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The effect of methylviologen on secondary metabolites production in in vitro culture of Fagopyrum esculentum, variety Bambi
Vlachová, Veronika ; Tůmová, Lenka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
10 ABSTRACT The subject of this study was to evaluate the efect of abiotc elicitor on rutn producton in callus and suspension cultures of buckwheat. The cultvar of buckwheat used for this research was Fagopyrum esculentum Moench var. Bambi, cultvated in Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium with the additon of growth regulator 2,4-dichlorfenoxyacetc acid (2,4-D) in concentraton of 1 mg/l. The elicitor used in this study was a soluton of methylviologen, 1 ml of it was added to the cultures in three diferent concentratons: c1 = 100.0 mg/100 ml, c2 = 10.0 mg/100 ml and c3 = 1.0 mg/100 ml. The elicitor was afectng the cultures for 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 or 168 hours. Afer the defned period of tme, cultures were collected, dried out and stored for further analysis of rutn content. To control samples (without elicitor treatment) 1 ml of ethanol 96% was added and they were collected afer 6, 24, 72 or 168 hours. Releasing of rutn into the nutrient medium was also investgated. Rutn content in each sample of cultures and in each sample of nutrient medium was later determined by HPLC. Any signifcant increase in the producton of rutn was not observed in this study. The maximum amount of rutn detected was 0.1 mg/g DW, thus the lowest quantty detectable, and was found in suspension cultures in three cases, afer the additon of...
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Analysis of Ginger root extract. I.
Bačová, Barbora ; Jahodář, Luděk (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Bačová, B.: Analýza zázvorového extraktu. I. [Diplomová práce] Hradec Králové 2010, Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta. Komerční extrakt ze Zingiber officinale 8 : 1 byl analyzován na obsah gingerolu, vody a dalších látek. Byly použity chromatografické postupy včetně TLC a HPLC. Metodou hodnocení byly postupy uvedené v US Pharmacopeia 1996 a ČL 2009. Byla potvrzena přítomnost 6-gingerolu v množství 1,17%, obsah vody 89,18% a prokázané další látky podobné gingerolům.
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Knowledge of less common isoflavonoids in plants
Cymbál, Martin ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Jahodář, Luděk (referee)
Charles University Pharmaceutical Faculty in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Candidate: Martin Cymbál, DiS. Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Bachelor thesis 2016/2017: Knowledge of less common isoflavonoids in plants, pp. 78. Isoflavonoids are a group of 3-phenylchromen-4-one phenol flavonoids, many of which are biologically active. Isoflavonoids and their derivatives are sometimes referred to as phytoestrogens, because their structure and effect are similar to steroid hormones and are fed to estrogen receptors in the body. Isoflavonoids play an important role in human food as a health promoting plant substance. Isoflavonoids and their related compounds are used in many dietary supplements and only in one registered phytopharmac (Menofem). Recently, some natural isoflavones have been identified as toxins, eg. biliatrasone, which can cause biliary atresia if infants are exposed to this substance. However, with years of research and finding of new isoflavonoids together with understanding of their mechanism of action and their structure they have gained importance. Over the last ten years isoflavonoids have been subject to extensive research and analysis mainly because of their countless effects that were confirmed by studies. Many other in vitro and in vivo experiments need to be...
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Interaction of phenylpropionic acids with copper
Zemanová, Kamila ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Matysová, Ludmila (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Kamila Zemanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interaction of phenylpropionic acids with copper Copper is an essential trace element which is essential for our body. It has a significant effect on the correct functioning of important organs and it plays an important role in the transfer of electrons at the major enzymatic pathways as a prostetic group. On the other hand, excess or deficiency of copper in the human body can cause many diseases. Phenylpropionic acids are group of substances which can have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. They are involved in the scavenging of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. In this diploma thesis, I tested copper chelating activity of six phenylpropionic acids at different pHs by spectrofotometric methods using a hematoxylin and a bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt as an indicator. 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid showed the highest chelating potential but only using a hematoxylin. KEYWORDS: Copper, Phenylpropionic acids, Antioxidants, Chelating activity, Hematoxylin, Bathocuproin
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Ellagitannins -occurence, metabolism and effects on human body
Raabová, Karin ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Martin, Jan (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY PHARMACEUTICAL FACULTY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY AND ECOLOGY Title of the Diploma thesis: ELLAGITANNINS - OCCURENCE, METABOLISM AND EFFECTS ON HUMAN BODY Candidate: Bc. Karin Raabová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Diploma thesis 2016/2017, pp. 77 Ellagitannins belongs to a class of hydrolysable tannins, which are susceptible to hydrolysis to give ellagic acid in the digestive tract. Ellagitannins occur in many plant families, for example plants in the family Rosaceae, Myrtaceae or Lythraceae. There are naturally found in some fruits (pomegranate, strawberries, blackberries, raspberries, grapes), but also in the seeds of walnuts and thus form a diverse group of bioactive polyphenols with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. Special instrumental methods (HPLC, DAD, MS) are most often used for subsequent evidence of occurrence of these compounds in plants and their identification. This diploma thesis is a literature review, which aimed at processing the available knowledge about the ellagitannins. Attention was focused on the biological activity demonstrated in an animal or human organism. Keywords: ellagitannins, occurrence, metabolism, effects, human body
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Evaluation of natural substances using in vivo tests with Artemia salina
Ježková, Vendula ; Vytlačilová, Jitka (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
1 Abstract Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany Author: Vendula Ježková Supervisor: RNDr. Jitka Vytlačilová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of natural substances using in vivo tests with Artemia salina Biological activity evaluation of substances is important because of toxic effect's assessment on chemical and physiological functions of organisms and their parts. For acute toxicity evaluation was used crustacean Artemia salina in this study. They were tested aqueouses extracts isolated from various plant drugs of Salviae folium, Apii semen, Coptidis rhizoma, Evodiae fructus, Zanthoxyli radix and Ziziphi fructus and two isolated alkaloids galanthamine and huperzine A. For each extract and alkaloid was calculated value of lethal concentration LC50. Results of this study showned, that the extract of Coptis chinensis, LC50 = 0,134 ± 0,004 mg/ml, had most toxic effects. Further the extract's toxicity decreased in the order Ziziphus jujuba, LC50 = 0,817 ± 0,165 mg/m > Zanthoxylum nitidum, LC50 = 1,154 ± 0,015 mg/ml > Salvia officinalis, LC50 = 2,074 ±0,462 mg/ml > Evodia rutaecarpa, LC50 = 2,166 ± 0,244 mg/ml > Apium graveolens, LC50 = 4,041 ± 0,108 mg/ml. Tested alkaloids don't demonstrated any toxicity activity in determinated...
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Interaction of phenylpropionic acids with copper
Zemanová, Kamila ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Matysová, Ludmila (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Kamila Zemanová Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Interaction of phenylpropionic acids with copper Copper is an essential trace element which is essential for our body. It has a significant effect on the correct functioning of important organs and it plays an important role in the transfer of electrons at the major enzymatic pathways as a prostetic group. On the other hand, excess or deficiency of copper in the human body can cause many diseases. Phenylpropionic acids are group of substances which can have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. They are involved in the scavenging of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. In this diploma thesis, I tested copper chelating activity of six phenylpropionic acids at different pHs by spectrofotometric methods using a hematoxylin and a bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt as an indicator. 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)propionic acid showed the highest chelating potential but only using a hematoxylin. KEYWORDS: Copper, Phenylpropionic acids, Antioxidants, Chelating activity, Hematoxylin, Bathocuproin
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Effect of anthelmintics on plant proteome
Kadlecová, Barbora ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Barbora Kadlecová Supervisor: prof. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Consultant: RNDr. Radka Podlipná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Effect of anthelmintics on plant proteome Anthelmintics are pharmaceuticals used in human and veterinary medicine for the treatment of infections caused by helminths. Although their benefits for treated organisms are undeniable, the impact on the ecosystem in general has not yet been thoroughly studied. Anthelmintics and their metabolites can reach the environment through different routes. Directly via an excretion into the faeces and urine of treated livestock animals or indirectly by an application of contaminated manure to soil or its seepage into surface water or groundwater. This exposure has significant and diverse impacts on non-target terrestrial or aquatic organisms and plants. Plants are able to uptake xenobiotics and detoxify them via various metabolic pathways. Phytoremediation as a method that utilizes plants for removing pollutants from environment is based on these pathways and can be effectively used for areas contaminated with anthelmintics. The aim of this study was to obtain further information about changes in the proteome of model plant Arabidopsis...
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Copper reducing effects of quercetin metabolites
Mísař, Jakub ; Karlíčková, Jana (advisor) ; Říha, Michal (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Botany and Ecology Candidate: Jakub Mísař Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Karlíčková, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Copper reducing effects of quercetin metabolites Copper is an essential trace element in particular due to its ability to easily convert between both redox forms: oxidized (Cu2+ ) and reduced (Cu+ ). Flavonoids are common components of the human diet and they can have positive influence on human health. They are converted into small phenolic acids during digestion by specific bacteria in the colon. Although effects of flavonoids have been extensively studied, the same is not true for their metabolites- phenolic acids. In this in vitro study, eight phenolic acids, which are known metabolites of commonly used flavonoid quercetin, were analyzed for their copper reducing activity at four (patho)physiologically relevant pHs. Simple spectrophotometric method based on an indicator bathocuproinedisulfonic acid disodium salt was used for the assessment reduction of copper ions. The degree of cupric reduction differed among tested compounds. All o- dihydroxycompounds were the most active and achieved 100% of cupric ion reduction in low compound to copper ratio. In conclusion, based on this study, it appears that...
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Environmental risk of nanoparticles
Píchová, Magdalena ; Szotáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Karlíčková, Jana (referee)
CharlesUniversity in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Magdalena Píchová Supervisor: Doc. Ing. Barbora Szotáková, Ph.D. Consultant: RNDr. Radka Podlipná, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Environmental risk of nanoparticles The goal of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the influence of various heavy metal oxides in the form of nanoparticles on plants. There were four elements examined: copper, iron, manganese and zinc. For the comparison the ordinary form of the oxide, soluble salt (sulphate) and plants growing on the medium were used. The research was conducted using white mustard (Leucosinapis alba L.) seeds test, which evaluate length of the primary root after three days of germination. Another method was measurement of the heavy metal concentration in the dry tissue using mineralisation and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Metal concentration in the dry tissue was measured also in sedges cultivated in vitro in little boxes for 1 and 2 weeks. CuO nanoparticles (100 mg/l) were examined in detail using False Fox-sedge (Carex Otrubae Podp.). Evaluated markers were: the content of photosynthetic pigments (spectrophotometric), the content of proline (reaction with ninhydrin), peroxidase activity (using guajacol), catalase activity (using hydrogen...
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