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The History and Activities of the Town and Country Planning Department of The Ressearch Institute for Building and Architecture in Brno
Žáčková, Markéta ; Chatrný, Jindřich (referee) ; Ing.arch.Igor Kovačevič, Ph.D. (referee) ; Doležel, Karel (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The dissertation explores the history and activities of the Brno-located Town and Country Planning Department of The Research Institute for Building and Architecture (RIBA) since its foundation in 1954 until its abolishment in 1994. As a part of the department functioning, a description of its main research tasks and publications, which had played an essential part while formulating theory and methodology of urban planning after the 2nd World War in Czechoslovakia, are introduced. Special attention is paid to tasks and publications whose authors and research workers applied interdisciplinary approaches and – in spite of the prevailing totalitarian regime – managed to apply their experience acquired abroad to produce highly influential works such as The Principles and Rules of Spatial Planning. Another objective of the dissertation is the creation of a complex bibliography of texts that were produced by the department (books, reports on the outcomes of research tasks that had been explored at the Town and Country Planning Department and that were released internally as handbooks serving research workers of the institute and other institutions focusing on building and architecture). Depictions of the Brno department of RIBA from the perspective of two of its significant representatives who have outlived the institution they had witnessed to be founded and to the functioning of which they had significantly contributed, become a key part of the text: Ing. arch. Vladimír Matoušek, CSc., the second head of the Town and Country Planning Department of RIBA and Ing. arch. Dušan Riedl, CSc., a theoretician of architecture and urban planning and a top expert on Czech national herritage. As the topic has not yet been subjected to scholarly research, the main objective of the work is to create the very first complex text on the Brno department of RIBA and its activities. The circumstances surrounding the constitution of RIBA in the context of other similarly functioning research institutes are pursued with a special focus on the fields of building, architecture and urban planning as well as legislative embedding of its foundation and functioning, its organization structure, staff, definition of taskmasters and the way the tasks were approached, relations to other institutions in the field, publishing activities and transfer of theoretical research outcomes to practice. The text also deals with the state of present-day research of architecture and urban planning. Archive material and publications released by the institute represent a predominant source of information about RIBA activities. They are now stored at the archive of ABF Foundation in Prague (the foundation has been administering both the archive and library of the Prague department of RIBA since its abolishment), at the library of The Institute for Spatial Development in Brno (the institute administers the library of the former Brno department) and at the Moravian Land Archive in Brno. Both of the archives have been thoroughly researched by the author. Critical reflections upon the urban-planning department of RIBA occurring in contemporary publications and periodicals are another important source of information which help to specify the character of its activities (recent literature mentions RIBA scarcely, a complex evaluation is still missing). Oral history reported by former employees of RIBA, who had contributed to the first-rate quality of its research activities.
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Economic indicators of sustainable urban development of medium-sized towns
Pavlas, Miroslav ; doc.Ing.Liběna Tetřevová,Ph.D. (referee) ; Šilhánková, Vladimíra (referee) ; Mgr. Michael Pondělíček,Ph.D. (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse how to measure an economic pillar of sustainable urban development when it is understood in terms of qualitative city development. This principly means achieving economic prosperity which does not lead to damage of the city areas and decrease the quality of life for its residents. This approach requires the creation of an appropriate set of indicators that will cover qualitative aspects of sustainable economic development. The first section summarizes existing approaches to the definition of sustainable development and ways of measuring both on the Czech and the international level. There are also defined basic characteristics of the urban development which are appropriate to express a qualitative development of the city. The second part is focused on existing ways in which sustainable development is measured, i.e. especially in the context of indicator sets. These are under detailed assessment which aim is to show how useful is to measure the economic sustainability from the qualitative point of view. In this part, the limits of using economic macro aggregates (especially Gross Domestic Product) is emphasized because there are still regarded as one of the key economic indicators of sustainable development. In the next part the thesis deals with the definition of economic prosperity and focuses on the characteristics typical for short, medium and long term perspective. Measurement of sustainable urban development in the short term is based on assessment of financial situation. From the medium-term point of view, it is crucial to assess how the city handles its property, i.e. mainly buildings and land. These property components are substantial for a further direction of city development. In the next section are designed indicators aimed at measuring the ability of the city to maintain a skilled workforce which is one of the most important conditions of long-term economic prosperity. The final theoretical part of the thesis is focused on how the long-term sustainable urban development is to be expressed in an economic way through the assessment of investments in urban infrastructure and its operational efficiency. The designed set of indicators is verified on case studies of three medium-sized Czech cities.
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Healthy Living
Zhuravlyova, Yelena ; Koutný, Jan (referee) ; Peřinková, Martina (referee) ; Tušer, Jaroslav (referee) ; Urbášková, Hana (advisor)
Over the years, every major city turns into a knot of intractable problems: overpopulation, traffic jams, environmental degradation. Some countries make a faster conversion from an industrial development to an information growth phase, than the infrastructural changes take place. Therefore, environmental design and construction would not be short-termed, but rather will be the long-term targets for all the groups associated with the construction. The healthy living is one of the most important reasons to start a complicated long-term reconstruction of eco-cities. Successful ecological reconstitution requires a knowledge about already implemented exemplary solutions. For this purpose, the dissertation analyzes the basic ecological problems of settlements, analyzing the examples of approaches to improve the environmental performance of cities on the reference of foreign experience and creates criteria and principles for designing urban structures for healthy living in CR.
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Brno - Compact City among the old and the new railway stations
Gallo, Luboš ; Tušer,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
Urban-architectural study of a new part of town between the existing and future main train station in Brno. The study is a new concept of space as a potential alternative to the approved land-use plan. The main feature of the solution is to transfer the planned route of the proposed urban boulevard roller coaster in urbanized areas have street griddle. This solution is particularly beneficial in this respect that the body does not make the roller coaster of the area urban barrier. Emphasis is placed on the proposal to create exciting new urban spaces and their interconnectedness. The idea is to create a new pedestrian route as the natural link between the new railway station and historical center of Brno. The proposal addressed two sites. It is the creation of a new residential area on the waterfront Svratky and also address the reconstruction of railway station area. The proposal envisages the territory of the city with the addition of new functions such as library, conference center and also a new church.
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Compact Forms of Housing
Májek, Jan ; Koutný, Jan (referee) ; Rudiš, Viktor (referee) ; Budkeová, Branislava (referee) ; Glosová, Dagmar (advisor)
"The compact forms of housing" is a term with which the Czech interior design yet do not often occur. This concept densely built low-rise residential files yet carries a strong potential not only in matters of mere living, but also offers one of the progressive alternative ways of living environment in general. Examined form of residential buildings is becoming increasingly important especially in specific situations where conventional housing is failing and instead generates other social problems. This thesis is primarily seeking the maximum extent available to document the issue of a compact housing, describe its basic form and point out the historical roots of this typology. The acquired knowledge was then subjected to an in-depth analysis, the output of which is to be the most comprehensive characterization researched the topic and its inclusion in the context of the standard forms of housing. The result is a set of research information, assumptions and typological bases that determine the primary urban, architectural, or social limits of the residential category. This work attempts to take into account the specified topic in the broader context of housing as a basic human need. As a result of findings would be its contribution to the culture scene in our home and create a theoretical material that would become an essential information base for creating compact residential files. The conclusions of this research can be further developed, tested and refined in the educational process at the faculties of architecture or in the practice. The results of research could stimulate interest in this type of housing and contribute to the enrichment of Czech housing scene of a synthetic form, which will form the connecting link between the typological family house and an apartment building. Low-rise housing complexes with a high population density can also create an effective counterbalance to the typical suburban development of part-time family home and offer method, respectively one of the alternative ways to be with this dilapidated urban housing estate deal.
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Architect Jiří Voženílek in Zlín
Svoboda, Jiří ; Prof.Ing.arch.Robert Špaček,CSc. (referee) ; Králová, Eva (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (referee) ; Zemánková, Helena (advisor)
Jiří Voženílek was born on August 14th, 1909 in Holešov. He attended high school in Prague, where he also studied architecture at the ČVUT and he became a university professor at this institution in the 1960’s. Later, he became the main architect of The Capital of Prague. He started to work for the Baťa Company on April 20th, 1937. His first task was to assist the architect Vladimír Karfík on the Roman Catholic Church project in Otrokovice-Baťov. Then he became the leader of the collective 276, Construction Department no. 8 and the head architect as well. He cooperated with architect Jaroslav Fragner for the Baťa Company on the creation of the urban concept called The Industrial City of Kolín in 1940-41. He created an interesting industrial project, The Rendering Plant in Otrokovice–Baťov on his own. Several of his other architectural works can be found in the former Baťa factory in Zlín, particularly the factory buildings no. 15 (built in 1946-47) and no. 14 (built in 1947-48). However, the most famous work of Jiří Voženílek is the Collective House in Zlín. He is the author of many famous urban projects in his homeland and around the world as well. He became the head of the group of architects who created the Regulation Plan of Zlín in 1946-47, which is valid even today.
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Revitalization of BVV area
Severa, Zdeněk ; Tušer,, Jaroslav (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (advisor)
Urban and architectural study of the revitalization of BVV and its surroundings, treated in the dissertation, aims to find a new spatial and functional solution to the complex and its closer integration into the existing urban structure. To resolve this spatial arrangement of the existing barriers are broken between monofunctional often targeted sites in the area. The proposal incorporates elements of the town-in accordance with the principles of creating a compact city. The newly formed development complements existing structures in order to achieve the optimum mix of functions to enhance the viability of the area in question.
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Adaptation of the time resolved optical spectroscopic aparatus
Koutný, Jan ; Šedina, Martin (referee) ; Vala, Martin (advisor)
The theme of the bachelor's thesis is an assembling of an apparatus for measurement of transient absorbance by flash photolysis and a testing its functionality by detecting of benzophenon triplet states absorbance. The theoretical part focuses on basic principles of optic spectroscopy, flash photolysis and an instrumentation used in spectroscopy. Special attention was paid to the components used for constructing of the experimental apparatus. The practical part concentrates on a realization of the apparatus itself, a testing of basic experimental dependences and a determining of time dependence of transient absorbance of triplet states.
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Tactics for rural areas,possibilities of regulation: Kysuce region
Šuška, Milan ; Sopirová, Alžbeta (referee) ; Löw, Jiří (referee) ; Koutný, Jan (referee) ; Kopáčik, Gabriel (advisor)
This thesis defines the values and qualities of rural areas, describes the transformations of architecture and public spaces in the Kysuce region, especially after the year 1989. The development is compared with for¬eign rural regions in Europe. The assignment was to introduce foreign local regulations, verify their influ¬ence on rural areas and modern architecture. The thesis explains the meaning and reasons of architectural and urban planning regulations, verifies the legislative possibilities of their application in Kysuce region and suggests tactics leading to increase of a building culture in the region.
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