Lokomoce žijících a vyhynulých nelidských Hominidae: implikace pro bipedii homininů

Šetlíková, Julie

The purpose of this thesis is to examine extinct and extant nonhuman Hominidae locomotion, through analysis of observational and fossil postcranial research. The extant genera reviewed were Pongo, Gorilla, and Pan. Knucklewalking is the primary locomotor form observed in African great apes while suspension predominates in Pongo. Less prominent are palmigrade quadrupedalism, bridging, vertical climb, scrambling, and other forms of suspensory behavior. Bipedalism, primarily assisted, is found in all examined extant apes with Pongo utilizing it the most. Extinct genera were selected based on the recent, thoroughgoing phylogenetic study by Pugh (2022), categorizing probable stem hominids, stem hominids, pongines, and hominines. Main forms of locomotion utilized were quadrupedalism, vertical climb, and suspensory behavior. Kenyapithecus and Sivapithecus are suggested to have used, along arboreal quadrupedalism, knucklewalking. Most of the discussed hominines, phylogenetically closest to our chimpanzee-human last common ancestor (CHLCA), have limited postcranial data and locomotion could not be concluded. Danuvius guggenmosi, Lufengpithecus lufengensis, and Ouranopithecus macedoniensis are thought to have employed bipedalism. Lufengpithecus and Danuvius further show signs of recently termed extended limb...

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