Original title:
Kvantitativní analýza původu genů u krásnooček (Euglenoidea)
Translated title:
Quantitative Analysis of Gene Ancestry in Euglenoidea
Authors:
Soukal, Petr ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Burki, Fabien (referee) ; Horák, Aleš (referee) Document type: Doctoral theses
Year:
2023
Language:
eng Abstract:
[eng][cze] Genes, units of genetic information, are passed from one individual to another, typically within the same species from parents to offspring. Occasionally, genes can be transferred to different species through a process called horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Endosymbiosis is a process in which one organism engulfs another organism and the genes flow between the two symbionts in a process called endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT), which is a subtype of HGT. Eventually, the endosymbiont may become an organelle such as a mitochondrion or a plastid. Euglenids (Euglenoidea) are unicellular eukaryotes with diverse modes of nutrition - phagotro- phy (e. g., Peranema), osmotrophy (e. g., Rhabdomonas), mixotrophy (phagotrophy and phototrophy in Rapaza), and phototrophy (possessing plastids; e. g., Eutreptiella). The history of endosymbioses of green algae (especially Chlorophyta) and ancestors of Euglenophyceae (including Rapaza) is complex. In my thesis, I performed the quantitative analysis of gene ancestry (QAGA) based on transcripto- mic data of Euglena gracilis showing contribution of closely related Kinetoplastea (1,420 genes, 3.88 % of transcripts inherited vertically), and contribution of multiple "unrelated" (mainly) phototrophic organisms, e. g. Viridiplantae (572, 1.57 %), or Haptophyta (234, 0.64...Geny, jakozťo jednotky geneticke' informace, jsou prěda'va'ny z jednoho jedince na jine'ho, obvykle v ra'mci te'hozˇ druhu - z rodicˇu˚ na potomky. Cˇas od cˇasu mohou by't geny prěda'ny i jedincu˚m jiny'ch druhu˚ prostrědnictvı'm procesu zvane'ho horizonta'lnı' prěnos genu˚ (HGT). Endosymbio'za je proces, prˇi ktere'm jeden organismus pohltı' jiny' organismus a geny jsou prěda'va'ny mezi obeˇma symbionty prostrědnictvı'm procesu zvane'ho endosymbioticky' prěnos genu˚ (EGT), jenzˇ jest podtypem HGT. Cˇasem se mu˚zě endosymbiont sta't i organelou, jakou je mitochondrie nebo plastid. Kra'snoocˇka (Euglenoidea) jsou jednobunečňa' eukaryota s ru˚znorody'mi zpu˚soby vy'zˇivy - fagot- rofiı' (naprˇ. Peranema), osmotrofiı' (naprˇ. Rhabdomonas), mixotrofiı' (fagotrofiı' a fototrofiı' u rodu Rapaza) a fototrofiı' (s plastidy; naprˇ. Eutreptiella). Historie endosymbio'z zeleny'ch rˇas (zejme'na skupiny Chlo- rophyta) a prědku˚ kra'snoocěk trˇı'dy Euglenophyceae (vcětneˇ rodu Rapaza) je komplexnı'. Ve sve' pra'ci jsem provedl kvantitativnı' analy'zu genealogie genu˚ (QAGA) zalozěnou na transkrip- tomicky'ch datech kra'snoocˇka sťı'hle'ho (Euglena gracilis), ktere' ukazujı' na vy'znamny' prˇı'speˇvek blı'zce prˇı'buzny'ch bicˇivek (Kinetoplastea; 1 420 genu˚, 3,88 % transkriptu˚ prěneseny'ch...
Keywords:
annotation; euglenida; evolution; Genome; horisontal gene transfer; plastid; anotace; euglenida; evoluce; Genom; horizontální genový přenos; plastid
Institution: Charles University Faculties (theses)
(web)
Document availability information: Available in the Charles University Digital Repository. Original record: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/179989