Národní povaha na jevišti: Vývoj postavy jevištního Ira

Pilátová, Veronika

1 Summary National stereotypes are probably as old as nations themselves and often mirror socio- political relations and self-image of the nation creating them. Highly simplified and self- sustaining, they tend to be stable, but can shift when driven by changes in the factors forming them. This is definitely the case of the Stage Irishman, the English vision of the Irish found in drama from the sixteenth to the end of the nineteenth century, and the changes it has gone through in history of Anglo-Irish relations. The creation of the Stage Irishman is usually connected with William Shakespeare and his Captain Macmorris, even though his role in Henry V is very small. The characteristics established by him include straightforward, brash and violent nature and great verbal energy. Emphasis is also placed on language, with the use of dialect and frequent oaths. The Captain's literary descendants mostly follow the same pattern in occupation and character traits, with one exception to this being a sudden change from bravery to cowardice and back, probably related to Anglo-Irish relations at the time. In the eighteenth century, the two main types of the Stage Irish characters in English comedies are the valiant and braggardly soldier, following in the footsteps of Captain Macmoris, and the cunning servant, both...

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