Maké sopky na Marsu: obrazová analýza, numerické modelování a srovnání s pozemskými analogy

Brož, Petr

Small-scale volcanoes represent diverse group of landforms which vary in morphology, morphometry, and mechanisms of their formation. They are the most common volcanic form on Earth, and their existence and basic characteristics were also predicted for Mars. Availability of high-resolution image data now allows to search, identify and interpret such small volcanic features on the martian surface. This thesis extends our knowledge about the small-scale volcanoes with the following objectives: (a) to document the existence of martian analogues to some of the terrestrial volcanoes, in particular scoria cones, tuff cones, tuff rings and lava domes; (b) to establish their morphological and morphometrical parameters; and (c) to examine the effect of environmental factors, which differ on Earth and Mars, on the mechanisms of formation of the scoria cones. Interpretation of remote sensing images and digital elevation models reveals that scoria cones, tuff rings and cones, and lava domes exist on different parts of the martian surface and, in some cases, far away from previously well-known volcanic provinces. Scoria cones have been identified in the volcanic field Ulysses Colles situated within the Tharsis volcanic province; tuff cones and tuff rings have been found in the Nephenthes/Amenthes region at the...

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