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Nursing students'stress factors in clinical practice
Kurišová, Miroslava ; Mádlová, Ivana (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
The thesis focused on the psychological burden of students on professional practice and the related self-confidence of students. I set myself the following goals: 1. To analyze the current state of the issue of mental stress of students in professional practice using scientific sources and articles in Czech and foreign literature 2. Prepare a non-standardized structured questionnaire and assign the target respondents - students of Charles University 2nd and 3rd Faculty of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine / in Prague and students of the Faculty of Health Care of the Catholic University in Slovakia 3. Identify potential differences in the identification of stressors in the course of professional practice and assessment of load by students 4. Propose recommendations for improving education and training during studies The methodology: the work consists of data analysis obtained using a structured questionnaire, which was distributed electronically among students of General Nursing in 2nd and 3rd year in Czech Republic and in the 2nd and 3rd year in Slovakia. The final number of respondents for both universities was 66, a rate of return of 72%. MS excel 2016 spreadsheet processor and IBM SPSS Statistics software version 22 (USA) and Statistica version 12 were used for data analysis. The hypotheses were...
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Executive function in cerebral palsy and their implications for physiotherapy
Horníková, Dominika ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vlček, Přemysl (referee)
Aim: The aim of this theoretical work is to gain an understanding of physiotherapy interventions that are effective on the executive function of children with cerebral palsy. Methodology: In a narrative review, we searched internet databases according to appropriate keywords to find studies dealing with our topic. Subsequently, the discovered studies had to meet our predefined inclusion criteria. We used MICROSOFT WORD and MICROSOFT EXCEL for this procedure. Results: Our findings are based on ten included studies consisting of three randomized controlled trials, three cross-sectional studies and four study protocols of randomized controlled trials. Some studies showed us a significant effect (p<0.05) of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy, where yoga, ballet modified for this diagnosis or intensive exercise were used in the intervention. In addition to their effectiveness on the executive functions we examined, these therapies also demonstrated an effect on improvement in reaching predetermined goals or walking. Conclusion: The effect of physiotherapy on executive function in children with cerebral palsy may seem like an undiscovered topic, but some of the studies we found used interventions that are effective on this investigated area. Keywords: children, cerebral...
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Nursing students'stress factors in clinical practice
Kurišová, Miroslava ; Mádlová, Ivana (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
The thesis focused on the psychological burden of students on professional practice and the related self-confidence of students. I set myself the following goals: 1. To analyze the current state of the issue of mental stress of students in professional practice using scientific sources and articles in Czech and foreign literature 2. Prepare a non-standardized structured questionnaire and assign the target respondents - students of Charles University 2nd and 3rd Faculty of Medicine / Faculty of Medicine / in Prague and students of the Faculty of Health Care of the Catholic University in Slovakia 3. Identify potential differences in the identification of stressors in the course of professional practice and assessment of load by students 4. Propose recommendations for improving education and training during studies The methodology of the work will consist in the analysis of data obtained using a structured questionnaire, which will be distributed electronically among students of General Nursing in 2nd and 3rd year in Czech Republic and in the 2nd and 3rd year in Slovakia. The final number of respondents for both universities was 66, a rate of return of 72%. MS excel 2016 spreadsheet processor and IBM SPSS Statistics software version 22 (USA) and Statistica version 12 were used for data analysis. The...
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Procedural pain in children in intensive care
Duchoň, Jan ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Sedlářová, Petra (referee)
Diploma thesis Proecdural pain in children in intensive care 11 ABSTRACT Background: This diploma thesis deals with the effect of the pharmacological approach of the topical anesthetic EMLA and the non-pharmacological approach of visual distract- ion on self-reported procedural pain and fear during the insertion of a peripheral venous catheter (appr. PVC) in children aged up 2 to 8 years in the intensive care environment. Objectives: The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis was to provide a systematic review of relevant studies that dealt with the effects of pharmacological and non-pharma- cological interventions used in the procedural pain and fear management in children aged up 6 to 18 years during the PVC insertion. The objective of the empirical part of the thesis was to determine whether the use of the topical anesthetic EMLA in children aged up 8 to 18 years undergoing PVC insertion is more effective in reducing procedural pain and fear than visual distraction and whether the level of procedural pain in these children with regard on the provided therapy is influenced by sociodemographic and clinical variables. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in five relevant databases on PRISMA parameters. N = 16 randomized trials were included in the systematic review. In the pros- pective,...
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Relationship between brain asymmetry and performance in dichotic listeing in patients with epilepsy
Mikysková, Karolína ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Maulisová, Alice (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with dichotic listening (DL) as a non-invasive tool to determine the direction and degree of functional asymmetry of the brain hemispheres for processing speech stimuli and its use in patients with epilepsy. The literature review section focuses primarily on DL with verbal stimuli, summarizes existing knowledge on the reliability and validity of DL, provides information on the differences between various DL paradigms, and discusses variables that may influence performance in a DL task. It further describes the differences between individuals with epilepsy (especially temporal lobe epilepsy) and neurologically healthy individuals - concerning their lateralization of speech functions in the brain and overall performance in DL. In the second part, it proposes a quantitative research project with the aim of examining differences in overall performance and direction and degree of hemispheric lateralization for processing verbal stimuli (in the form of a laterality index) in DL with syllables as stimuli between patients with epilepsy (left hemisphere temporal lobe, right hemisphere temporal lobe, and extratemporal lobe) and healthy individuals. Furthermore, it aims to investigate the relationship between these two variables (overall performance and laterality index) in healthy...
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Validation of emotional thermometers in patients in cardiocentre
Mičková, Daniela ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vlčková, Karolína (referee)
The thesis focuses on cardiovascular disease (CVD), comorbid depression and anxiety and the possibility of screening for these two comorbid disorders. The literature review section summarizes the current knowledge on this topic in the CVD patient population. These patients have a higher prevalence of depression, anxiety, experience more stress, are more likely to have a type D personality, and have problems in coping and emotion regulation. These psychological variables have a negative impact on the prognosis of CVD. Individuals with depression and/or anxiety are, in turn, at increased risk for developing CVD, even in the presence of subclinical symptoms. The research section validates the criterion validity of the Emotional Thermometer (ET) screening method for detecting the presence of depression and anxiety symptoms with conventional BDI-II and GAD-7 methods. The respective modules of the M.I.N.I. according to the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV and ICD-10 were chosen as diagnostic methods for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and major depressive episode (MDE). The prevalence in our cohort is GAD: 28%; MDE: 20%; mixed: 15.4%. Based on ROC curve analysis, the ET method under given cut-off scores was shown to be valid for screening GAD, MDE and mixed GAD with MDE in the population of patients with...
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Exercise, side effects of anti-epilepsy drugs and quality of life in patients with epilepsy
Šimonová, Lucie ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vogner, Martin (referee)
Background: This bachelor's thesis examines the relationship between physical activity and sociodemographic variables, clinical variables of epilepsy, anxiety, depression and attentional executions, and adverse effects of ASM. Aims: The aim was to investigate how patients who have physical activity differ from those who do not on sociodemographic variables, clinical variables of epilepsy, adverse effects of epilepsy, anxiety, depression and attentional executions, quality of life and adverse effects of ASM. Methods: 235 patients were included in this retrospective cross-sectional study. Patients were examined at the Centre for Epilepsy Treatment, Department of Neurology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital. Dg. of epilepsy was determined by a physician. All patients signed the IS and the research was approved by the EC. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, maximum, absolute and relative frequencies) were used to describe the variables. Spearman's correlation coefficient, Student's t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to analyze the hypotheses and ANOVA was used.Chi-square test was used for discrete variables and logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR). Results: We were able to demonstrate a relationship...
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Experiences of SARS-CoV-2 patients hospitalised in an ICU
Korčáková, Ester ; Rambousková, Kateřina (advisor) ; Javůrková, Alena (referee)
The present thesis focuses on the experiences of patients hospitalised with the SARS-CoV-2 disease within the intensive care settings. It examines the influence of the hygiene- epidemiological regime and protective medical equipment on the patients'experience of hospitalisation and their effects on their psychological well-being. The theoretical part summarises the basic information about the virus causing the disease, the causative agents, clinical manifestations, and treatment methods. It indicates the specifics of the intensive care unit, preventive measures and hygiene and epidemiological principles. In addition, it states the general principles of care for patients with Covid-19 and discusses the disease in intensive care. Finally, the effects of hospitalisation on the psychological well-being of the patients and the post covid syndrome are discussed. The practical part of the thesis maps the patients' preception and experience of hospitalisation, the hygiene and epidemiological regime, and the protective equipment of the staff. The research was carried out in the form of interviews with nine patients from three health case institutions, the University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, the University Thomayer Hospital, and the Klaudián Hospital in Mladá Boleslav. Keywords: Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2,...
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Association between physical activity, quality of life, depression, anxiety, and cognitive state in patients with epilepsy
Žížalová, Johana ; Javůrková, Alena (advisor) ; Vlček, Přemysl (referee)
Introduction: The quality of life of patients with epilepsy (PWE) is affected not only by recurrent seizures and associated limitations, but also by frequent psychiatric comorbidities and cognitive problems. At the same time, these patients are more prone to a sedentary lifestyle compared to the general population, which can lead to further health disadvantages. Aim: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to investigate the relationship between physical activity and quality of life, depression, anxiety, and cognitive state in PWE. Methods: Data on physical activity (type of activity, number of hours per week, frequency per week), quality of life (Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory, QOLIE-89), depression (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI-II), anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory, BAI; Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7) premorbid intellect (Czech Reading Test, CRT), and executive functioning and attention (EpiTrack) were obtained from 134 PWE at the Centre for Epilepsy Motol of the Neurological Department of 2nd Faculty of Medicine of Charles University. Results: Of 134 PWE, only 33% met WHO recommendations for physical activity. Compared to inactive PWE, these patients had a higher quality of life (QOLIE-89), higher premorbid intellect (CRT), scored better on the executive function and attention test...
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