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Use of project method in forest kindergartens
Lyžbická, Olga ; Koťátková, Soňa (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The topic of the thesis is the question of the project method. The aim of the thesis is to describe the potential of the project method and to research the use in pedagogical practise in forest kindergartens. The theoretical part defines the term project, presents the historical and theoretical contexts associated with the creation of the project method, and presents practical procedures for creating projects. The next part of the thesis describes the model of cooperative learning and provides information related to the application of cooperative teaching in pedagogical practice. The thesis describes the concept of forest kindergartens, where the research was carried out. A mixed approach was applied in the practical part. The results of the quantitative research, carried out by a questionnaire survey among teachers, showed that teachers in forest kindegartens include the project method in a targeted manner. They see the main benefits in the overall development of the child's personality. The barriers are time management, team cooperation, and lack of skills in cooperative teaching. The main focus of the research part of the work was devoted to qualitative research. Action research determined the degree of development of cooperative skills in children during four multi-day projects in a forest...
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Specifics of distance learning in a small village school
Vokatá, Tereza ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Uhlířová, Jana (referee)
This thesis deals with the specifics of distance education at a small village school from the perspective of teachers in the 2020/2021 school year and the forced closure of schools as a result of the global Covid 19 pandemic. In the theoretical part of the work, it is based on the available literature that deals with distance education, and also on the investigation of the Czech School Inspectorate. The work defines the concepts associated with distance learning, its forms and methods, the content of education and its changes during distance learning, the use of digital technologies and points out the pros and cons of distance learning. Considering that the research takes place at a small village school and is dedicated to distance learning at a small village school with a focus on its specifics, the thesis contains a chapter dedicated to small village schools. This chapter deals with the concept of countryside and village, points out the social and cultural aspects of the countryside and explains the concept of small class and rural school. The empirical part is processed as a case study of one particular village school with a small number of pupils and teachers. The aim of the empirical part was to find out how teachers experienced the period when schools were forced to switch to distance...
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Teachers' work with e-resources: a comparison of face-to-face and distance teaching
Staňková, Hana ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Krátká, Jana (referee)
This diploma thesis explores two teachers' approaches to electronic learning resources. The topic is in the current context relevant more than ever, especially when the eventuality of face- to-face education again shifting back to distance learning remains possible. Therefore, it is necessary to know how teachers work with and use electronic materials in preparation for classes and directly when teaching. The main aim of this work is to find out how have the two selected teachers used e-resources in face-to-face and distance learning and to compare their approaches in order to identify differences and similarities in their attitudes. This thesis is qualitative research in which the researcher chooses two methods - interview and observation. Apart from that, it contains theoretical and empirical part. In the former, the author defines the terms teacher, teaching resources, ICT, and e-learning resources. All these listed terms relate to the empirical part where the particular approaches of both teachers are explored with the help of seven identified categories. In the discussion, the use of electronic teaching resources in face-to-face and distance learning as well as approaches of both teachers are compared. The paper concludes by finding out that despite the differences in personalities, age and...
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Conditions of work of a teacher in today's society
Váchová, Markéta ; Urbánek, Petr (advisor) ; Majerčíková, Jana (referee) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The dissertation is devoted to the subject of the teacher's working conditions in contemporary society. Since there are many types of conditions of a teacher's work and this issue can be examined from many points of view, I focused on the conditions that can cause morally dilemmatic situations in a teacher's work. The aim of the thesis is to open up a hitherto little discussed topic in the field of the teaching profession. The work has a theoretical-empirical character. Its theoretical part presents basic knowledge related to topics relevant to the issue under consideration (society; contemporary society; teacher and his work; teacher's profession; teacher's communication; stress in teaching work; moral dilemmas; moral distress). The aim of the research described in the methodological and practical part is to obtain detailed information about situations that represent a moral dilemma for teachers in their work. A mixed research approach was therefore undertaken to best fulfill this objective. The qualitative part contains twenty conducted semi-structured interviews with selected teachers on the topic of morally dilemmatic situations in their work. This was followed by the analysis of interviews and the division of morally dilemmatic situations into categories: teacher vs. parents of pupils; teacher...
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Implementation of Ethic Education as a Supplementary Educational Subject at primary school
Pachelová, Michaela ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Muchová, Ludmila (referee) ; Bravená, Noemi (referee)
This PhD thesis describes the ways of implementing the supplementary educational subject of ethics education into the educational system in Czech society. The primary focus is on the teaching of prosocial behaviour at primary school. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the redudant repeating background of the PhD thesis topic was collected. Prosocial behaviour was defined as positive social behaviour with active participation in solving a specific life situation, where helping others is not connected with the expectation of reward. The presented methods of socialization of pupils were divided into directive and recommended non-directive methods promoting a positive classroom climate. Characteristics of moral growth in younger school-age students were viewed from several criteria. The concept of ethical education in curriculum documents in the Czech Republic and abroad was characterized. The empirical part describes qualitative research with a case study design. Data collection was carried out by direct observation, semi-structured interviews and analysis of school artefacts. The thesis reports on the research conducted on the teaching of ethics education in two selected primary schools. The main aim of the research was to find out how the teaching of prosocial behaviour is implemented in the...
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Primary school children's preconceptions of human-animal relationship
Buryšková, Kateřina ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Krčmářová, Tereza (referee)
The diploma thesis focuses on the research of understanding of different aspects of the relationship between humans and animals in primary school children. The aim of the thesis is to find out what preconceptions children of early school age have about, for example, animal husbandry, domestication or killing animals for different purposes. The theoretical part defines the term animal, introduces the discipline of human-animal studies and presents some of the existing research findings on children's relationship with animals. It also discusses how the topic is covered in the first, second and third grade textbooks and in the Framework Education Programme for Elementary Education. Finally, it characterises constructivism and children's interpretations of the world. The practical part describes the research methodology. Data were collected using semi-structured in-depth interviews with first grade students and the results were analysed by the method of open coding and interpreted. The results indicate that that students hold the largest number of misconceptions in the area of livestock. KEYWORDS: primary school children, children's understanding, preconceptions, constructivism, qualitative research, semi-structured interview, human-animal relationship
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Teachers support of the unsuccessful pupils in primary school
Bartoňová, Veronika ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Krátká, Jana (referee)
This Master Thesis deals with the teachers support of educationally unsuccessful pupils in the 1st grade of primary school. The aim is to record strategies and pedagogical (didactic) practices to support these pupils and to see how these practices are applied in practice. The thesis is divided into two parts, theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part, the concept of an educationally unsuccessful pupil is defined and the causes and consequences of school failure are briefly defined. Legislative (congressional) support for these pupils is also defined, with a focus on 1st degree support measures. Attention is drawn to the factors and areas affecting school success, which the teacher must pay attention to when supporting students, especially those who are unsuccessful in school. The categories that are broken down in more detail are the overall climate in the classroom, the relationship between the teacher and the student, assessment, motivation and forms and methods of teaching. Special attention is then paid to communication, which permeates (touches/penetrates/fuses in) all the mentioned areas. For the empirical part, a qualitative research was conducted using the method of observation in two 3rd grade classes and subsequent interviews with class teachers. The Thesis comes to a conclusion...
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Teacherś support of the unsuccessful primary school pupils
Pánková, Simona ; Stará, Jana (advisor) ; Krátká, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the role of the teacher in the education of unsuccessful schoolchildren at the 1st stage of primary school. The theoretical part deals with various concepts of school failure. The first chapter defines the concept of school success and failure. The second chapter deals with the various reasons for school failure, which the teacher must determine in order to effectively support the pupil. The third chapter focuses on the behavior of pupils with SEN, which can often be dangerous and the teacher must know how to behave in such situations. The fourth chapter deals with how a pupil with SEN is admitted to a regular class. Above all, however, the thesis focuses on the procedures used by the teacher, which help the child in learning and overcoming obstacles that make his learning more difficult, including subjectively perceived failure. We will find this information in the fifth chapter. The next chapters focus on the teaching assistant and the school, which are of cordinal importance in supporting the student. The aim of the empirical part is to find out how teachers at the 1st stage of primary school give unsuccessful pupils support, and what effective procedures (strategies) they use. This part is based on qualitative research. The main research method is the observation...
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Waldorf pedagogy in times of distance education
Košnerová, Štěpána ; Krčmářová, Tereza (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The thesis deals with distance education at Waldorf primary schools in Czech Republic, which occurred under the influence of COVID-19 pandemic. Theoretical part of the thesis describes alternative concept of Waldorf pedagogy, its theoretical background, and principles. Further on, it deals with the definition of the term "distance education" and its relationship to the period of school closure. In the field of distance education, the term "e- learning" is defined, which has become a contemporary tool of education. Empirical part of the thesis aims to examine the effect of the transition to distance education during the pandemic on Waldorf pedagogy. The method of semi-structured interview is used to determine the results of qualitative research. Prior to the data collection, a preliminary survey was conducted in the form of a meeting with a Waldorf teacher. The aim was to penetrate the situation from the point of view of a Waldorf educator and to formulate interview questions. Subsequently, one test interview was conducted. The acquisition of research data took four months, with a total of twelve in-depth interviews. The average length of one interview was less than 57 minutes. The selection of respondents is subject to three criteria. All respondents are teachers at Waldorf primary schools in the...
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Historical development of primary education in Polná in the light of archival sources.
Vomelová, Martina ; Uhlířová, Jana (advisor) ; Stará, Jana (referee)
The diploma thesis is of a historical character. It deals with the development of primary education in Polná in the years 1873-1952. The thesis consists of two parts. The theoretical part describes the historical development of the primary school in Polná in the chosen historical period and how it was influenced by the historical development of the town Polná and the region. Included in this part are the historical specifics of the school based on the school chronicles and other archival materials. The methodology of the theoretical part is based on the historical method, the historical-comparative method, work with documents, analysis, and synthesis. In the theoretical part of the thesis, the materials that are preserved in the library and collection of the Museum Polná were used, as well as the materials preserved in the State District Archive Jihlava. The diploma thesis is also based on the expert literature which was written about the history of the town over time. The theoretical part is supported by the practical part, which is composed of interviews with contemporary witnesses, pupils who attended school in Polná in the final phase of the observed period and a teacher who taught at this school in the chosen period. These narrators provide us with insight into the history of the school based...
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