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Black carbon measuruments comparison
Vítová, Jana ; Zíková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Vondráková Pokorná, Petra (referee)
This thesis focuses on comparing three devices designed for measuring equivalent black carbon (referred to as eBC - equivalent black carbon), specifically the MAAP instrument (Multi-Angle Absorption Photometer) model 5012, the Aethalometer model AE33, and a semi-continuous analyzer of organic and elemental carbon. The instruments collected eBC concentrations at the Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the Czech Academy of Sciences (Ústav chemických procesů AV ČR, v.v.i.) in the northwest of Prague from October 4, 2021, to September 30, 2022. Initially, total eBC concentrations were compared between all mentioned instruments using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test. Subsequently, daily, weekly, and annual variations in BC were determined. Finally, values of the Ångström absorption coefficient, mass absorption cross section (MAC), and harmonization factor C, which had not been determined for the mentioned measurement area, were calculated. For all instruments, a mutual agreement was found, confirmed by correlation coefficients: AE33 and MAAP with r=0.88, AE33 and OC/EC with r=0.83, and MAAP and OC/EC with r=0.76. The coefficients of determination between individual instruments were also obtained: AE33 and OC/EC with Rš=0.68, OC/EC and MAAP with Rš=0.57, and AE33 and MAAP with Rš=0.77. The...
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Mikrobiologie čerstvých a polotvrdých sýrů – změny v počtech významných skupin mikroorganismů v průběhu výroby a skladování.
Vítová, Jana
The aim of the thesis was to find out whether the numbers of important groups of microorganisms in fresh and semi-hard cheeses change during storage. Changes in the number of microorganisms were detected by microbiological analysis, where significant groups of microorganisms were determined. The total number of microorganisms, psychrotrophic microorganisms, coliforms including Escherichia coli, lactic acid bacteria and micromycetes including yeasts and molds were detected. The microorganisms were detected in fresh cheeses packed in boxes, vacuum packed stored for 14 days and stored for 21 days. The fresh cheeses were produced in the dairy manufactory of the Faculty of AgriSciences at Mendel University and contained four different concentrations of cream starter. For the semi-hard cheeses microbiological analysis was carried out on delivery of the cheeses to the laboratory and subsequently at an interval of either 14 days or 8 weeks. The semi-hard cheeses were obtained from the market. Very low numbers of coliforms and moulds were detected in packaged fresg cheeses. On the other hand, due to the longer storage time, there was a significant decrease in lactic acid bacteria. Longer storage period resulted in higher detection of yeast and psychrotrophic microorganisms. As for semi-hard cheeses that were analysed after 8 weeks, there was a decrease in the total number of microorganisms and lactic acid bacteria. For semi-hard cheeses analysed after 14 days, higher total numbers of microorganisms, psychrotrophic bacteria and moulds were detected. No coliforms were detected in any of the semi-hard cheeses, including Escherichia coli. The results of the work showed that vacuum packaging of fresh cheeses can extend their shelf life. However, longer storage times reduce lactic acid bacteria.
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Child, Illness, Hospital
Křížová, Petra ; Sivek, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vítová, Jana (referee)
My bachelor's thesis is called "Child, illness, hospital". These three words express the theme. I chose the topic of a hospitalized child for several reasons. Among them is my volunteering in Motol teaching hospital, my work experience in Dětské Kardiocentrum and least but not last a personal experience from my childhood. The text falls in two parts - a theoretical and a practical one. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Genetic diversity and evolutionary history of Czech endemic taxa from the genus Dianthus
Vítová, Jana
This MSc. thesis deals with karyological, genetic and phenotypic variation of selected taxa from the genus Dianthus L. in the Czech Republic and adjacent countries. The evolutionary history of the genus has been shaped by several microevolutionary processes, including interspecific hybridization, genome duplication, and edaphic speciation. These processes led to the origin of a number of phenotypically similar taxa, which are often restricted to a narrow geographic area. One subendemic and three endemic taxa occur in the Czech Republic. These (sub)species were used as model groups to gain insight into microevolutionary processes in small populations and the postglacial development of the genus in Central Europe. The thesis consists of three parts, each addressing different evolutionary phenomenon: Dianthus arenarius subsp. bohemicus is a critically endangered endemic psammophyte currently known from a single population in Central Bohemia. The site is also inhabited by widespread D. carthusianorum. Interspecific hybridization has been suspected on the basis of morphological characters, but this has never been confirmed by any other technique. I exploited differences in the number of chromosomes between both species and, with the aid of DAPI flow cytometry, estimated relative DNA contents of most...
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Possibilities of ex situ protection of rare and endangered plant species
Vítová, Jana ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dostálek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to present the possibilities, significance and possible problems of ex-situ protection for the future conservation of biodiversity of plants on Earth. In the introductory part of the thesis, the individual processes and programs of ex situ protection are described, with the help of literature search. At the same time, information on international cooperation in the field of seed banks and botanical gardens is presented, which, through their activities and mutual cooperation, create rescue programs to secure as many samples of plant material for possible future use. The work also mentions international plant databases, which provide the accurate and detailed information about the preserved material of rare and endangered plant species for the public. Further in the thesis, the currently known problems of ex situ protection with their impacts on the collected and stored material are mapped. Keywords Ex situ conservation, threatened plants, Ministry of the Environment, database, seed dormancy, inbreeding, outbreed depression, cultivation, seed bank, botanical gardens, tissue cultures, in vitro, genetic drift, mutation, hybridization, wildlife conservation, endangered species, threatened species
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Genetic diversity and evolutionary history of Czech endemic taxa from the genus Dianthus
Vítová, Jana
This MSc. thesis deals with karyological, genetic and phenotypic variation of selected taxa from the genus Dianthus L. in the Czech Republic and adjacent countries. The evolutionary history of the genus has been shaped by several microevolutionary processes, including interspecific hybridization, genome duplication, and edaphic speciation. These processes led to the origin of a number of phenotypically similar taxa, which are often restricted to a narrow geographic area. One subendemic and three endemic taxa occur in the Czech Republic. These (sub)species were used as model groups to gain insight into microevolutionary processes in small populations and the postglacial development of the genus in Central Europe. The thesis consists of three parts, each addressing different evolutionary phenomenon: Dianthus arenarius subsp. bohemicus is a critically endangered endemic psammophyte currently known from a single population in Central Bohemia. The site is also inhabited by widespread D. carthusianorum. Interspecific hybridization has been suspected on the basis of morphological characters, but this has never been confirmed by any other technique. I exploited differences in the number of chromosomes between both species and, with the aid of DAPI flow cytometry, estimated relative DNA contents of most...
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Taxation of income of natural persons (comparison of legislation in the CR and selected EU countries)
Vítová, Jana ; Novotný, Petr (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Pavlína (referee)
57 9. Summary In my thesis I analyze the legislation on personal income taxes applicable in the Czech Republic, in the Slovak Republic and in a few selected member states of the European Union, with its main purpose to highlight the specificity of the legislation and to state reasons why it is most unlikely to achieve the full harmonization of personal income tax within the European Union. The thesis is divided into an introduction, four main chapters and a conclusion. The Introduction is focused on the reasons of my choice of the topic and I point out the importance of the issue. In Chapter Two, firstly, I analyze the concept of taxation in general, then other individual terms related to the income tax and the specific legislation according to the Act no. 586/1992 Coll., on Income Tax, another tax related legislation, and other specifics of the Czech income tax legislation. Similarly has been continued in Chapter Three, which briefly describes the evolution and the applicable legislation of personal income tax in the Slovak Republic. Chapter Four deals with the harmonization process within the European Union, the methods of elimination of the international double taxation, legislation applicable on this issue in the Czech Republic and mainly it analyzes the personal income tax legislation applicable in a...
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Child, Illness, Hospital
Křížová, Petra ; Sivek, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Vítová, Jana (referee)
My bachelor's thesis is called "Child, illness, hospital". These three words express the theme. I chose the topic of a hospitalized child for several reasons. Among them is my volunteering in Motol teaching hospital, my work experience in Dětské Kardiocentrum and least but not last a personal experience from my childhood. The text falls in two parts - a theoretical and a practical one. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis of the economic and political situation in Croatia in relation to the entry into the EU
Vítová, Jana ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Bič, Josef (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with Croatia, the newest member of the European Union. Within the theoretical foundations it focuses on the European integration, describes the development of the European Union and introduces the entry conditions for the candidate countries, it also characterizes the basic macroeconomic concepts, which are being used further in the work. The second part of this work presents the long journey of Croatia towards European membership, with a focus on problem areas of the accession negotiations. The main part of the work is an analysis of the economic and political situation, firstly in the period before and then after the country's accession to the EU. After that the changes which this event represents for Croatia and the European Union are evaluated. Finally, an evaluation of the country's preparedness for potential entry into the euro area is submitted along with the arguments for and against the adoption of the single currency.
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