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Application of Constructivist Elements in the Teaching of the Czech Language in the First Year
Sotonová, Jana ; Babušová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Doležalová, Eliška (referee)
This thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part discusses what communication means and its types. What constructivism means and what is the difference between transmissive and constructivist teaching. Furthermore, the issue of children's preconcepts and their use is discussed. The practical part focuses on the application of constructivist elements to the teaching of Czech language. In practice, we mean that pupils should deduce a lesson, rule or principle on the basis of their own efforts, previous experience, constructivist/exploratory approach. Furthermore, it is aimed at discovering preconcepts in pupils or their ideas. At the same time, the aim of the thesis is to create activities for Czech language classes that support constructivist teaching. Thus, pupils use constructivist elements to work. The research includes preparations that include activities focusing on the core curriculum of the second year, among which we include: writing i,í/y,ý hard and soft groups, writing ů, ú and meaning relationships of words. Worksheets, analysis and interview were used to identify the objectives.
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The Preconcept of Subordinate Attributive Clause in Primary School Pupils
Černá, Daniela ; Wildová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Doležalová, Eliška (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the preconcept of subordinate attributive clauses of primary school pupils. The aim of the work is to analyze and interpret the preconcept of subordinate attributive clauses of pupils of the 4th to 8th grade of primary school. The theoretical part first presents constructivism, which emphasizes the pupil's active participation in the learning process and the use of the pupil's preconceptions in the construction of new knowledge. Furthermore, the work deals with the linguistic concept of the attribute, its sentence formulation as well as the didactic approach to the attribute and attributive subordinate clause. The empirical part represents conducted research, which had the form of semi-structured interviews with 4th to 8th grade pupils on exercises designed specifically for the purpose of this study. The section first deals with the methodology and objectives, then presents a description of the process and an analysis of the results. The research proves that pupils have a preconcept of the subordinate attributive clause. However, they can only apply it in certain situations. The research also suggests that a majority of pupils perceive the attribute and the subordinate attributive clause as equivalent. The research also indicates attention to the interference of school...
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Possibilities of Integrating Digital Competences Into the Teaching of Czech Language in Primary School
Botková, Anna ; Doležalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Wildová, Zuzana (referee)
On the basis of the Small revision of the Framework Curriculum, digital competences have been added to the list of competences. The task of the schools was therefore to incorporate these changes into their school education programs, but above all to start equipping their pupils with these competences. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the key concepts related to the issue of digital competences and briefly introduces the available support tools. The research part of the thesis maps the current state of digital competences integration into the Czech language teaching process in three primary schools. In order to describe this situation, interviewing teachers, and coordinators of the revision of the school educational program was chosen. This was complemented by observation of teaching and content analysis of relevant documents. The research sample consisted of 3 coordinators and 4 teachers of the lower secondary school, with whom guided interviews were conducted. Using qualitative data analysis procedures, the key themes of the integration of digital competences in the teaching of the Czech language are presented, in particular the preparation of the revision and methodological support, the readiness of teachers to integrate digital competences in the teaching of the Czech language, and...
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Possessive Adjectives as Expressed by Lower Secondary Pupils
Štěpánová, Dagmar ; Doležalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Nedvědová, Blanka (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of possessive adjectives in the expressions of older school-age students. The aim of the thesis is to determine whether and, if so, how students form possessive adjectives and how their usage competes with the use of possessive genitive. A secondary goal of the thesis is the proposal of original didactic material based on the results of the research investigation. The theoretical part is primarily defined by the concept of possessive adjectives, including chapters addressing non-standard or more difficult forms, such as possessive adjectives formed from foreign proper names or productive dialectal forms with a fixed suffix -ovo. In the theoretical part, the author also draws from professional articles that touch upon the topic of the thesis. Besides the morphology of possessive adjectives, the syntax is also addressed. The theoretical part concurrently describes possessive adjectives in curricular documents, didactics, and, last but not least, in textbooks, which were surveyed through descriptive analysis. The practical part consists of an analysis of 110 essays written by 7th-grade pupils in which the author examines the usage of possessive adjectives or possessive genitive. The subsequent research, in which the author analyzes 224 didactic tests, aims to refine...
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Trendy ve využití složek vajec
Doležalová, Eliška
Eggs are now recognised not only as a dietary ingredient but also as a starting material providing many valuable bioactive compounds that are used primarily in food processing but also in medicine, veterinary medicine, pharmacology and biotechnology. Egg yolk is an important source of antioxidants, aromatic amino acids, carotenoids, vitamins, phospholipids and proteins. Egg white is an excellent natural source of high quality protein that is rich in essential amino acids. Eggshell mainly contains calcium and other minerals. Hen egg yolk has a number of technological functions, including emulsifying, gelling and film-forming. Different types of modification can be used to improve the functional properties of egg components. For example, enzymatic hydrolysis can be used to modify the egg yolk and deamidation is used to modify the egg white. Eggshells are primarily considered as zero-value waste, although they are rich in organic and inorganic compounds that can be used in various forms.
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The Use of Stories in the Language Teaching at the Primary School
Benešová, Marie ; Doležalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Hájková, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on the use of stories in language teaching in primary school, especially the Czech language. The theoretical part contains basic information about the method of telling stories, storytelling, its possible use in the Czech language and experience with this method in teaching the English language. To work with stories in Czech language classes, the storytelling method is included in the Framework Educational Program for basic education, both in terms of student outcomes and competencies that could be developed in classes using storytelling. The work is devoted to the process of selecting and creating a story, its placement in children's literature and the criteria that should be met for the story to be accepted by pupils. The space is dedicated to the application itself in the teaching unit and to the offer of specific methods and exercises enabling the inclusion of storytelling in teaching. The work deals with the very process of creating a story based on the listed words for the 4th grade, describing the progress of the teaching unit as well as the reaction of the pupils in the lesson, and the preparation of the control test and evaluation. Due to the limited resources regarding the use of storytelling in the teaching of the Czech language, this work could in the...
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Complement - The Comparison of Academic and School Conception
Hančin, Marek ; Doležalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Hirschová, Milada (referee)
The master thesis "Complement - The Comparison of Academic and School Conception" examines the professional and school concepts of the often-discussed clause element - complement. The author compares selected linguistic approaches to the complement, focusing primarily on the similarities and differences in the different conceptions - what linguists (dis)consider to be a complement, how the complement is realized, what is the division of the complement. In the school conception, the author analyses the key educational documents (the Framework Educational Programmes, the requirements for the didactic test in Czech language, the requirements for the Unified Entrance Examination in Czech language and the textbooks used in teaching Czech) and the teachers' view of this clause element. The author aims to find out whether the complement is a compulsory part of education and whether textbooks provide appropriate support for functional work with the complement. In the conclusion of the paper, the author proposes three methodological lessons of his own, based on the above-mentioned analysis, which can be used in Czech language classes. The starting points for these lessons are the communicative goals of Czech language teaching, the constructivist model of teaching, and the integration of linguistic and...
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