students and for teachers were used. With reference to the above research tools, the following findings of this thesis can be discussed. One of the first findings is that even in today's teaching, the series "Once Upon a Time" finds use among some teachers, despite the considerable...
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Teaching the Neonatal and Infant Stages of Ontogenesis at the 2nd Level of Primary School.
Netušilová, Nikola ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The main aim of the diploma thesis was to design and implement a teaching programme for 8th grade of primary schools which acts upon the topic of the neonatal and infant period. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis gives the reader a comprehensive overview of the different stages that a newborn goes through during the first year of his or hers life. In the introduction, the neonatal stage and the postnatal adaptation of a newborn are defined, followed by an examination of the gradual development during the first month after birth. The scoring of the newborn according to Apgar, which takes place in the first minutes after birth, is described in relation to postnatal adaptation. Subsequently, the infant stage is characterized and the psychomotor development of the infant is described with emphasis on the development in each month of the first year of his or hers life. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis then includes the nutrition of a newborn and an infant with emphasis on breastfeeding as a natural way of nutrition. The practical part of the diploma thesis examines the preparation, implementation and evaluation of the teaching programme. The proposed programme includes a range of activities and teaching materials. Furthermore, it includes an analysis of the Framework Curriculum for...
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Teaching Genetics with a Focus on Human Phenotypic Traits
Heidelberg, Jiří ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
This thesis focuses on the inheritance of human phenotypic traits within the framework of genetics teaching at Czech grammar schools. Outlines information important to understanding the inheritance of human phenotypic traits. All fundamentals of genetics will be covered, including examples from human genetics and examples from nature. At the same time, he is engaged in a research investigation at selected Czech grammar schools, where we will try to find out the degree of knowledge of genetics that the pupils have. Attention is also paid to the influence of the classroom climate on pupils' knowledge, which is an important aspect in acquiring knowledge. The influence of the teacher's personality on the climate in the classroom is related to this. the results of the research survey from the data collected using the online questionnaire show the level of knowledge of the respondents and any gaps that need to be worked on. KEYWORDS Inheritace, phenotype, human genetics, education, pedagogy
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The Human Colon and the Variability of its Microbial Colonization from Adaptations to Different Environmental Conditions
Peterová, Lucie ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
This bachelors's thesis focuses on the study of the human large intestine and the variability of its microbial colonization in relation to different environmental conditions. The human large intestine is considered to be a dynamic ecosystem that is populated by a diverse community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome plays a key role in host physiology, influencing digestion, the immune system and energy metabolism. This thesis summarizes the current state of knowledge in the literature regarding the human large intestine and its microbial population, focusing on the adaptation of the intestinal microbiota to different environmental conditions such as diet, antibiotic use and disease occurrence. It also analyses the impact of lifestyle and environmental factors on the gut microbiota, including the effects of stress, physical activity and geographical location. The thesis provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the gut microbiome and highlights its importance in maintaining human health. The variability of microbial colonization of the gut is a fascinating phenomenon that deserves careful study and understanding. Understanding these processes may contribute to the development of new strategies for maintaining and restoring a healthy gut microbiota that could...
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Activating Methods in Teaching Human Biology in Lower Secondary Education (ISCED 2) as a Mean of Interdisciplinary Relations of Biology and Physical Education
Burian, Oskar ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
Objectives: To find basic information and the concept of interdisciplinary teaching and its possible inclusion in lessons. Describe selected activation methods in teaching in general and in teaching human biology. To analyze selected frequently used textbooks for pupils of the 2nd grade of elementary school, containing the topic of the muscular system as a suitable topic for the interdisciplinary connection of biology and physical education in the context of the frequency of impulses for the implementation of physical activities and containing the interdisciplinary connection of the above mentioned subjects. Design and implement the teaching of the muscular system with activation methods and cross-curricular elements and find out what the students' attitude towards it is. Using a knowledge test, compare pupils who have completed activation and interdisciplinary teaching with pupils who have undergone frontal theoretical teaching of the same topic. Methods: Two methods were used for the research investigation. An online questionnaire regarding the attitude of students, created in Google forms, allowing students to comment on the lessons with closed and open questions, with a guarantee of anonymity. The second method of research is a knowledge test, created for the purpose of the thesis, which was...
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Development of Psycho-motor Skills in Juveniles and School Maturity
Křížová, Věra ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of psychomotor development in middle and late childhood, school maturity, its aspects and methods of testing. A total of five aims are set and six hypotheses are assigned to them. Two aims determine how much experience, training and home preparation influence the results of school maturity tests, which are based on the evaluation of individual aspects of psychomotor development. Furthermore, the aim is to find out whether psychomotor development occurs uniformly in all its areas and whether the factor of body height is related to the level of development. The last two goals are tied directly to the tested group, which consists of children aged 6-8 years living in the district of Rychnov nad Kněžnou. It is determined whether these children are mature enough to enter the 1st grades of primary school and whether there is any connection between the parents' decision to postpone their children's entry into primary school and their results in school maturity tests. To meet these goals, a cross-sectional study is used, which consists of two components. Face-to-face testing of children aged 6-8 years in the facilities of a kindergarten in the period April and May 2023, when these children participate in three school maturity tests (each based on monitoring a...
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Selected Members of the Habsburg Dynasty and their Mental Disorders
Grunclová, Kateřina ; Ehler, Edvard (advisor) ; Vančata, Václav (referee)
This Bachelor thesis presents research into occurring mental illnesses in celected members of the Habsburg dynasty, with an effort to best consretise them from the original historical background and to compare them with current knowledge. At the same time, it will describe the marriage policy that cintributed to the emergence of mental illness in individual members. The aim of the work is to get acquainted with the Habsburg dynasty, characterize the mental disorders occurring in this magnificent dynasty and evaluate the manifestations of individual diseases.
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The Importance of Circadian Rhythms in Humans with a Focus on Adolescents
Kolářová, Michaela ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Ehler, Edvard (referee)
The aim of the presented diploma thesis is a detailed outline of the meaning of circadian rhythms in adolescence. Circadian rhythms appear in early childhood, but undergo many changes during lifetime. While in early childhood the waking and sleeping cycle shifts to an earlier time, during adolescence it is quite the opposite and the cycle is shifted a few hours later and in older age the cycle even returns to an earlier state. Adolescence is associated with the most significant changes and increased demands on study, independence and generally more overload at the expense of quality and adeqaute sleep, which not only causes circadian rhythms to dissipate and shift dramatically, which such as health. For adolescents, the delayed phase is naturally correlated with sexual development, with sleep patterns being controlled by the biological component. Respecting physiological changes in adolescence and striving for institutional changes seem to be the most appropriate therapies instead of forcing patterns basen on institutional and parental needs, which only undermines adolescent body chemistry, results in insufficient and poor quality sleep for functioning and healthy physiological development of adolescents.
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The Effect of Hardening on the Human Body
Berounská, Natálie ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Přívratský, Vladimír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the topic of hardening and its effect on the human organism. The goal is to fing out what and whether hardening has any effect on the human organism. The theoretical part describes the history of hardening, its various forms and the principles that we should follow during hardening if we want to experience its positive effect and avoid potential danger. It also includes the hardening of children which has its own specifics. Furthermore, the concept of thermoregulation and other concepts related to physiological processes that také place in the human body not only during and after staying in cold water are explained in the theoretical part. In the practical part, three groups of probands are compered with the help of a questionnaire: 100 sports hardeners, 90 hardeners and 95 non-hardeners. With the help of a quesionnaire, it is determined what and whether hardening has an effect on the human organism. After comparing all three groups, the results show that for the majority of respondents, hardening has a positive effect on both the physical and psychological aspects of a person. It was also conformed, for example, that sports hard people and hard people cope a little beter with disease form a cold (milder and shorter course). In the conclusion, all three groups of...
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