Neuromorfologie zrakového systému mikroftalmických savců se zaměřením na identifikaci zrakové kůry u rypošů čeledi Bathyergidae a zrakovou ostrost u echolokujících netopýrů

Miklušová, Zuzana

Microphthalmia has evolved in evolution many times independently within unrelated groups of mammals (e.g., subterranean rodents, insectivores, afrosoricids and marsupials; echolocating bats, and shrews). Due to such extensive convergent evolution, investigation of mammals with reduced eyes provides a unique approach for understanding the adaptive significance of sensory regression and the impact of peripheral reduction on organization of central sensory structures. This thesis focuses on two issues. In the first part of this thesis, a search for the primary visual cortex (V1) has been conducted in two bathyergid species, the Ansell's mole-rat, Fukomys anselli and the giant mole-rat Fukomys mechowii. Utilizing retrograde tracing and the technique of flattening and sectioning the cortex to visualize area boundaries, I have evidenced the presence of the V1 in the both species. It was small and, in comparison to other rodents, displaced laterally. Multiple injections of different tracers in different regions of the V1 resulted in retrograde labeling of distinct region of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (DLG), implying conservation of the retinotopic organization within the geniculo-striate pathway. However, any injection into V1 resulted also in a robust retrograde labeling of the multimodal...

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