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Risk analysis methods of natural catastrophic processes in high mountain areas
Falátková, Kristýna ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Engel, Zbyněk (referee)
Glacial hazards such as ice or rock avalanches, debris flows, jökulhlaups or glacial lake outburst floods threaten lives and livelihoods of people. They may grow to unexpected magnitude, travel very long distances and afflict vast areas. To prevent loss of life and human installation damage, risk analyses need to be assessed for hazardous regions. There are various methods to gain information on slope stability, geology of moraine dam or loose debris availability. They can be divided into those used during terrain on-site research and methods of remote sensing. Based on processed data a risk analysis is created and mitigation measures are carried out if necessary.
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Runoff from a mainly peat bog basin
Vlček, Lukáš ; Falátková, Kristýna
This research focuses on the basin's hydrological regime, where peatlands make up approximately half of the area. Hydrological processes in the peat bog and the surrounding forest were evaluated using the HBV model. The results show that the peatlands significantly increase the water regime fluctuation of local streams. Moreover, water balance shows a lower cooling effect of tree-less peat bogs than forests on organo-mineral soils. Except for a positive ecological aspect, peatland restoration can have a negative hydrological impact on the surrounding landscape and local streams.
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Effect of canopy interception on snow accumulation at selected alpine localities in the Czech Republic
Nedělčev, Ondřej ; Jeníček, Michal (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the impact of canopy interception on snow accumulation. In the first part of the thesis, available literature about interception of snowfall on forest canopy is reviewed. In the second part of thesis, the reader is acquainted with the analysis concerning the effects of forest cover on snow accumulation. The thesis compares snow water equivalent under forest stands with different canopy density, under a disturbed forest due to bark beetle forest with snow water equivalent in adjacent open areas. Snow water equivalent in accumulation period in forest is 28% lower than snow water equivalent in open area. Ratio of snow water equivalent in forest to snow water equivalent in open area during accumulation period does not significantly change. Linear regression was used to describe the relationship between snow water equivalent and canopy density. The findings obtained from the regression show that snow water equivalent decreases with increasing canopy density.
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Runoff changes in mountain environment, case study Kyrgyz Ridge, Tian Shan
Jedličková, Šárka ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to search available statistical methods, which can be used for tracking changes in runoff of rivers in mountain areas (but not exclusively there). One of the most commonly used methods is Mann-Kendall test. Next there is test of homogeneity of time series, which includes for example Pettitt test or Mann-Whitney test. To observe the changes we can also use different models. The thesis gives characteristics of the drainage area of the rivers Ala-Archa, Alamedina a Kara-Balta with focus on their runoff. Runoffs of their river Ala-Archa were studied in years 1928 - 2010. For river Alamedin, only years 1926 - 2010 were analyzed. And for river Kara- Balta, the time series is available only for period of 1927 - 1994. Key words: runoff, statistical methods, mountain environment, Tian Shan, glacier-snow regime
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Influence of rock glaciers on hydrological regime
Lencová, Kateřina ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
Within this work, a literary research was performed on the topic of rock glaciers and their influence on river runoff. Rock glacier are features typical for high-mountain periglacial environment. Through the accumulation of part of the flowing glacial water, they significantly affect the timing and quantity of watershed discharge. In addition, stone glaciers preserve significant volumes of water in the form of buried ice, the gradual melting of which regulates river runoff, especially in the dry seasons. A physical- geographical characteristics of the Ala Archa river basin was performed and supplemented by a more detailed climatological characteristic of the study area based on the own processing of meteorological data from the Adygine meteorological station. The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of rock glaciers in the basin of eight selected rivers, which drain the Kyrgyz and Kungej Alatau, on their hydrological regime. It was found that the presence of rock glaciers in the monitored basins affects the runoff regime of these rivers, especially by reducing the differences between their June and July runoffs. Key words: rock glacier, hydrological regime, Tien Shan
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Glacial Outburst Lakes in Kyrgyzstan (case study: Glacier Complex Adygine)
Falátková, Kristýna
In the context of changing climate retreat of mountain glaciers occurs at many places on the planet. One of the consequences is emergence or increase of the outburst risk at lakes situated in front of the glacier terminus. Flood caused by the glacial lake outburst often appear suddenly and can threaten settlements in lower parts of a valley. In the Kyrgyz mountains of Tien Shan there are about 350 lakes at risk of outburst, long-term monitored and dangerous locations are presented in this work. The highest attention is paid to Adygine area where several lakes of different genetic type and age can be found. The largest lake of the locality, the Upper Adygine lake, is subjected to more detailed survey aiming to asses its hydrological regime and to confirm or disprove speculation about outburst possibility of this lake. Keywords: glacial lake, hydrological regime, glacier retreat, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan
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Dynamics of glacial lakes and hydrological conditions of a glacial-morainic complex (Adygine, northern Tien Shan)
Falátková, Kristýna ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Petrakov, Dmitry (referee) ; Pánek, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with hydrological conditions in a proglacial environment, focusing on the development of glacial lakes and the assessment of their susceptibility to outburst. The study site is the Adygine glacier-moraine complex located in the north-facing valley of the Kyrgyz Ridge, northern Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan, at an altitude of 3400-4200 m a.s.l. In the past 50 years, the receding glacier allowed formation of several lakes, which form a three-level cascade and are fed by glacier meltwater. Below the glacier, there is a complex of several generations of moraines, through which the glacier meltwater is routed downstream. The aims of the work were to evaluate the development of individual lakes, their susceptibility to sudden outburst and possible triggers, to estimate the probable development of the site in the future, to analyse the hydrological regime of the lakes and to obtain basic information on the subsurface flow of water from the site to the stream. For the purposes of assessing the development of the lakes, the data obtained in the field (geodetic surveying of a shore line, bathymetric measurements), as well as satellite and aerial images were used. Fluctuation of lake water level was monitored by pressure sensors and the processing of this data allowed to analyse the hydrological...
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Glacial Outburst Lakes in Kyrgyzstan (case study: Glacier Complex Adygine)
Falátková, Kristýna
In the context of changing climate retreat of mountain glaciers occurs at many places on the planet. One of the consequences is emergence or increase of the outburst risk at lakes situated in front of the glacier terminus. Flood caused by the glacial lake outburst often appear suddenly and can threaten settlements in lower parts of a valley. In the Kyrgyz mountains of Tien Shan there are about 350 lakes at risk of outburst, long-term monitored and dangerous locations are presented in this work. The highest attention is paid to Adygine area where several lakes of different genetic type and age can be found. The largest lake of the locality, the Upper Adygine lake, is subjected to more detailed survey aiming to asses its hydrological regime and to confirm or disprove speculation about outburst possibility of this lake. Keywords: glacial lake, hydrological regime, glacier retreat, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan
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Runoff changes in mountain environment, case study Kyrgyz Ridge, Tian Shan
Jedličková, Šárka ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
The goal of this thesis is to search available statistical methods, which can be used for tracking changes in runoff of rivers in mountain areas (but not exclusively there). One of the most commonly used methods is Mann-Kendall test. Next there is test of homogeneity of time series, which includes for example Pettitt test or Mann-Whitney test. To observe the changes we can also use different models. The thesis gives characteristics of the drainage area of the rivers Ala-Archa, Alamedina a Kara-Balta with focus on their runoff. Runoffs of their river Ala-Archa were studied in years 1928 - 2010. For river Alamedin, only years 1926 - 2010 were analyzed. And for river Kara- Balta, the time series is available only for period of 1927 - 1994. Key words: runoff, statistical methods, mountain environment, Tian Shan, glacier-snow regime
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Glacial Outburst Lakes in Kyrgyzstan (case study: Glacier Complex Adygine)
Falátková, Kristýna ; Janský, Bohumír (advisor) ; Hrdinka, Tomáš (referee)
In the context of changing climate retreat of mountain glaciers occurs at many places on the planet. One of the consequences is emergence or increase of the outburst risk at lakes situated in front of the glacier terminus. Flood caused by the glacial lake outburst often appear suddenly and can threaten settlements in lower parts of a valley. In the Kyrgyz mountains of Tien Shan there are about 350 lakes at risk of outburst, long-term monitored and dangerous locations are presented in this work. The highest attention is paid to Adygine area where several lakes of different genetic type and age can be found. The largest lake of the locality, the Upper Adygine lake, is subjected to more detailed survey aiming to asses its hydrological regime and to confirm or disprove speculation about outburst possibility of this lake. Keywords: glacial lake, hydrological regime, glacier retreat, Tien Shan, Kyrgyzstan
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