|
|
Aspects of the Slavic verb "to have" - in grammar. Its auxiliation and the grammaticalization of the European analytic perfect type structures "have" + ppp - Bulgarian, Macedonian, and a corpus based study of Czech
Marvanová, Mira ; Čermák, František (advisor) ; Damborský, Jiří (referee) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee)
The verb "to have" is one of significant elements of the ELA (European Linguistic Area). It belongs to the first stage of europeisms, yet it is not part of the IE heritage and its origin is different in the majority of European languages. Another phenomenon of later date which can be considered a europeism of structural type is the emergence and the development of the analytical perfect habere-tenses or constructions of this type in most of the European so-called haberelanguages, including Slavie. We obviously deal here with an expanding process, the original epicenter of which was Vulgar Latin - with some participation of Greek - in the conditions of centuries-long mutual bilingualism. The subsequent process of diffusion and induction developed several euro-zones out which Slavic represents the two last ones. The process of the europeanization, i.e. its spread ("euro-diffusion") from this epicenter to the European Linguistic Area (ELA), took place firstly in Romance, later in Germanic reaching eventually Slavie through two channels at the threshold of the 20th century. ln the South, this process became one ofthe components ofthe Balkan linguistic integration. It proved to be the most intense in Macedonian as well as in some South Bulgarian dialects which were in direct contact with non-Slavic languages of...
|
|
|
Lexicographic treatment of the valency aspects of verbal diatheses
Vernerová, Anna ; Lopatková, Markéta (advisor) ; Ivanová, Martina (referee) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee)
Název práce: Slovníkové zpracování valenčních aspektů slovesných diatezí Autor: Anna Vernerová Ústav: Ústav formální a aplikované lingvistiky Vedoucí disertační práce: doc. RNDr. Markéta Lopatková, Ph.D., Ústav formální a aplikované lingvistiky Klíčová slova: valence, diateze, pasivní participium Abstrakt: Diateze, a to jak ty tvořené pomocí pasivního participia (pasivum, prostý a posesivní rezultativ, recipientní diateze), tak i tzv. zvratné pasivum (deagentizace) byly v minulosti předmětem řady studií jak v bohemistické, tak i v mezinárodní lingvistice, pro češtinu ale dosud chybělo jejich důkladné slovníkové zpracování. V této dizertační práci se zabývám zachycením diatezí tvořených pomocí pasivního participia a s nimi příbuzných verbonominálních konstrukcí v gramatické komponentě valenčního slovníkuVALLEX. Vlastnímu tématu práce předchází krátký historický úvod a podrobné shrnutí pojetí valence ve Funkčním generativním popisu. Title: Lexicographic treatment of the valency aspects of verbal diatheses Author: Anna Vernerová Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Markéta Lopatková, Ph.D., Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Keywords: valency, diathesis, passive participle Abstract: Diatheses have been the topic of a number of linguistic studies in Czech as...
|
|
|
Collocability of aspect in Czech
Starý Kořánová, Ilona ; Petkevič, Vladimír (advisor) ; Esvan, Francois (referee) ; Bermel, Neil Halford Andrew (referee)
The goal of the thesis is to contribute to the description of the category of aspect and to do so in an alternative way, i.e. without linking aspectual value of a sentence exclusively or directly to the morphological make-up of the verb. The starting point is the distinction between states and activities, i.e. between state and activity events. In the center of our attention are states, namely the way how states are expressed by perfective predicates. Two analyses of corpus data (SYN v7) were performed to pursue the issue. The first analysis focused on the occurrence of state and activity meanings of perfective forms of so-called capacitive verbs. It turns out that one of the decisive factors construing the aspectual meaning of a sentence is the category of tense. The other analysis focused on a collocation we have termed aspectual paradox. It combines durative adverbials (for instance stále) with perfective verbs in the framework of one construction. This analysis has demonstrated that another important factor involved in sentence aspectual construal is modality. Another outcome of this analysis is a classification of state meanings of the "durative adverbial + perfective" collocation. Eleven kinds of meanings were established: ability, possibility, existence, quality, quantity, etc. Verba...
|
|
|
Verbal Valency in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective
Šindlerová, Jana ; Lopatková, Markéta (advisor) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee) ; Malá, Markéta (referee)
Verbal Valency in a Cross-Linguistic Perspective Jana Šindlerová Abstract In the thesis, we look upon differences in argument structure of verbs considering the Czech language and the English language. In the first part, we describe the process of building the CzEngVallex lexicon. In the second part, based on the aligned data of the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank, we compare the valencies of verbal translation equivalents and comment of their differences. We classify the differences according to their underlying causes. The causes can be based in the linguistic structure of the languages, they can include translatological reasons, or they can be grounded in the character of the descriptive linguistic theory used.
|
|
|
The use of Connectors in the Texts of Non-Native Speakers of Czech
Pečený, Pavel ; Petkevič, Vladimír (advisor) ; Škodová, Svatava (referee) ; Zikánová, Šárka (referee)
Title: The Use of Connectors in the Texts of Non-Native Speakers of Czech Author: Pavel Pečený Department: Institute of Czech Language and Theory of Communication Faculty of Arts, Charles University Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Vladimír Petkevič, CSc. Abstract Over the last few years two learner corpora of authentic texts of non-native speakers of Czech have originated (MERLIN Corpus and CzeSL Corpus), giving linguists an important source of data for researching Czech as a foreign language. Ergo, for the first time it is possible to carry out the language analysis of non-native speakers of Czech using tools of corpus linguistics to formulate evidence-based research findings. The presented thesis uses that as well, focussing on the study and description of the use of connectors in the written text production of non-native speakers of Czech, being primarily based on evidence from the learner MERLIN Corpus, which as opposed to other corpora is characterized by linking written text production reliably to the proficiency levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR), including the levels of A2-B2. At the same time, it also contains a text error annotation, thus enabling to ascertain what effect the language proficiency has on the extent of the repertoire and frequency of using connectors,...
|
|
|
Description of Old Czech Common Nouns Declension (with regard to Automatic Morphological Analysis of Texts in Old Czech Text Bank)
Synková, Pavlína ; Oliva, Karel (advisor) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee) ; Vepřek, Miroslav (referee)
The thesis aims at explicit description of Old Czech common nouns declension with regard to its application in a tool for automatic morphological analysis of (digitized) texts in Old Czech. This means that this description is intended to serve as a basis for automatic generation of word forms (jointly with their appropriate morphological information and lemma) which will then be used for assigning morphological categories (gender, number, case) and lemma to word forms occurring in Old Czech digitized texts. The thesis thus develops a base for the first step in transformation of text banks (which currently exist for the Old Czech period) into an Old Czech corpus offering more possibilities for linguistic research. The Old Czech period is defined as a period from the beginning of the 14th century (more precisely from the period when first coherent texts written in Czech appeared) approx. to the end of the 15th century. Nouns were chosen for this work, because they cover approx. 30% of texts in current Czech (which is the highest percentage from all parts of speech). Old Czech texts are taken into account only in a transcribed form (based on transcription rules used in the Old Czech Text Bank developed at the Institute of the Czech Language of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic). On the one...
|
|
|
On the Linguistic Structure of Emotional Meaning in Czech
Veselovská, Kateřina ; Hajičová, Eva (advisor) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee) ; Smrž, Pavel (referee)
Title: On the Linguistic Structure of Emotional Meaning in Czech Author: Mgr. Kateřina Veselovská Department: Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Supervisor: Prof. PhDr. Eva Hajičová, DrSc., Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics Keywords: emotional meaning, linguistic structure, sentiment analysis, opinion mining, evaluative language Abstract: This thesis has two main goals. First, we provide an analysis of language means which together form an emotional meaning of written utterances in Czech. Sec- ond, we employ the findings concerning emotional language in computational applications. We provide a systematic overview of lexical, morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic aspects of emotional meaning in Czech utterances. Also, we propose two formal representations of emotional structures within the framework of the Prague Dependency Treebank and Construction Grammar. Regarding the computational applications, we focus on sentiment analysis, i.e. automatic extraction of emotions from text. We describe a creation of manually annotated emotional data resources in Czech and perform two main sentiment analysis tasks, polarity classification and opinion target identification on Czech data. In both of these tasks, we reach the state-of-the-art results.
|
|
| |
|
|
Homonymy of the passive participles in modern Czech.
Bodanská, Daniela ; Petkevič, Vladimír (advisor) ; Lehečková, Eva (referee)
The thesis describes and analyses various types of parts-of-speech homonymy of forms of passive participles in current Czech. The theoretical basis is particularly Czech grammar and specialized publications on annotating a corpora, the analysed materials are data from written synchronized corpora (SYN2010). In the second part of the thesis, disambiguation rules of selected types of homonymics are formulated based on formal characteristics.
|
|
|
Morphological Analyser of Old English
Tichý, Ondřej ; Čermák, Jan (advisor) ; Petkevič, Vladimír (referee) ; Kučera, Karel (referee)
The paper describes the construction and testing of an electronic application for automatic morphological analysis of Old English. It introduces resources and methodologies at our disposal based on the state of the art in the field of electronic analysis of Old English and on an overview of Old English morphology. A detailed account of the chosen methodology is offered and a specific description of the implementation is provided: from the acquisition and preparation of the input data and choice of technology to the programming and testing of the results. The resulting recall of 95% can be seen as a success of the project, however, the paper also shows how the recall may be improved. It also discusses further use of the analyser, especially the disambiguation of its results. The paper makes a future semi-automatic morphological tagging of Old English texts a real possibility. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
guest ::
