|
| |
|
| |
|
|
Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime
Doležal, Tomáš ; Kocum, Jan (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime Abstract: Despite a number of research projects, the influence of peat bogs on the hydrological regime remains a largely unexplored topic. In the past, several peat bogs in the Šumava National Park were exposed to a very strong anthropogenic pressure. Subsequently, revitalizing measures were applied to mitigate the impact of human interventions, to stop the degradation of these precious habitats, and to reform the disturbed peat bog water regime. This thesis is focused especially on fluctuations of water table level and on the hydrological regime in the catchments of Rokytka and Cikánský Brooks. Thesis further develops the topic solved in author's bachelor thesis called "Peat bog revitalizing measures and their effect on runoff dynamics in the Otava River headstream area." It contains experimental research of the influence of drainage canals and revitalizing measures on water table fluctuation. It also aims to identify the extent to which meteorological factors contribute to changes in groundwater level and to assess the present state of revitalization measures and their influence on the runoff regime. Key words: peat bogs, revitalizing measures, Šumava Mountains, water regime
|
|
|
Influence of physiogeographic conditions on runoff extremity (Case study: Comparison of small catchments in the central area of Šumava Mountains)
Hojovec, Daniel ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Matoušková, Milada (referee)
In connection with the increasing occurrence of extreme hydrological situations, new opportunities for flood protection are emerging. Among these options also includes the gradually increase water retention capacity and to reduce runoff variability in headstream areas. This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of three physical geographical different river basins in the headstream area of Šumava mountains. The main aim of this study is a research influence of physiogeographic conditions on runoff extremity in the catchment of individual selected streams on the basis of a comparative analysis. Extremity runoff is represented by selected flood situations that were processed on the basis of data from the experimental monitoring of Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague. The opening part of this thesis consists of literary research, physical geographical and hydrographical characteristics of all catchment areas. The main part of the thesis is focused on description and comparison of extreme situations in the monitored catchments. The conclusion of the thesis is an evaluation, which consists in the assessment of the influence of physiogeographic conditions on runoff extremity. In the final evaluation it was found that the reaction of Černý...
|
|
|
Revitalization of selected sites of excavated peat bogs
JANÁK, Bohumil
Roast moorland one of the unique South Bohemian habitats. Currently, these sites are protected by law and they paid great attention to the media and professional - the general public. Local unique biodiversity is linked to hydrological conditions in the area, they live here rare species of animals and unique diverse plant communities. Despite this fact, a large part of the area previously used for peat extraction. These interventions, however, fundamentally not damage the local area and biological processes. That all changed beginning of the industrial peat extraction, where a large part of the territory forcibly drained, and cut down massively damaged by subsequent mining. Drainage of land degradation brought about significant changes in the local flor, faun and peat. After mining was part of the territory of unprofessional revitalized using improper procedures and are non-native plants such as: Giant cage and others. Since 1998 in this and surrounding areas held a program to rescue these unique habitats revitalization of Šumava wetlands and peatlands. Its main aim is to rescue the damaged wetlands and marshes, groundwater and increase the overall improvement of the water regime in the landscape. This program could involve the general public.
|
|
|
Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime
Doležal, Tomáš ; Kocum, Jan (advisor) ; Kliment, Zdeněk (referee)
Assessment the effect of revitalizing measures of chosen peat bogs in the upper Vydra River basin on their water regime Abstract: Despite a number of research projects, the influence of peat bogs on the hydrological regime remains a largely unexplored topic. In the past, several peat bogs in the Šumava National Park were exposed to a very strong anthropogenic pressure. Subsequently, revitalizing measures were applied to mitigate the impact of human interventions, to stop the degradation of these precious habitats, and to reform the disturbed peat bog water regime. This thesis is focused especially on fluctuations of water table level and on the hydrological regime in the catchments of Rokytka and Cikánský Brooks. Thesis further develops the topic solved in author's bachelor thesis called "Peat bog revitalizing measures and their effect on runoff dynamics in the Otava River headstream area." It contains experimental research of the influence of drainage canals and revitalizing measures on water table fluctuation. It also aims to identify the extent to which meteorological factors contribute to changes in groundwater level and to assess the present state of revitalization measures and their influence on the runoff regime. Key words: peat bogs, revitalizing measures, Šumava Mountains, water regime
|
|
|
An ecological perspective on diatom morphology.
Fialová, Markéta ; Kulichová, Jana (advisor) ; Hodač, Ladislav (referee)
A traditional species concept of diatoms is based on morphological characters of their siliceous boxes. A multidisciplinary approach to defining species of diatoms has revealed the hidden diversity within the traditionally defined species. But the newly recognized species are morphological variable and indistinguishable by the naked eye. Recent studies showed that different morphotypes show different ecological preferences. This master thesis focuses on the morphology of natural populations of the diatom species complex Frustulia rhomboides which contains both the traditional and the cryptic species, and it engages how the morphology reflects the effects of environmental conditions. Landmark methods of geometric morphometrics were used in order to analyze the morphological variability of diatom frustules of this species complex within various peat bog habitats in the Czech Republic. Selected environmental parameters were measured and the species composition of diatom communities present in the samples was investigated. These data were used to analyze the relationship between the environmental conditions and the cell shape variability within the complex. The analysis revealed the main trends of morphological variability related to different environmental conditions. Two morphotypes characteristic...
|
|
|
Distribution, diversity and ecology of benthic desmids along local spatial scale
Svoboda, Pavel ; Šťastný, Jan (advisor) ; Řeháková, Klára (referee)
Besides spatial heterogeneity, an important component of diversity of the protist communities is also the variation in species assemblages through time (temporal turnover). Spatial and temporal variation in patterns of distribution and abundance of lentic microphytobenthos assemblages is often large and occurs at relatively small spatial scale. Desmids (Zygnematophyceae) often constitute a characteristic part of the microphytobenthos of peat bogs. Despite their important role in primary production and fact that they are useful indicators of ecosystem uniqueness, investigations of their seasonality and spatial distribution are scarce. In my thesis I have investigated if desmid epipelic communities are driven rather by neutral or niche-based processes, and I also focused on the factors affecting their diversity, seasonal dynamics and spatial patterns at the local spatial scale. The study was conducted at the two different types of biotopes - minerotrophic lowland peat bogs (Doksy region) and ombrotrophic raised bogs (Jizera Mountains region). Seasonal changes in species composition and diversity of assemblages were not evident. This may be affected by a monopolization effect and also that local abundance of species was positively correlated with population persistence, which suggests that high local...
|
|
|
Comparison of attendance of two peat bogs (Chalupská a Jezerní slať) in Šumava National Park
DUTKA, Ladislav
Peat bogs of the Šumava National Park are very valuable biotopes with an occurrence of the specific flora and fauna, including glacial relicts. But these localities are also very attractive for tourists, so it is important to find the reasonable compromise between an attendance and a nature protection. The study is dealing with the touristic attendance of two peat bogs ? Chalupská and Jezerní slať. The work is divided into two parts. The first, theoretical part, include a literary review about the character, history and use of these peat bogs. A practical part monitors the attendance of the peat bogs and analyses the research via questionnaire, focused on the comparison of Chalupská and Jezerní slať popularity among tourists. During five days of the research, it was found that Chalupská slať is not more popular than Jezerní. Mostly Czech tourists visited both peat bogs, they consider information boards as contributing, though most of them do not read all the information. Most of the visitors came by bicycle, stayed for a longer vacation (more than 7 days) and preferred guest houses accommodation to camping sites. The problem of a sustainability of these localities attendance is also outlined.
|
|
|
Good parasitic wasps gone bad: a short review of two stories of the oceanic and habitat islands
Lozan, Aurel ; Spitzer, Karel ; Jaroš, Josef
Braconid parasitoid Cotesia glomerata, which was accidentally introduced into Canary Islands became real threat to the Canary Island Large White butterfly (Pieris cheiranthi). The multiple confirmation of the origin of the introduced parasitoid (morphology, DNA, ecology) suggests that these opportunistic parasitoids might be a serious danger to native isolated fauna. Such model relationships can be found in isolated paleorefugial habitats of the central European peat bogs, which are historical habitat islands of unique local taxa. A recent discovery of some opportunistic parasitoids attacking tyrphobiontic Lepidoptera in several isolated bogs of South Bohemia suggest these wasps might invade isolated habitats and cause serious population destruction of paleorefugial hosts.
|
guest ::
