Úloha tukové tkáně v celotělovém energetickém metabolizmu u myší s různým genetickým pozadím

Funda, Jiří

Adipose tissue greatly contributes to the maintenance of the whole-body energy homeostasis. White adipose tissue (WAT) is the most important storage of metabolic energy in the body, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) enables the body to survive in cold environment by transforming metabolic energy to heat. Both WAT and BAT have a critical role in the control of systemic levels of fatty acids, which is necessary for the maintenance of the energy homeostasis and for the prevention of lipotoxic damage of non-adipose tissues. Abundant lipid accumulation can lead to the development of obesity, which is often accompanied by metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and by the impairment of adipose tissue metabolic functions. Healthy adipose tissue prevents from the development of metabolic disorders associated with obesity by buffering the excess of nutrients. The key processes for efficient buffering of fatty acids are futile triacylglycerols/fatty acid cycling (TAG/FA cycling) and fatty acid oxidation. These processes occur in both WAT and BAT and their rates are largely affected by a set of transcriptional regulators, especially peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and their coactivators. Bioactive molecules such as hormones, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) or pharmaceutics such as...

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