Mapování terénu a struktury vegetace ze satelitních laserových dat

Moudrý, Vítězslav

Ecosystem structure, particularly the vertical structure of vegetation, is one of the six essential biodiversity variables, constituting an important aspect of habitat heterogeneity that influences species distribution and diversity. However, until relatively recently, measuring vegetation structure was extremely laborious and collecting such data was virtually impossible for large areas. However, this changed fundamentally with the advent of laser altimetry in the mid-1990s. In particular, airborne laser altimetry has seen an unprecedented boom in the last twenty years. As a result, we now have unique detailed data on vegetation structure in many countries around the world, particularly in Europe and North America. However, such data are lacking in the less developed countries, where most of the world's species diversity is found. Fortunately, recent years have favoured satellite-based laser altimeters that can fill in the gaps. Specifically, two devices were launched into Earth orbit in 2018: the Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) onboard the ICESat-2 satellite and the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) on the International Space Station. These devices provide, among other things, data on vegetation structure on a global scale, which can be used to improve our...

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