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Optimization of antibacterial properties of polymer-phosphate bone fillers
Grézlová, Veronika ; Michlovská, Lenka (oponent) ; Vojtová, Lucy (vedoucí práce)
Proposed diploma thesis is focused on the preparation of polymer-phosphate bone cement. The aim is to optimize antibacterial properties of the cement by adding selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The theoretical part describes the characteristics of bone, properties od tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and its polymorphs, the use of bone cement and antibacterial nanoparticles in medicine. The experimental part deals with the preparation of samples, description of the used methods and evaluation of the effect of SeNPs on the bone cement setting reaction, morphology, crystallinity, mechanical, rheological and antibacterial properties. As a result, SeNPs improved bone cement injectability and increased setting reaction with the positive effect on cement mechanical properties. Antibacterial properties of samples were tested using both disk and dilution method resulting in the positive inhibition effect of SeNPs on gram-positive bacteria (G+), especially Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The quantitative SeNPs release from modified polymer-phosphate bone cement enable its use as antibacterial bone filler (e.g. for osteomyelitis treating).
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Vícefázové biokeramické porézní náhrady kostní tkáně na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých
Smiešková, Jana ; Šťastná, Eva (oponent) ; Šťastný, Přemysl (vedoucí práce)
Bakalářská práce se zabývá shrnutím poznatků na téma: Vícefázové biokeramické porézní náhrady kostní tkáně na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých. Práce je členěna do dvou částí. První část představuje literární rešerši, která se zabývá biokeramickými materiály na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých a jejich interakcí s tělem příjemce. Druhá část je experimentální. Popisuje přípravu směsných keramik (jedná se o směsi hydroxyapatitu (HA) a fosforečnanu vápenatého (TCP)) a vyhodnocení jejich mikrostruktury a změn fázového složení.
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The effect of organic and inorganic additives on the chemico-physical properties of biopolymer substrates for tissue engineering
Kohoutek, Martin ; Muchová, Johana (oponent) ; Brtníková, Jana (vedoucí práce)
This bachelor’s thesis deals with the preparation and characterization of composite collagenous scaffolds for possible applications in both bone and skin tissue engineering with an emphasis on their chemico-physical properties. In the theoretical part, the selected components for fabrication of the scaffolds are described and later were used to fabricate 3D porous composite scaffolds in the experimental part. Altogether, four different composite collagenous scaffold types and a reference pure collagen scaffold type were prepared using the freeze-drying fabrication technique. Two scaffold types were made by combining collagen with either oxidised cellulose (OC) or carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). The other two types of scaffolds had the same biopolymeric origin enhanced with the addition of bioceramics based on the hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphates. The microstructure, porosity and pore size were assessed by the scanning electron microscopy. The highest porosity and pore size were achieved by the reference purely collagenous scaffolds, followed by the collagen composites with OC and CMC. Scaffolds with the content of bioceramics had the lowest porosity and pore size, especially those containing CMC. Swelling behaviour analysis and enzymatic degradation in vitro showed, that the hydrophilicity and mass loss in the degradation process correlate with each other. The scaffolds without bioceramics were more hydrophilic and achieved greater mass loss than the scaffolds containing bioceramics. The pure collagen was in the between the two groups. Scaffolds containing CMC achieved greater mass loss and hydrophilicity than their OC counterparts. In terms of mechanical properties, scaffolds with bioceramics achieved higher compressive strength in the wet state than the other three scaffold types. The mechanical properties were generally better for scaffolds with lower porosity and lower hydrophilicity.
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Customized hybrid bioscaffolds for bone regeneration
Šťastný, Přemysl ; Šupová,, Monika (oponent) ; Pabst, Willi (oponent) ; Trunec, Martin (vedoucí práce)
The doctoral thesis titled “Customized hybrid bioscaffolds for bone regeneration” is divided into two parts. The first part tries to reveal the theoretical background of a bone-to-implant interaction and the current state of the art in the research of calcium phosphate materials and calcium phosphate-based implants for bone tissue engineering. The customization concept and a careful selection of phase composition represents two main points of the second, experimental, part of the doctoral thesis. The customization concept in this work is not only just a simple shape and dimension optimization process of an implant, but additionally attention is paid to the microstructural features, phase composition and phase distribution allowing the rational design and a production of tailor-made materials for dinstinct medical applications. Cellular and biological responses to the ceramic materials were evaluated both by in-vitro and in-vivo tests and were discussed against the material composition and the microstructural features. The doctoral thesis shows how a fundamental understanding of physical and chemical properties of the material under question can help to design implants material with an outstanding biological response. The in-vivo application of the customized implant and its comparison with the current gold standard bone graft material – bone autograft is a unique and valuable outcome of the doctoral thesis.
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Optimization of antibacterial properties of polymer-phosphate bone fillers
Grézlová, Veronika ; Michlovská, Lenka (oponent) ; Vojtová, Lucy (vedoucí práce)
Proposed diploma thesis is focused on the preparation of polymer-phosphate bone cement. The aim is to optimize antibacterial properties of the cement by adding selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The theoretical part describes the characteristics of bone, properties od tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and its polymorphs, the use of bone cement and antibacterial nanoparticles in medicine. The experimental part deals with the preparation of samples, description of the used methods and evaluation of the effect of SeNPs on the bone cement setting reaction, morphology, crystallinity, mechanical, rheological and antibacterial properties. As a result, SeNPs improved bone cement injectability and increased setting reaction with the positive effect on cement mechanical properties. Antibacterial properties of samples were tested using both disk and dilution method resulting in the positive inhibition effect of SeNPs on gram-positive bacteria (G+), especially Staphylococcus aureus and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The quantitative SeNPs release from modified polymer-phosphate bone cement enable its use as antibacterial bone filler (e.g. for osteomyelitis treating).
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Vícefázové biokeramické porézní náhrady kostní tkáně na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých
Smiešková, Jana ; Šťastná, Eva (oponent) ; Šťastný, Přemysl (vedoucí práce)
Bakalářská práce se zabývá shrnutím poznatků na téma: Vícefázové biokeramické porézní náhrady kostní tkáně na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých. Práce je členěna do dvou částí. První část představuje literární rešerši, která se zabývá biokeramickými materiály na bázi fosforečnanů vápenatých a jejich interakcí s tělem příjemce. Druhá část je experimentální. Popisuje přípravu směsných keramik (jedná se o směsi hydroxyapatitu (HA) a fosforečnanu vápenatého (TCP)) a vyhodnocení jejich mikrostruktury a změn fázového složení.
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