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Monitoring of blood glucose levels during training in response to a specific caloric intake before training unit
Bohnerová, Beáta ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction: This bachelor's thesis focuses on the compensation of type 1 diabetes during and after physical activity. It is important to understand the effect of insulin, be familiar with food's glycemic index or glycemic load and primarily perform selfmonitoring, in order to prevent hypoglycemia. Object: The aim of this study is to find out, how physical activity affects glucose level and insulin consumption, find out whether athletes with 1 type DM can correctly estimate insulin dosage and glucose income before and during and after physical activity. Methods : Obtained information were arranged in case interpretation in tables for three patients with 1 DM, each table describes day's course of patients, information of glucose levels, insulin dosage, calorie intake and type of physical activity. Results: Patients with 1 type diabetes are aware of the need to adjust insulin dose before exercise, but they aren't certain, how to achieve it correctly .Taking too much insulin effectively causes hypoglycemia, one patient had 4 hypoglycemia in one day. Conclusion: Sometime it is very difficult to recognize hypoglycemia during exercise, but it is important to prevent hypoglycemia and its complications. Keywords: 1 type diabetes, diabetes and physical activity, hypoglycemia during and after exercise,...
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The readiness of patients after acute coronary syndrome for a change in living habits
Šírová, Lucie ; Tuka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Acute coronary syndrome as a manifestation of ischemic heart disease is one of the most frequent causes of mortality. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to determine the knowledge of patients after experiencing acute coronary syndrome regarding proper lifestyle changes, and especially to establish their motivation to implement these changes. The research compared respondents who experienced acute coronary syndrome during the previous year and also those who suffered from the syndrome more than a year before the research. A quantitative method of research in the form of anonymous questionnaires was used to collect the data. There were 31 respondents who participated in the survey. The outcome showed that respondents who experienced acute coronary syndrome during the previous year knew less about proper lifestyle changes, yet they had greater motivation to implement these changes than the respondents who suffered from the syndrome more than a year before the research. The results reveal that it is necessary to engage in education regarding proper changes as well as in motivation at the same time. Since both these aspects are very important for the implementation of lifestyle changes, it is desirable for the respondents to be both motivated and properly educated. Keywords: atherosclerosis, acute...
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Evaluation of eating habits and physical activities in preschool children
Vařejková, Hana ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with theme of eating habits in preschool children and their physical activities. The thesis is divided into theoretical part, which process informations have been published about this topic and the practical part, which analyses eating and physical activities in preschool children. The sources used are mentioned in final chapter of the thesis. The objective of research was to summarize an important knowledge about children nutrition and their physical activity and submit results of the research. The theoretical part offers about characteristic of preschool period, specific dietary guidelines and the most frequent dietary restrictions, presents important roles of basic macronutriens and major micronutrients essentials in preschool age. Moreover this thesis devotes to importance of physical activity and its influence of children's health and gives examples of appropriate physical activities and games for children. The practical part analyzes the main research which includes calculation of intakes of nutrients and evaluation of questionnaire related to the physical activity of preschool children. The observed sample represented 15 children between 3 and 6 years old from kindergarten Strojařů in Chrudim. Children's results were recorded by their parents. The objective of...
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Donor eating habits and drinking schedule before plasmapheresis
Hostinová, Alena ; Tuka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Indra, Tomáš (referee)
(thesis): Basis: This diploma thesis follows the bachelor thesis that concentrates on the eating habits and water intake of blood plasma donors before plasmapheresis. Goals: The research had four goals: 1) explore to what extent does providing of the educational material influence the awareness of blood plasma donors. 2) To map subjective state of health and lifestyle of plasma donors regarding their physical activity, healthy, regular, varied diet, smoking and sleep schedule. 3) To explore the knowledge of regime measures and risk behaviour before donating blood plasma. To evaluate donors' eating habits and water intake before plasmapheresis and reveal potential deficiencies. 4) Evaluate the knowledge of a given problem with those respondents who were provided with educational material in comparison with those respondents who got no educational material. Methods: An educational material was created regarding regime measures of blood plasma donors. This educational material served as the basis for standardized anonymous questionnaire. Maintaining the ethical principles and with the ethical committee's approval, overall data of 40 respondents frequenting Haematology Department and blood transfusion of the Military University Hospital Prague. The sample consisted of two groups of randomly selected...
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Nutritional and movement intervention with breast cancer patients
Andrášková, Věra ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
Breast cancer the second most common cancers in women. A weight gain, higher amount of adipose tissue and lower physical activity are risk factors for breast cancer in terms of nutritional status. Recent studies document a negative effect of adipokines, adipose tissue hormones on the development and prognosis of cancer. Likewise, the positive effect of myokines, hormones of muscle tissue, has been increasingly discussed in recent years. Influencing the amount of adipose and muscle tissue in the body is possible through nutritional and physical intervention. A cooperation with a dietitian was offered to 81 patients in the Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute. The offer of nutritional and physical intervention was accepted by 25 patients and 19 patients completed 3 months of therapy. The aim of the study was to analyze the development of weight in patients before and after the diagnosis of breast cancer, and futher to perform a nutritional intervention in the form of a 3 - month program using personal visits and online monitoring of diet and physical activity and to characterize the diet in patients with breast cancer after the intervention. From the obtained data it was not possible to perform an analysis of weight development in patients. The performed evaluation of eating habits based on a comparison...
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Caffeine and its influence on sports performance
Kadlecová, Nikola ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is composed of theoretical and practical part. The first section focuses on characteristics and history of caffeine, its effects on different parts of the body, description of sport activity, and matters of using caffeine as a form of doping in sports. On the basis of the theoretical foundation, I have composed practical part where research project is described. The project consisted of observation of the effects of caffeine during medium- term endurance activity. The aim of this thesis is to discover how consumption of caffeine before a sport activity can affect performance of an individual. For that purpose, I have used an experiment which should determine if caffeine improves performance in 1,500-metre run. The experiment involved 16 people 25.6 years old on average and with average BMI of 24. The testing included test run without the consumption of caffeine and run with caffeine when 1 hour before the run the participants got caffeine of total dosage of 3 mg/kilogram of their weight. After the comparison, the results showed that 10 people had better performance after consumption of caffeine, and overall there was 3,5-seconds improvement. Nevertheless, the results are not significant according to statistical assessment (p=0,306), and therefore caffeine did not support the...
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Nutrition at sports with weight categories
Žabová, Anna ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on diets in sports with weight categories. The main goal is to find out about the diets of the professional athletes before the official weighting, what methods of weight reduction these athletes use and whether they experience any negative effects of the diet on their health. Theoretical part focuses on the information about weight categories, nutrition recommendations for particular athletes, forms of weight reduction and human body composition analysis. The practical part is divided into two researches. The first research is carried out in the form of a quantitative questionnaire, in which the respondents provide information on dietary habits and their presence in the weight category. The second research focuses on five light-weight rowers, whose body composition information is compared in the non-competitive and competitive period. The questionnaire has been filled in by 103 competitors from 9 different sports with weight categories. Some outputs are quite worrying, or even alarming. Only less than one third of the respondents races in their category without major weight fluctuations or greater dietary restrictions. Comparing the data from both measurements of the body composition of the athlete (out of season and before the race) turned out as expected with only...
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Donor eating habits and drinking schedule before plasmapheresis
Hostinová, Alena ; Tuka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Indra, Tomáš (referee)
(thesis): Basis: This diploma thesis follows the bachelor thesis that concentrates on the eating habits and water intake of blood plasma donors before plasmapheresis. Goals: The research had four goals: 1) explore to what extent does providing of the educational material influence the awareness of blood plasma donors. 2) To map subjective state of health and lifestyle of plasma donors regarding their physical activity, healthy, regular, varied diet, smoking and sleep schedule. 3) To explore the knowledge of regime measures and risk behaviour before donating blood plasma. To evaluate donors' eating habits and water intake before plasmapheresis and reveal potential deficiencies. 4) Evaluate the knowledge of a given problem with those respondents who were provided with educational material in comparison with those respondents who got no educational material. Methods: An educational material was created regarding regime measures of blood plasma donors. This educational material served as the basis for standardized anonymous questionnaire. Maintaining the ethical principles and with the ethical committee's approval, overall data of 40 respondents frequenting Haematology Department and blood transfusion of the Military University Hospital Prague. The sample consisted of two groups of randomly selected...
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Evaluation of eating habits and physical activities in preschool children
Vařejková, Hana ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tuka, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with theme of eating habits in preschool children and their physical activities. The thesis is divided into theoretical part, which process informations have been published about this topic and the practical part, which analyses eating and physical activities in preschool children. The sources used are mentioned in final chapter of the thesis. The objective of research was to summarize an important knowledge about children nutrition and their physical activity and submit results of the research. The theoretical part offers about characteristic of preschool period, specific dietary guidelines and the most frequent dietary restrictions, presents important roles of basic macronutriens and major micronutrients essentials in preschool age. Moreover this thesis devotes to importance of physical activity and its influence of children's health and gives examples of appropriate physical activities and games for children. The practical part analyzes the main research which includes calculation of intakes of nutrients and evaluation of questionnaire related to the physical activity of preschool children. The observed sample represented 15 children between 3 and 6 years old from kindergarten Strojařů in Chrudim. Children's results were recorded by their parents. The objective of...
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Risk factors of atherogenesis and comparsion of nutritious habits of czech and german patients with manifestation of atherosclerosis
Mariánusová, Denisa ; Tuka, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
Kardiovaskulární onemocnění představují ve vyspělých zemích navzdory neustále se zlepšující úrovni lékařské péče a časnějšímu záchytu aterosklerotického postižení cév stále nejčastější příčinu mortality. Obsahem teoretické části této práce je aterosklerotického procesu a rozbor nejvýznamnějších rizikových faktorů. Dále jsou zde popsány projevy manifestovaných forem aterosklerózy a značná část práce je také zaměřena na nutriční prevenci. Praktická část práce si dává za cíl zjišťovat stravovací návyky a přítomnost významných rizikových faktorů aterosklerózy u českých a německých pacientů manifestovanou určitou formou aterosklerózy. Dále se porovnávají rozdíly ve stravovacích návycích mezi těmito dvěma skupinami pacientů. Do výzkumu bylo zařazeno celkem 52 pacientů, 32 německých a 20 českých. Jednalo se o pacienty po prodělaném infarktu myokardu, cévní mozkové příhodě, dále pacienty diagnózou anginy pectoris, ischemické choroby dolních končetin a s ní aorty nebo po operaci tohoto aneuryzmatu. Sběr dat se prováděl kvantitativní Výzkum potvrdil přítomnost minimálně tří hlavních rizikových faktorů aterosklerózy až u 80 % pacientů. Nejčastější u sledovaných pacientů byl výskyt infarktu myokardu (44 %), následovaný ischemickými chorobami dolních končetin (27 %). Při porovnávání stravovacích návyků českých a...
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