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Experiance of the midwife in care of woman by childbirth of dead fetus.
ČERNÁ, Lenka
Intrauterine fetal death is a serious medical and nursing problem. Midwifes in the delivery room do not come across this diagnosis often, so the women in labour should be looked after by sufficiently experienced and educated midwives, who are well aware of the problem and are able to satisfy the needs of the woman in all its complexity. The theoretical part of the Study describes the causes of intrauterine fetal death, the symptoms, the complications, the diagnostical and therapeutical procedures. From the nursing point of view the Study focuses on midwives? care of the woman prior to the delivery, during labour, in the puerperium and in the subsequent ambulatory care. It also deals with the importance of farewell ritual with the child and with the psycho-social aspects of this problem. I have included a chapter on civil legal requirements that arise from this situation. The aim of this Study was to compare nursing care of women with stillbirth in selected maternity hospitals. I compare the midwives´ approach, ways and means of saying goodbye to the child and try to ascertain the level of awareness of the legal requirements relating to this situation amongst the midwives.Qualitative methodological approach was selected for the research. The investigation was conducted through semi-structured non-directive interviews. The results of the interviews were processed, analyzed and arranged into transparent schemes with a description. The research group consists of eight respondents from five different workplaces. The respondents were selected on the condition that they had been working in the delivery room and have experience with the care of a woman with stillbirth. Upon completing this research, the first research question could be answered. The nursing care of the woman with stillbirth is in all the facilities comparable. The midwife monitors the condition of the woman in labour and the course of the labour. All facilities make an effort to ensure the woman?s privacy, allow the partner?s presence and focus on good analgesia. Empathetic and sensitive approach to the woman is matter of course. The second research question was also answered. It was established that the farewell with the child is not facilitated in most of the monitored delivery rooms. At most workplaces the midwives do not actively offer the farewell with the child to the woman although they believe that this ritual bears great importance. The third research question can be answered that the midwives? awareness of the civil legal formalities in this area is not very high. Almost all respondents knew about the possibility to name and bury the stillborn child, but the midwives? knowledge about the maternity benefits and death allowance is not sufficient. The results of the research show that it is important to focus on improving the awareness of midwives in the care of a woman with stillbirth. The solution would be to organize a seminar on this topic. In the seminar, the midwives would acquaint themselves with the appropriate approach to the woman in labour, the possibilities of communication, about the importance of the farewell ritual with the child, the possible ways of this ritual and the information about the naming, burial and the maternity benefit. Another suitable method would be to create a training leaflet that would summarize the basic information related to this issue. This work could contribute to raising awareness amongst the midwives and thereby women in labour would receive not only professional care of their basic biological needs but also the adequate support in the psycho-social field. Midwives would become competent accompanying persons in this, for the woman very challenging time of life.
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Nutrition of patients in oncology departments
FOUSKOVÁ, Diana
The title of my bachelor thesis is Nutrition of Patients in Oncology Departments. In the theoretical part, I focused on the characteristics of malnutrition cancer, its symptoms, types of tumor malnutrition, its causes and consequences. Then I mentioned and described the various changes in metabolism of an oncology patient and a diagnosis of malnutrition. In the next part I described various types of nutritional support. In the theoretical part, I also focused on cancer therapy, where I described types of cancer treatment, various side effects of cancer therapy associated with intake of food and beverages and for every undesirable side effect I stated dietary recommendations. In the last part I mentioned risk factors and prevention of cancer. The goal of the practical part of my bachelor thesis was to determine the nutritional status of hospitalized patients in oncology departments in the context of anticancer therapy. I responded to three research questions: 1. "How does the antitumor therapy affect quality and quantity of consumed food?" 2. "How often must parenteral and enteral nutrition be applied to these patients?" 3. "How does the antitumor therapy affect the patient's weight?" The method quantitative and qualitative research was used for processing of the research part. The research was conducted by creating a week's records of diet, which were recorded by hospitalized patients in two departments of oncology. The research sample consisted of 50 oncology patients. Week's records of diet were recorded by 30 patients at University Hospital in Olomouc and by 20 patients at the University Hospital in Motol, Prague. The results were processed by Nutriservis software. Values of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates calculated by Nutriservis software were compared with the recommended values corresponding with weight and age of the patient. I also examined the number of cases of parenteral and enteral nutrition and weight loss during cancer therapy by having records of the patient's weight at the beginning of anticancer treatments and their current weight. All patients were in the second half of anticancer treatment. I learned this information from patient documentation. To be allowed to have a look into the patient's documentation I prepared informed consent form, which I had consequently signed by the patients. The processed data are interpreted using tables and graphs, which are always accompanied by commentary. I have divided patients into groups according to diagnoses for evaluation. The results show that most patients have an inadequate intake of energy and essential nutrients. Food intake of patients has shown to be dependant on the type of tumor. Patients with carcinomas of the upper digestive tract, colon and carcinomas of liver, gall bladder and pancreas have larger deficiency of energy, proteins, fats and carbohydrates in comparison to patients with genital carcinomas. Patients with carcinomas of the kidney and urinary tract have also shown a significant deficit of energy, protein, fat and carbohydrates. The nutritional support was very common, particularly to patients to whom the tumor caused obstruction of some part of their digestive tract. As for carcinomas of the upper digestive tract, PEG is implemented to most patients. Very common was providing of sipping as an addition to their normal diet and in case of major nutrition complications parenteral nutrition was also often applied. The weight loss was apparent on most the patients. How significant was the weight loss depended on the type of tumor. Adequate intake of energy, nutrients and drinks during anticancer treatment is very important for patients. In the case of formation or developement of tumor malnutrition or developement of complications associated with food intake, nutritional support should be ensured timely according to patient's individual condition.
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The evaluation of dietary intake substrates and nutrients in pregnancy.
Sovišová, Petra ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
THE EVALUATION OF DIETARY INTAKE SUBSTRATES AND NUTRIENTS IN PREGNANCY Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Petra Sovišová The right nourishment during pregnancy plays key role not only for the healthy development of fetus, but also for over-all health of future mother during pregnancy and after delivery. The aim of this study was to find out by various testing of nourishment in the group of pregnant women nutrition intake of energy, vitamins and minerals in current times in the Czech Republic. Testing was done on weekly basis of all intook nutrition in the group of randomely selected pregnant women since the second trimestr of pregnancy, different age and education, where was suspection of differency in nutrition. The study took place in the period of March to October 2006. Data were processed by NutriDan computer system. First part of my work is on theory basis.In this part I was mainly concerned by intake of lipids, sacharids, proteins and overall energy intake during pregnancy. I was mainly concerned in individual cases on their lack or overlap on individual woman during pregnancy. The results of such measurements are listed in second part of my diploma work. Volumes show, that intake of lipids, sacharides and proteins are relative equal to recommended daily dose for pregnant women in...
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Support of gender diversity in LEGO Production in 2015
Vostrá, Renata ; Barák, Vladimír (advisor) ; Brabec, Petr (referee)
The thesis focuses on the support system that the company offers to parents, especially women -- mothers whilst returning back to work after parental leave and therefore also the support of the gender diversity in the company. The theoretical part explains basic terms related to the area of gender diversity and briefly dives into the history of gender. It also characterizes the labor market with the focus on discrimination of people in the labor market and then introduces the policy of equal opportunities in EU and Czech Republic. All of the above was created as a result of research from different literature sources. The empirical part of the thesis presents results of the analysis of the statistical data that describe the current state of the company in regards to the number of salaried employees, the share of managerial and non-managerial positions and the number of employees who are currently on the maternal or parental leave. Then, the empirical part also presents the results of the survey that was conducted in the form of questionnaires and was focused on employee perception of the company's support for employees -- parents. Based on that, there are suggestions presented on how to motivate employees to go back to work earlier than the standard parental leave term in the Czech Republic and therefore help to achieve a healthy work-life balance of employees -- parents.
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The analysis of antibiotics expositio in inpatients after transplantion of stem cells
Dobrovolný, Lukáš ; Vlček, Jiří (advisor) ; Matoulková, Petra (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FARMACEUTICKÁ FAKULTA V HRADCI KRÁLOVÉ KATEDRA SOCIÁLNÍ A KLINICKÉ FARMACIE Abstract of diploma thesis Lukáš Dobrovolný 2008 The analysis of exposition of antibacterial drugs in patiens after stem cell transplantation The thesis focused on gaining the resistence level data connected with six most common microbial organisms isolated in Czech republic even through whole Europe. The uniqueness of the study flows from the characterisitics of analysed patients'group with sorted serious blood malignities requiring bone marrow transplantation. Moreover the thesis' aim is to judge, whether the correctness, accuracy, frequency of the administration and the sufficiency of the used daily dosages of the antimicrobial drugs in the cliníc was in order. The script also addresses to the field of combined antimicrobial treatment. It also scans, which drugs are administered in the hospitál department and under what circumstances and those empirical data compares with the guidelines. This diploma work observes as well the popularity of administered medicaments and examines their usage during two investigated years. The present day state referring to multi or poly rezistent germs including the mechanisms of the selection of these perilous clones is analysed in the theoretical part. That thesis...
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Histone code and its regulation during early embryonic development in pigs
Jelínková, Pavla ; Žalmanová, Tereza (advisor) ; Miriama, Miriama (referee)
Both pronuclei of the zygote undergo epigenetic changes after fertilization, which determines the quality of the zygote and successful early mammalian embryonic development. Shortly after fertilization epigenetic asymmetry among the pronuclei of the zygote is evident, while the paternal pronucleus undergoes active DNA demethylation, the DNA of the maternal pronucleus remains methylated. The male pronucleus in addition undergoes histone acetylation, whereas the histones of the female pronucleus remain methylated. Asymmetry of pronuclei and their epigenetic status predicts successful reprogramming of the genome, and thus the success of embryonic development. For the successful development of the embryo is therefore required correct formation of both of these pronuclei of the zygote and this formation of pronuclei is regulated by post-translational histone modifications called histone code. It was hypothesized that the histone code is regulated by the activity of NADP+ - dependent histone deacetylases, sirtuins.
In the experiment were used fully grown in vitro maturated pig oocytes that were fertilized with pig spermatozoa in vitro. After isolation of zygotes cultured with addition of the activator sirtuin resveratrol was performed immunofluorescence analysis of acetylated and methylated histone H3 at lysine K9 of pronuclei of the zygotes. From the results of control group asymmetry between the pronuclei of the zygote is evident; wherein the male pronucleus exhibits higher acetylation intensity contrast female pronucleus exhibits higher methylation intensity. After adding resveratrol to all experimental groups female pronucleus showed a significant increase of the methylated histone H3 at lysine K9, and contrary to the male pronucleus significant decrease of acetylated histone H3 at lysine K9.
Sirtuins are involved in the regulation of histone code in porcine zygote and it can be assumed that they also play a role during subsequent embryonic development, which is the subject of further study.
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The development and actual situation of the German dialect on the territory of Rio Grande do Sul
Pufflerová, Alena ; Jindrová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Hricsina, Jan (referee)
The subject matter of the thesis is the German dialect on the territory of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil): its origin, development and functioning. In 1824, following the invitation of the king, the first German settlers came to Brazil to colonize Rio Grande do Sul, which had until then been uninhabited. The second chapter is dedicated to the settlement of Rio Grande do Sul. Soon the Germans, who were regarded as a closed community with no desire to assimilate, began to provoke fears. This culminated in the era of the dictatorship of Vargas, the so-called Estado Novo (New State), during which the two basic human rights, namely the right to maintain the mother-tongue and the language of education right, were taken away. The language policy of Vargas constitutes the topic of the third chapter. German-Brazil is a cumulative name for the German dialects spoken in Brazil with a great deal of Portuguese language elements, on all language levels. Typologically, it is an example of a mixed language. The way in which this language functions is illustrated in the fourth chapter. During the last four generations, the number of German-Brazil speakers has been falling. While the older generation is bilingual, Portuguese prevails in the younger one. German-Brazil is spoken predominantly in the rural areas, where it is a...
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Quality of turf on golf field Mystěves and recommendation of management
Nová, Michaela ; Svobodová, Miluše (advisor) ; Zuzana, Zuzana (referee)
For this bachelor thesis was selected eighteen hole golf course - golf complex Myštěves. Golf Course was founded in 2001 commissioning znormovaného public course. In 2003 opened the first nine holes Club Course and in 2010 opened the second club nine, so that efforts to complete a good eighteen-hole course. Visitor statistics were monitored throughout the season 2012. This monitoring was carried out using an Internet portal TEE-TIME. This observation was statistically evaluated. During the 2012 season was visited golf complex Myštěves 6054 players. Most players have been recorded in the month of August and that 1375 players. In contrast, the least-visited month was November 2012, when the total number of players was only 156th. Speed measurements using two different greens "Stimpmetru" showed that in most measurements, the moving speed of greens at optimal levels, which is very favorable. Soil reaction on the greens, the whole course is at optimal levels, thus not need to have to modify it. This is due to soil conditions and fertilizers used. For monitoring pest was found to occur in a given location in a small extent. In contrast, algae, magical circularity grass, dry grass and small ohniskovitosti plísňovitosti lawn was highest in the summer months when this increase was supported by changeable weather with alternating rain and hot days. The highest incidence was on the greens, where arrangements were made for their removal. As proposals for action was carried out in-depth aeration of greens with applications topdresingu. This operation should improve intake of water, fertilizers and support microbial life in the upper layer of the sward. After topdresingu hearty salad dressing was performed and after 14 days on the greens combined nitrogen fertilizer applied the late summer and autumn managed to eliminate the incidence of diseases. The biggest problem of this golf course is outdated equipment maintenance lawns. Specifically mowers Ransomes (produced 1985-1997), the mower Jacobsen (the year 1994), tractor Zetor 6711 (the year 1978), bunkrovačka Toro (1997) and others. The problem with the club trying to solve, but the main obstacle is the lack of funds for the purchase of a new fleet. There are efforts to modernize, but in a very limited scale.
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