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Traffic crime and its prevention
Kukrál, Petr ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Zusammenfassung Das Thema der Diplomarbeit ist Verkehrskriminalität und ihre Prävention. Ich habe dieses ausgewählt, weil ich es sehr aktuell betrachte. Der Verkehr ist gegenwärtig ein üblicher Bestandteil unseres Lebens. Verkehrkriminalität betrifft fast alle Menschen. Jeder von uns kann sowohl Obfer, als auch Täter werden. Zugleich handelt es sich um das Thema. Das die Aufmerksamkeit noch nicht verdient. Angesichts der Schadenhöhen, der Anzahl der Todesfälle und der Verletzten handelt es sich um einen Bereich, der einen erheblichen Einfluss auf das Leben sowohl der ganzen Gesellschaft, als auch einer individuellen Person hat. Das Hauptziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Hauptuhrsachen der Verkehrkriminalität zu analysieren und anschlieβend die Vorbeugungen zu erzielen. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus Einleitung, 3 Kapitel und Schlussvollgerung. Das erste Kapitel widmet sich Fenomenologie der Verkehrskriminalität. Es werden hier die Fachbegriffe von Vekehrsdelikten erklärt, die üblichsten Verkehrsstraftaten beschrieben und es wird auch aufmerksam auf Besonderheiten dieser Art von Straftaten gemacht. Das 2. Kapitel gibt einen überblick über die Ursachen und bedingungen der Verkehrskriminalität. Es wird hier der Begriff Verkehrsunfall, als die Hauptuhrsache der Verkehrkriminalität, definiert. Im Weiteren...
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Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Penal Code) and other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere
Kočí, Jakub ; Hořák, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Sexual coercion (section 186 of the Penal Code) and other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere My diploma thesis analyzes of the sexual coercion and it also applies to comparison of the sexual coercion with the other offences against human dignity in sexual sphere, mainly with the rape and the sexual abuse. The sexual coercion is newly (since 2009) included in the Czech Penal Code, namely in the section 186 of this Penal Code. There we find seven subsection (paragraphs) of its editing. The main aim of this text is interpret individual legal signs of the elements of the sexual coercion, particularly the object, the physical elements (actus reus), the offender (the subject) and the mental elements (mens rea). I try to put this aim into context. In the beginning, I sketch of the historical evolution of the legislation of the sexual offences. After that, I deal with the criminological excursion about sexual crime (crime against human dignity). Then this text continues with the concise essay on the present legislation of the sexual offences and their classification. After that, the major part of this thesis describes some terms that are related to the sexual coercion. In this part, I try to compare Czech legislation of the sexual offences with German, Austrian and Swiss legislation, because...
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Cooperating accused
Hula, Ondřej ; Krupička, Jiří (advisor) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (referee)
Zusammenarbeitende Angeklagte Diese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit der Problematik des Instituts des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten", dessen Regelung in die strafrechtlichen Vorschriften durch die Novelle des Strafgesetzbuches Nr. 41/2009 Slg. verankert wurde, die am 1. 1. 2010 in Kraft trat. Die Tschechische Republik reagierte hiermit auf die Aufforderungen der internationalen Organisationen, die die Aufnahme der für die Bekämpfung der organisierten Kriminalität nötigen rechtlichen Instrumente verlangten. Das Phänomen des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten", bzw. des Kronzeugen ruft rege Fachdebatten hervor, denn es stellt ein kontroverses Thema dar. Die Straftäter können nämlich für ihre Zusammenarbeit mit den im konkreten Fall tätigen Organen mit bis zur vollständigen Straffreiheit belohnt werden. Vor allem setzt sich diese Arbeit zum Ziel, die wirksame Rechtsregelung des "zusammenarbeitenden Angeklagten" zu beschreiben, auf einige strittige Aspekte aufmerksam zu machen und zu beurteilen, ob die Verankerung dieses Rechtsinstruments als gerecht gesehen werden kann. Die Diplomarbeit besteht aus sechs Grundkapiteln, die weiter aufgegliedert und ausführlicher ausgearbeitet werden. Im ersten Kapitel liegt der Schwerpunkt in der Klassifikation der Begriffe "zusammenarbeitender Angeklagter" und...
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Forensic Handwriting Examination
Stehlík, Matěj ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Forensic Handwriting Examination The aim of this thesis is to introduce the Forensic handwriting examination as one of the disciplines of Forensic identification, to describe its methods and procedures, and to demonstrate them on specific examples. The aim of the practical part of the thesis is to apply the findings described in the theoretical part of the thesis to the handwriting examination carried out by the author of the thesis, to experimentally verify some of hypotheses presented in the thesis, such as the influence of various factors on the handwriting of an individual, and to examine the most frequent methods of deliberate alteration of one's handwriting. The first chapter of the thesis is focused on the definition of the term "Handwriting Examination", on a brief examination of the history of this branch of forensic science, and on the analysis of its relations to other fields of forensic science, especially to the graphology. The following chapter describes the procedure of establishing one's handwriting habits, the influence of the Czech handwriting system taught to children, and some of the internal and external factors which influence one's handwriting. The third chapter examines the major subject matters of handwriting examination, describes several specific attributes of letters,...
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Issues of punishment for traffic offences
Klinovský, Karel ; Říha, Jiří (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
My thesis is focused on the issues of the punishment for traffic offences. This topic is actually in the spotlight of the social discourse since the relatively high number of tragic traffic accidents leads to the call for the solution of the anomy on the Czech roads. One of possible solutions is also a proportional use of the state repression using the legal tools of the criminal law. The goal of this thesis is an analysis of all the punishments applicable to the traffic offences and their de lege lata and de lege ferenda evaluation. In the first part of this thesis, I will define all kinds of transportation and their legal basis. This is necessary to put the road traffic offences into their proper place in the system of traffic related offences. Furthermore, I define the traffic offence and I also elaborate on which offences are traffic offences per se. My conclusion is that we should use more restrictive approach when it comes to listing the traffic offence. Later on, I modify this restrictive approach by adding the offences of reckless endangerment and obstruction of an official decision. As a part of this chapter, I also examine each offence in the context of their practical use and judicial decisions. The second part of this thesis is focused on the traffic offender. A very specific aspect of...
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The Forensic Significance of Modus Operandi
Lukášová, Tereza ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of modus operandi and it is primarily focused on the forensic importance of this phenomenon. The aim of the thesis is to provide a complex view including all the important aspects of this phenomenon. The object of the thesis is filled within particular chapters. The definition of the concept modus operandi is solved at the beginning followed by the analysis of the components of modus operandi. The most comprehensive passage is focused on the determination of the modus operandi including its objective and subjective determinants. Than follows the description of the mechanisms forming the modus operandi. Eventually is given the analyses of the importance of findings about the modus operandi for various spheres of criminology. The main benefit of this thesis is to provide the summary of the facts regarding the modus operandi, which allows us to describe this phenomenon in details and then use these findings in forensic practise.
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Forensic ballistics
Papírníková, Lenka ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to introduce the basic information about the forensic ballistics and about the procedure of ballistic experts. The first chapter is dedicated to clarification the fundamental terms of the subject matter of this thesis. Beside the term of forensic ballistics I also introduce the meaning of some other related terms used in the following text. Next chapter deals with the history and development of the ballistics. The key feature of every ballistic researches are the ballistics marks described in the third chapter. I focus on the ballistic marks division, the origin and occurrence and receiving of these. The gunshot residues are mentioned in their own subchapter. The objects of the ballistic researches, listed in the chapter four, are firearms, ammunition and animate or inanimate target. Next chapter deals with the range of ballistic researches which can be divided into two groups. Within the frame of the identification examination of firearms and ammunition, the individual and group identification of the gun used in a criminal offence is performed. That means the ballistic marks from the seized firearm are compared with the ones detected in a crime scene. Within the frame of the non- identification examination the firearms and ammunition characteristics, the shooting direction,...
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Methods of Investigation of Sexual Crimes (Selected Issues)
Pixová, Monika ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Cizojazyčné resumé The theme of this diploma thesis is the methodology of the investigation of sexual crimes and its selected issues. Given the large of this topic, I decided to focus only on methods of rape investigation, as a typical represenstative of this group of sexual crimes. The main objective is to identify the problems in the procedure of understanding and investigation. It focuses on the selected specifics which I attent to analyze and evaluate the current legal regulations. To clarify such a large topic, the thesis is divided into seven chapters. The introductory chapter deals with the current legislation of the rape and its historical evolution since the feudal period. This charter compares the Czech legal systém with foreign legal systems. The second chapter provides the statistical data and the typical criminalistics ways of committing this crime which is divided according to committting by adults and committing against children and adolescents. The third chapter deals with the rape from the criminological perspective and decribes the offender and the victim, their characteristics and presents typical characteristics on the case studies. The most extensive chapter is the fourth one which is specifically dedicated to the methology of the rape investigation, describes the typical investigative...
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Stalking - Dangerous Pursuing
Pařízek, Michal ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Stalking - Dangerous Pursuing Abstract This thesis deals with the issue of stalking, which is viewed comprehensively with the aim of summarizing and evaluating its criminological and criminal law aspects and assessing whether Czech legislation allows for an effective response to cases of stalking, timely assistance to its victims and appropriate punishment of the stalker. The thesis points to findings based on foreign research and studies dealing with the person of the stalker, his manifestations, and the person of the victim of stalking and the related effects on him. Surveys show an alarming number of cases of stalking in society with an overall lifetime prevalence ranging from 4.5% to 23.4%, and even from 6.1% to 32.4% for women, depending on the strictness of the definition used. The stalker does not choose his victim at random and the victim usually knows his stalker. The most typical case of stalking being a man stalking his current or former intimate partner, the danger in these cases being precisely the stalker's knowledge of his victim, the sophistication of his actions and his propensity for physical violence. Within the framework of criminal law, emphasis is placed on case law, the approach of practice and on the comparison of Czech criminal law with foreign legislation. The thesis summarizes the...
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