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A survey of attendance care for high-risk patients and patients with decubitus in choice facilities in the Czech Republic and in the Federal Republic of Germany
LANGOVÁ, Petra
Current situation: Even at the present time of the 21st century, decubitus is still considered to be a serious health complication which attacks all age groups of patients and reduce their quality of life (Boughen, 2012). Aims: The main aim of the research was to find out if the nursing treatment of patients who are at risk of pressure ulcer development or patients suffering bedsores in the Czech Republic is comparable to the treatment provided to similarly ill patients in Germany. Procedure: In order to find out necessary data, the quantitative research method was selected, during which an anonymous questionnaire both in Czech and German languages was issued and consequently submitted to general stuff nurses working at standard hospital departments. Research area: During the research survey, the general stuff nurses working in internal, surgery and rehabilitation departments in three Czech hospitals and two German hospitals. Results: The survey results showed that in the Czech Republic the Norton Scale for predicting the pressure ulcer risk is used most often, while in Germany the Braden Scale is most frequent method. The respondents, however, are equally convinced that regular inspections of skin as well as active searching for causation factors are far more suitable and helpful. Moreover, the survey revealed that the German colleagues determine the risk of developing bedsores by using the scale more frequently compared to the nurses in the Czech Republic. Significant differences in statistics were obvious in the frequency of the individual treatment interventions, especially in the areas of turning and repositioning the patient according to Bobath concept, self-dependence training, the skin assessment, as well as in the area of education. The research results showed the fact that Czech nurses statistically far more often use antiducubitus tools and materials, which are considered unsuitable or are not recommended by foreign guidelines. It was as well obvious from the research survey that the Czech nurses use compensational tools and devices when treating their patients more often compared to German hospitals. The survey results further showed that the choice of local therapeutic material used in particular working places vary considerably. While there is a more numerous utilization of materials containing silver and Tender Wet hydro-active super absorb cushions in the Czech Republic, stuff nurses in Germany prefer transparent polyurethane covers, secondary absorbing covers and polyurethane foams. Conclusions and suggestions for the practice: As far as the material availability is concerned, we are still far behind the advanced countries. However, we excel in quality as well as in the professional qualification of the nursing stuff. Prevention measures in the area of pressure ulcers are on the same level. Suggested changes and recommendations are: Suitable choice of the equipment, tools and devices. Immediately start with the self-dependence training within the rehabilitation treatment exercises and to use suitable compensational aids and utilities. It is as well advisable to create an individual body movement plan. To engage the whole multi-discipline team in the treating process for the patient. To educate the patient correctly. To ensure precise treatment documentation. Not to focus only on the assessment scale for prediction pressure ulcer risk but to carry out regular inspections of skin and search for the causation factors actively. To carry out the fading hyperaemia test in practice. Not to confuse sitting in a wheelchair and mobilisation. Verify and legalise the recommended procedures with the support of audits on pressure ulcer prevention and treatment.
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Phishing and the human factor
Kalinová, Diana ; Sigmund, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Luboš (referee)
The main aim of the diploma thesis is to underline the importance of human factor for the success of phishing attacks and to identify the reasons, why the Czech and Slovak users are vulnerable to phishing. The thesis focuses on the user as the weakest part in the system which phishers exploit. Social and technical tricks that are cheating users are in the second chapter. The third chapter focuses on social engineering and sociological methods of attack. The fourth chapter is devoted to the delivery of phishing and fifth chapter explores the various types of phishing attacks. The sixth chapter presents the reasons for the operation of phishing, the aspects of credibility and authenticity of e-mails and web sites, that users follow and the implications of using the context in phishing. The victims of phishing have specific reactions which are mentioned in the seventh chapter. The eighth chapter explores the various measures against phishing, not just technology. Mentioned eight chapters present a theoretical basis for the following chapters of the diploma thesis. In the ninth chapter is performed analysis of the global situation of phishing. Through analysis are identified current and historical trends in phishing. Finally, the chapter shows the implications for the user. The tenth chapter is devoted to the phishing attacks in the Czech and Slovak Republic which are interesting in terms of the importance of human factor. We determine whether users are able to defend attacks only with their carefulness, mindfulness and awareness of phishing. Within the last chapter is taken empirical research through the questionnaire survey. The research verifies the awareness of the Czech and Slovak users about phishing, their personal experiences with phishing, their security habits and the aspects of credibility and authenticity that they consider in emails and websites. Based on all findings are drawn conclusions and recommendations.
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West Nile fever - a global change in epidemiology and surveillance in the Czech Republic
VONDRÁKOVÁ, Renata
The main goal of thesis is to explore the changing global epidemiological situation depending on climate changes and to map trends of changes in epidemiological situation. A sub-objective is to find out if there are differences in the geographical distribution of the incidence of West Nile Virus (WNV) in the period 2004-2014 next to map surveillance, to propose options for improving prevention in a changing geographical distribution, to describe cases of the diseases reported in the Czech Republic, to determine whether in the Pilsen and Budweis medical facilities are routinely investigating also on detection of WNV infection and finally to chart the WNV infection rate and its causes in horse breeding. Influence of climate change on distribution of WNV can be very well observed. This change is mainly due to settlement of new countries by the originator and also reservoirs which are moving further to the north or south becouse of climate. Distribution of WNV to the new countries is also supported by the changing of landscape, mainly due to the changing climate. The changes of migration routes of migratory birds which are also affected by climate changes have also the effect on changing geographic distribution. The globalization of the world is also mostly responsible for change of distribution. The change of epidemiological situation is given by that the virus attacks organisms that did not meet with virus until now. Therefore, there is a change in the clinical picture and more serious forms of the disease appear in the greater degree than before. Official statistics numbers of diseases in the EU in 2008-2012 published by the ECDC revealed that number of illnesses depends on the global climate changes and also on the climate in a current year. Data for year 2010 clearly reveal how big influence extreme temperatures have on the number of reported illnesses. With regard to prevention in the Czech Republic, as a main step was to designed the informing of tourists. The substantial part of the repressive measures against WNV disease is to stop transmission of WNV blood transfusions. This deals with in annex 3of Decree no. 143/2008 Coll.. Currently the draft of methodological instruction which sets out the procedure for assessing the risk of WNV infection and the procedure to reduce the risk of transmission of the virus through blood transfusions is in the comment procedure. By the survey of health facilities was found out that it is according the legislation, specifically Decree 233/2011 Coll.. Private microbiology and serology laboratories in Pilsen and Budweis do not test on positivity of WNV. Targeted surveillance of horse WNV in Czech Republic is doing from 2011. In 2011 2013 it was 4 5 WNV positive horses, in 2014 it was already 13 horses from a total of 783 horses tested positive WNV. Various geographic distribution of horses and high specific antibody titers according to veterinarians indicate increasing activity of the virus in the Czech Republic and the possible expansion of WNV into new areas. The thesis also analyzes three cases of WNV disease that have been imported to the Czech Republic from the USA, Tanzania and from Cyprus. In thesis is also described the first autochthonous case of WNV infection in the Czech Republic in 2013 which demonstrates the changing epidemiological situation in the country. Based on the obtained data is appreciable that the virus will be with regard to a changing climate and increased globalization spread to new areas in which will be probably cause diseases with serious clinical course. Whereas the virus has a tends to mutation it is expected also a gradual change of the clinical picture. To stop the spread of the virus should be carried out surveillance at all levels. Insomuch as is not in current time human vaccine available to curb the spread of the The essential elements od prevention includes informing tourists traveling to high-risk countries and countries potentially risky.
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Pakistan: Key Factor for American Involvement in Afghanistan (during presidency of George W. Bush)
Snášel, Filip ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Anděl, Petr (referee)
American relations with Pakistan went through various ups and downs from being allied during the Cold war to imposing sanctions in last decade of the twentieth century. After 9/11 attack on World Trade Center and Pentagon Pakistan quickly joined the United States in the War on Terror. In my thesis I analyze positions and influence of Pakistan during invasion to Afghanistan. and seven next years of the Operation Enduging Freedom during George W. Bush administration. At first I concentrate on historical experience of Pakistan and development in the area before american invasion to Afghanistan. I also surveying terrorist movements on Pakistani soil, which are important for later development and are connected to Pakistani secret service ISI. ISI tried some years after 2001 to maintain friendly relations with Taliban and other terrorist groups along Afghan - Pakistan border, but terrorists, basically anti-system movements, wanted to establish in Pakistan and Afghanistan states constituted as Islamic emirates. President Musharraf under pressure of forthcoming events and the United States understood that supporting Taliban is no longer sustainable policy and decided to act against terrorist groups home in Pakistan. This move however triggered suicide bombings and massive uprising which hit in 2006/2007...
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RSA Algorithm and Its Use in Electronic Communication with State Authorities
FROULA, Stanislav
This bachelor thesis focuses on the RSA algorithm and it's use in electronic communication. The RSA algorithm is curently one of the most widely used asymmetric encryption algorithms. It was first publicly described in 1977 by the mathematicians Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman. It's the first algorithm that is suitable for both electronic signature and public key encryption. The theoretical part explains all related concepts of cryptography. The basic operating principle of the algorithm is described in specific simplified example. It also includes a description of public key encryption and a list of institutions, which use digital signature to verify authenticity of the sender. The practical part focuses on a questionnaire survey, which investigates the awareness level of internet banking users in term of security of using internet banking and following the security policy recommended by banks. The results are analysed and evaluated at the end of the thesis.
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Diagnostic methodology of timber construction
Zouharová, Kateřina ; Heřmánková, Věra (referee) ; Anton, Ondřej (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the appraisal of a wooden roof construction in reconstructed family house in the village Lomnice. The first part describes the structure and properties of wood, in the next section followed by a description of diagnostic methods. The final chapter is complete diagnostics of wooden roof truss with remediation measures. Rating roof truss was based on a survey of sensory and instrumental methods. In the first part was determined the type of roof truss system. In the next section was researched damage of elements and his causes. Remedial measures were established for each type of damage to the components resist any attack as long as possible.
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Mobbing and bossing in the workplace in helping professions
PETRUŇOVÁ, Lucie Žofie
Mobbing and bossing is currently still more topical issue and not only in helping professions. Areas such as health service and social work are assessed as high-risk areas. The main aims of this thesis were to find out whether the employees working in the helping professions faced the bullying in the workplace and if, how was the frequency of the bullying, and what are the most common indicators of mobbing and bossing with which the employees were confronted. The survey showed that the employees working in the helping professions have some experience with mobbing and bossing. The most common signs of mobbing were: spread of false information and lies about the respondent; complaining to the manager about the respondent; the respondents often think about the person also outside the workplace, the respondent is gradually ignored by the employees who formerly talked to him/her; all the mistakes made by the respondent were exaggerated; the respondent was ignored and set apart from the collective; the respondent was not invited to the social events where the other employees were invited or such events were kept apart from him/her; the work of the respondent was constantly monitored and its correctness was questioned; the respondent a target of constant ridicules and innuendos (clothes, handicap?); the other employees were leaving the room where the respondent stayed; when the respondent joined the collective, the others stopped talking; the education and qualification of the respondent was questioned; the respondent was blamed for any unsatisfactory work in the workplace; the colleagues sent meaningless messages and information to the respondent; during the absence of the respondent happened significant changed in the workplace; the things of the respondent kept losing in the workplace, the respondent was constantly moved into some other office; the respondent was treated with contemptuous gestures and jeers; the respondent attacked by the other employees; the religion, nationality or political ideas of the respondent were criticized or the respondent was addressed by an abusive nickname. The employees also experienced bossing. The most common signs of bossing were: assigning of a job which was not part of the respondent?s working competences; assigning of too easy or too complicated tasks; threatening with dismissal; abnormal checking of the attendance; senseless taking of competences and duties away; assigning of many tasks which were not possible to fulfil till deadline; non-acceptance of personal leave and holiday; monitoring of job successes and failures; unexpected surprises; constant monitoring of work done, much bigger than by the others; moving to other and outlying offices and last but not least social isolation from collective and working meetings as well.
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The social roles of HIV positive Tswanas in North West province, Republic of South Africa.
DOBROVOLNÁ, Pavla
In 2006 there were 39.5 million people around the world living with HIV/AIDS, of which more than 63.5% were in sub-Saharan Africa. The number of people infected by the HIV virus in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) in 2005 reached 5.54 million. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS varies in each South African province according to the socio-economic environment. The North West Province (NWP) is one of the nine provinces of RSA. In 2003 the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in NWP was 29.9%. Little attention has been paid to the care and support services for people living with HIV/AIDS. Möller and Petr (2003) proved in their research, entitled ``Health related quality of life, HRQOL, of Tswana in North West Province, RSA{\crqq}, that the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS is worse than for the standard population. The aim of this work is, with the use of the HRQOL measuring concept in conjunction with its tool questionnaire SF-36, to determine whether there are any statistically significant differences in the fulfillment of the main social role between HIV positive Tswanas and the Oxford Healthy Life Survey, which is considered to be a standard population. The main social role for 6 out of 8 respondents was the parental one. The fulfillment of this role is negatively influenced by HIV/AIDS, particularly on an emotional level. The secondary aim of this work is to prove whether there are differences in the quality of life between the research group of this thesis, 2007, and the research group of Möller and Petr, 2003. The assessment of HRQOL showed that the quality of life of Tswanas with HIV/AIDS in 2007 is better than in 2003. This might be as a result of respondents{\crq} participation in a support group, as well as respondents working in their community as community health workers. Social contact has proved extremely useful in maintaining a good quality of life. This was also proved by a contact questionnaire, which was attached to the SF-36 questionnaire. The third aim of this thesis is to evaluate the care of people living with HIV/AIDS in RSA, in the period 2003 {--} 2007. The progress of care was determined by the secondary analysis of data, particularly for support groups, Home Community Based Care (HCBC), Voluntary Counselling and Testing (VCT) and anti-retroviral therapy (ART) {--} these support services play a very important role in the care system of people living with HIV/AIDS.
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Teaching of digital safety at the secondary and high school
ZELENKA, Jakub
This thesis deals with the issue of digital security at primary and secondary schools. This means first of all taking into account important aspects of computer security, such as protection of your equipment from dangerous viruses and pirate attacks with security software, the correct backup and manage their data. Furthermore, the focus on prudent behavior on the Internet, including caution against email threats, fraudulent behavior of some users and prudent use of social networks. It also provides password security with an emphasis on strong password management and also the issue of copyright law. The work included content analysis of Czech curricula given to the issue. They are listed here similar studies related to the topic of research theory and the main research of this thesis. In this research included a survey investigating the competence of students of the above schools in teaching computer security, the results are evaluated and compared with the findings of state documents related to the issue of teaching ICT.
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The issue of players' rugby injuries in the Czech Republic
Novotný, David ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Tůma, Martin (referee)
Title: The issue of players' rugby injuries in the Czech Republic. Objective: The main objective of this thesis is to map the kinds of rugby players' injuries, who play the highest competition in the Czech Republic. It also determine the frequency of various injuries, duration of treatment and the search for connections with the players position on the field, injuries and game situations. Method: Information was obtained by nonstandardized questionnaire survey of rugby players by all new eight (previously ten) extra league senior teams in the Czech Republic. A total of 133 questionnaires were analyzed. For the analysis of the data obtained was used software Microsoft Excel 2007. Results: In extraleague of rugby in the Czech Republic was the most injury lacerations (24.2%), followed by ligament injuries (19.8%), dislocations (18.7%), injuries of the head/brain (12.6 %) and other (4.5%). Players of scrum most suffered lacerations, but attackers and scrumhalves/flyhalves injury of the head/brain. The overall average duration of treatment was 6.6 weeks. According to various positions: attackers 8 weeks, players of scrum 6.1 weeks and scrumhalf/flyhalf 5.4 weeks. The most injuries occur during defensive tackling (43%) and attacking (31%). Most injuries according to anatomical structure were on head...
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