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Primary prevention of non-communicable diseases and health promotion in the Czech Republic: a case study of decision-making on the adoption of the Health 2020 strategy
Tušková, Eva ; Potůček, Martin (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Martin (referee) ; Fiala, Jindřich (referee)
Primární prevence nepřenosných onemocnění a podpora zdraví v ČR: případová studie rozhodování o přijetí strategie Zdraví 2020 Disertační práce Eva Tušková Abstract The submitted dissertation provides a detailed insight into the decision-making process for the adoption of the Health 2020 national strategy (and subsequent action plans), which took place in the period 2013-2019, and deals in particular with the question of what factors moved the formulated policy towards implementation. With regard to the development of the health status of the Czech population, the thesis aims to contribute to the understanding of the policy-making processes related to the specific part of the health policy (health promotion and primary prevention of non-communicable diseases) on the national level in the Czech Republic, as well as to discuss possible future development in this area. Last but not least, it provides a brief overview of the level of implementation of the strategy and on the development of selected health status indicators during the strategy's period of validity. The research was designed as a retrospective explanatory qualitative single-case study and is primarily based on a detailed analysis of decision-making processes using the study of public policy documents and interviews with active participants of...
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The process of establishing the Institute of Children's Ombudsman in the Czech Republic.
Otrošinová, Dominika ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis maps a fifteen-year period of repeated and so far unsuccessful efforts to establish the office of the Ombudsman for Children in the Czech Republic. It divides this period into several stages, and for each of them looks for as many elements as possible that have influenced the given stage. Using the Multiple Streams Approach, it focuses on the phase of agenda-setting, finds the main actors of each period, and describes their approaches to setting the topic. It compares the individual stages with each other on the basis of the criteria with which the MSA works. It points, for example, to differences in the position of individual promoters or, conversely, to similar influences of individual streams. In conclusion, it proposes a set of recommendations for the future process, which are based on the analysis.
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The Problem of Child Mental Health Services Inaccessibility in the Czech Republic
Stodola, Marek ; Angelovská, Olga (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the issue of inaccessibility of child mental health services in the Czech Republic. Despite the growth of public interest in child mental health the child mental health services face significant structural problems, such as a lack of medical staff, low quality and inaccessibility. On top of that, these problems are getting constantly worse and potentially endanger the entire system of child mental health services with immense negative impact on society. Despite these trends, there is no coherent and systematic policy precisely dealing with the problems in child mental health care in the Czech Republic. The aim of the thesis is to describe particular problems of child mental health services in depth and then explain what caused fact the agenda has not been set yet. Kingdon's Multiple Streams Framework (MSF), together with the concept of public policy actors were applied. The thesis is based on the qualitative research design using the semi-structured expert interviews complemented with the public policy documents study. The thesis focuses on the period beginning with the passing the Strategy of Mental Health Care Reform in 2013 where the first effort to reform mental health care services was established in an explicit and systematic way. However, the agenda focusing...
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Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform
Řezníčková, Lucie ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The diploma thesis "Czech Healthcare Policy after 2010 in the Context of Heger's Reform", deals with the significant institutional change that was implemented in Czech healthcare law during the right-wing government, which claimed its reforms were necessary in order to balance the budget. The aim of this work is to analyze the development of Czech healthcare policy in the period 2010-2013 with respect to the case of Heger's reform. This thesis uses different methods of analyzing the political process, for example methods of institutional analysis, critical discourse analysis, and other methods. The main theoretical basis of this work consists of a social critique of the neoliberal approach to Czech health care policy, and of a study of healthcare systems, their functions and goals, and a study of health policy and its changes. Attention is paid especially to the context of human rights related to health and the international discourse. This thesis identifies the arguments of neoliberal ideology in the policy-making of Czech healthcare policy makers in the process of justifying reforms. It evaluates the legitimacy of reform changes that don't accept the opinion of the public and don't respond to the international discourse, and investigates how the reform introduces new legal terminology which...
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Health promotion policy of school-age children in the area of nutrition and physical activities
Halbichová, Iveta ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
This thesis deals with the health promotion policy of school-age children in the area of nutrition and physical activities, and identifies the most serious problems related to this field of health policy. It also focuses on the main problems associated with the lifestyle of school-age children in the Czech Republic. Proper eating habits and good relationship to physical activities are formed from an early age, so it is necessary in the terms of health promotion to focus mainly on children and their education to a healthy lifestyle. This creates possibilities to achieve an overall improvement in the health status of population. To fulfill the goals of this thesis, secondary data from documents that are related to the observed problem were used together with primary data from qualitative research, which was conducted by expert interviews. School-age children in the Czech Republic do not comply with the dietary guidelines or recommendations for physical activity proccesed by WHO. A related problem is obesity, which is caused by these factors. Health promotion policy responds to these problems by projects and health promotion programmes. Inadequate infrastructure, which does not allow its national exposure, insufficient funding, staffing and lack of skilled workers in this field were identified as the...
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Approach of the Czech Health Politics to Strategy Health 2020
Machová, Kamila ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The aim of the thesis is the assessment of developments in the approach towards the "European" strategy Health 2020 by Czech political players while using methods of critical discourse analysis and the assessment of the development of the Health 2020 agenda during the period 2010-2012 in the context of previous activities of the World Health Organization. The approach of the Czech health care political players to the strategy had been assessed on the basis of governmental programmatic statements since 1998, the National Reform Program of Czech Republic 2011 and interviews with participants in the Czech health policy and Czech health care. The approach of Czech health policy towards the Health 2020 strategy had been evaluated as extremely problematic. The course of creation and discussion of Health 2020 in 2012 had become a critical barrier for the Czech Ministry of Health. As a result, no wider awareness of this strategy exists in Czech health policy, neither does exist a Czech translation of this strategy. Lastly, the goals of Czech health policy do not reflect in a single point of the goals of the Health 2020 strategy.
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Advertising of OTC as a public policy issue
Kosinová, Kamila ; Tušková, Eva (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
This thesis deals with over-the-counter drugs and their consumption in the Czech Republic. It describes effects of over consumption of OTC on human health. According to data analysis, OTC consumption is connected with health risks and problems when used improperly. Thesis describes information about current consumption and misuse in the Czech Republic and worldwide. It also describes the regulations of OTC advertising. Advertisement does influence consumer's behaviour and it needs to be regulated. The sanctions of breaking the law are inappropriate because pharmaceutical companies do not lack money and it does not threaten them. The analytical part is dedicated to quantitative and qualitative analysis of the most popular OTC analgesics in the Czech Republic. The focus of the analysis is especially on the persuasive techniques used in advertising and how the OTC are displayed. In the end I suggest the possible solution and evaluate them.
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Postgraduate medical education in Czech Republic: Young doctors captured between formal and informal institutions
Šíchová, Tereza ; Tušková, Eva (advisor) ; Háva, Petr (referee)
This master thesis deals with the field of postgraduate medical education. The main goal of this thesis is deeper understanding of problems in the educational system. By means of a qualitative research the thesis explores the problems and causes of current postgraduate educational system from the perspective of young physicians. The research is based on a series of semi-structured interviews with physicians who are currently passing through a phase of postgraduate medical education. Results of the survey show the most questionable fact, according to participants, is the lack of the educational leadership which is supposed to be secured by the assigned supervisor. Despite the formal rules, this role is often ensured merely formally or is missing at all. Participants also mentioned difficulties related to accomplishing of specialized practical training and required procedures. Both of them are frequently subordinated to informal rules. The main findings are based on revealing the causes of problems mentioned above. The reasons of ascertained discrepancy are introduced with the theoretical help of the theory of informal institutions by G. Helmke and S. Levitsky. Through the lense of chosen theory the issue is that there is insufficient efficiency of formal institutions. Therefore, prospective solution should...
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The role of the mediation in pre-divorce and post-divorce care in the Czech Republic
Kučerová, Jana-Anežka ; Dobiášová, Karolína (advisor) ; Tušková, Eva (referee)
The dissertation thesis "The role of mediation in pre-divorce and post-divorce care in the Czech Republic" is about identification possibilities that the mediation brings to families, husbands and wives, and partners with solving difficult life situations like a divorce or a break up between partners. After it describes the impact of these interpersonal conflicts. Theoretical base of this thesis is: family crisis theory, individualized society theory, theory of gender inequality, but for all concept of harmonizing working and family life and changes on labor market. Main source of information was qualitative research of mediation clients and interviews with experts. In my thesis I analyze causes and consequences of conflicts in a partner life and through mediation I suggest a solution of consequences in the incurred situation, which seems like desired in wide society context.
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Current Problems of Czech Medical Assessment Service and Suggestions for Possible Solution
Macháčková, Zuzana ; Tušková, Eva (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to identify all current problems of The Medical Assessment Service and to suggest possible changes and recommendations that could make the system more effective. In the theoretical part is used the concept of the welfare state and points out its crisis of efficiency. Furthermore, the development of the field of Assessment Medicine and its current form was described. In the analytical part was selected an analysis of the information content of documents, which helped to identify all problems and their gradual development. The analysis was also used to propose changes and recommendations. An expert interview was conducted to substantiate the results of the analysis.
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