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Acute effects and addictive potential of new synthetic drugs from cathinone group - an animal study
Danda, Hynek ; Páleníček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kubešová, Anna (referee)
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are a novel problem of the drug scene. NPS mimic effects of the "classic" illicit drugs, but since they have a different chemical structure, they are usually not covered by legislative control. The exact nature of the aforementioned effects depends merely on the description by users, with a proper scientific assessment still absent. Aim of this study is to evaluate effects and addictive potential of naphyrone (a derivative of cathinone) in Wistar rats. High concentration of naphyrone in the brain tissue discovered by pharmacokinetic analysis proved its high blood-brain barrier permeability. Brain level of naphyrone peaked at approximately 30 min after the treatment, nearly at the same time as in the serum. Since naphyrone administration significantly rises body temperature and increases overall locomotion, its stimulant effect is prominently apparent. Our study failed to prove any effect of naphyrone on sensorimotor gating. Tendency to produce conditioned place preference was observed but was not significant. My thesis reports on initial and novel findings about impact of naphyrone administration on physiological parameters of the animal model.
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Histomorphological, biochemical and behavioral profile of animal models of schizophrenia
Kubešová, Anna ; Horáček, Jiří (advisor) ; Libiger, Jan (referee) ; Druga, Rastislav (referee)
The presented work focuses on the animal models of schizophrenia. The general part is dedicated to describing histomorphological and biochemical changes in patients with schizophrenia and basic classification and description of animal models of schizophrenia. The results of 3 studies that deal with histomorphological, biochemical and behavioral abnormalities in the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia and in the pharmacological model of schizophrenia induced by the administration of substances that affect the serotonergic system are presented in the special part. In the study No. 1 we demonstrated that the early immune stimulation in rats leads in adulthood to changes in the brain and plasma levels of neurotransmitters and their metabolites, activation of kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, hypertrophy of astrocytes, reduction of hippocampal volume and decrease of tyrosinhydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The findings of this study support the hypothesis of an important pathophysiological role of the early immune stimulation in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. In the study No. 2 we verified the application of tryptamine (psilocin) and phenylethylamine (mescaline) hallucinogen as phenomenologically valid animal model of schizophrenia....
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Acute effects and addictive potential of new synthetic drugs from cathinone group - an animal study
Danda, Hynek ; Páleníček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kubešová, Anna (referee)
Novel psychoactive substances (NPS) are a novel problem of the drug scene. NPS mimic effects of the "classic" illicit drugs, but since they have a different chemical structure, they are usually not covered by legislative control. The exact nature of the aforementioned effects depends merely on the description by users, with a proper scientific assessment still absent. Aim of this study is to evaluate effects and addictive potential of naphyrone (a derivative of cathinone) in Wistar rats. High concentration of naphyrone in the brain tissue discovered by pharmacokinetic analysis proved its high blood-brain barrier permeability. Brain level of naphyrone peaked at approximately 30 min after the treatment, nearly at the same time as in the serum. Since naphyrone administration significantly rises body temperature and increases overall locomotion, its stimulant effect is prominently apparent. Our study failed to prove any effect of naphyrone on sensorimotor gating. Tendency to produce conditioned place preference was observed but was not significant. My thesis reports on initial and novel findings about impact of naphyrone administration on physiological parameters of the animal model.
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Histomorphological, biochemical and behavioral profile of animal models of schizophrenia
Kubešová, Anna ; Horáček, Jiří (advisor) ; Libiger, Jan (referee) ; Druga, Rastislav (referee)
The presented work focuses on the animal models of schizophrenia. The general part is dedicated to describing histomorphological and biochemical changes in patients with schizophrenia and basic classification and description of animal models of schizophrenia. The results of 3 studies that deal with histomorphological, biochemical and behavioral abnormalities in the neurodevelopmental model of schizophrenia and in the pharmacological model of schizophrenia induced by the administration of substances that affect the serotonergic system are presented in the special part. In the study No. 1 we demonstrated that the early immune stimulation in rats leads in adulthood to changes in the brain and plasma levels of neurotransmitters and their metabolites, activation of kynurenine pathway of tryptophan metabolism, hypertrophy of astrocytes, reduction of hippocampal volume and decrease of tyrosinhydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra pars compacta. The findings of this study support the hypothesis of an important pathophysiological role of the early immune stimulation in schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders. In the study No. 2 we verified the application of tryptamine (psilocin) and phenylethylamine (mescaline) hallucinogen as phenomenologically valid animal model of schizophrenia....
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The violence in social communication of university students
Kubešová, Anna ; Vaníčková, Eva (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the problematic of violence in social communication of university students in relation to their gender and field of study. The main content of this thesis is a study based on an anonymous questionnaire which describes occurrence and consequences of violence in social communication of university students. This study is also focused on confirmation of connection between personal experience with violence and development of addictive behavior. The analytic sample of population consists of 135 university students in Prague. The results prove that 30% of university students had personal experience with violence in the past year (2009). More often they were men. The dependence on the field of study was not confirmed. The occurrence of physical violence was more frequent among men, whereas emotional and sexual violence occurred with the same frequency. There was no dependence on field of study. The substance use led to more dangerous forms of violence, especially among men with no dependence on field of study. Physical and psychological consequences of experienced violence were describes with the same frequency with no dependence on gender or field of study. The preventive recommendations were given following the results of the research regarding school programs, which teach children to...
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Identification of nosocomial infection by electrophoretic techniques
Kubesová, Anna ; Moravcová, Dana ; Tesařová, Marie ; Horká, Marie
The detection and identification of pathogens currently relies upon a very diverse range of techniques and skills, from traditional culturing and taxonomic procedures to modern molecular biology based methods. However, conventional laboratory methods are time consuming, laborious, and they may provide both false positive or negative results, especially for closely related microorganisms. In this study, we suggest capillary electrophoresis techniques for differentiation and characterization of Methicillin-resistant and Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus.
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IEF and HPLC-based methods for efficient bacterial characterization
Kubesová, Anna ; Šalplachta, Jiří ; Moravcová, Dana ; Horká, Marie
Pectobacterium and Dickeya species are responsible for blackleg and tuber soft rot diseases on crop and ornamental plants. Recently, a more virulent and aggressive Dickeya type of E. chrysanthemi was described and it becomes serious problem for potato production in Europe. In this study, we suggest procedures using two commonly available laboratory techniques, gel isoelectric focusing and liquid chromatography, for differentiation and characterization of Pectobacterium and Dickeya species. We have confirmed that fingerprinting approach can be used for bacterial differentiation, which can be further used in rapid diagnosis of plant disease.
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Filtration microcartridge and capillary isoelectric focusing for the analysis low number of microorganisms in real samples
Kubesová, Anna ; Horká, Marie ; Šalplachta, Jiří ; Horký, J.
At present, detection and identification of microorganisms in real biological samples needs very sensitive methods for correct diagnosis and therapy in medical practice, biotechnology, agriculture, food safety and quality etc. Accordingly, it is essential to develop new cheap techniques for pathogen identification, particularly for pathogen in complex biological samples. Pre-concentration, separation, and sensitive detection of whole cells in one step are great potential and advantage for detection of pathogens in low concentration. Combination of filtration microcartridge and capillary isoelectric focusing was developed for pre-concentration and pre-separation of microorganisms from real suspensions and the possibility its application to real samples was verified.
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