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French Foreign Policy In The Middle East, And North Africa, Through Neoclassical Realism
Pochat, Aymeric ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
The Mediterranean Sea binds the future of two worlds: Europe and the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). France has long been involved in the region as a foreign power promoting security and stability. French foreign policy follows two guidelines: national independence and multilateralism. The objective is to remain an autonomous actor and secure French interests. To study its foreign policy, the cases of Libya, Lebanon, and Iran since 2011 were selected. In a world where power has fragmented, greater competition between multiple nations has accentuated insecurity. Adding to that socio-economic grievances that sparked the Arab Spring, the MENA region became a geopolitical battleground. The French responded to the growing restrictive and dangerous environment by further emphasising the need for security. Structural factors, such as its position within the system, create opportunities for formulating foreign policy; however, domestic issues, such as its weakened economy, also impedes the freedom with which it can pursue its objectives. Multilateralism has varying purposes; its variable nature can benefit immediate national interests but also hinder French efforts for greater influence, cooperation, and integration.
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South Sudan's border formation process: the case of Abyei
Porubčanová, Lenka ; Mičko, Branislav (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
The Sudan-South Sudan boundary has been the flashpoint of long-standing disputes between the two states. The most volatile area, however, is the oil-rich territory of Abyei. In the complexity of the localized zone, it is not only oil that forms the basis for the intractability of the two state's territorial disputes. This thesis aims to apply a newly developed theory of boundary formation that conveys broad insights into the possible drivers and factors of the border's state, not only in its technical definition. To this end, the thesis monitors some of the most influential factors compared across chronological periods. In such a mechanism, the thesis concretizes the state of the frontier by the selected structuralist theory. The extract further suggests a bidirectional relationship between the influence of state apparatus and border populations on the final borderwork. Therefore, the reflexivity of the population equally contributes to the border's state. This result demonstrates the theoretical model's broad applicability and a multidisciplinary explanation of the local border dispute fixation. Despite the limited scope, and hence the casual relationships examined, the thesis contributes to the debate on the stimulus for Abyei's territorial boundary tensions to some extent.
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Russian patronage to unrecognized states since the annexation of Crimea: A cross case study of the Republic of Abkhazia and the PMR
Koelle, Heidi ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
This Master's thesis focuses on the relationship of the Russian Federation with Post Soviet De Facto States since the annexation of Crimea in 2014. The purpose is to give a cross-case comparison of factors of the two cases:the PMR and Abkhazia. Both of the case studies have their unique sets of challenges and common obstacles towards their respective state-building. The central focus and aim will be to examine any key developments in their relationships with the Russian Federation since 2014. Russia's role as a patron state and their soft power tactics towards their compatriots will also be examined in this study.Various concepts ofthe patron state relationship are going to be point of focus as well. The issue of whether or not the patron state hinders or helps de facto states in their state- building comes into question.Key words: De facto state,PMR, Abhazia, State Patronage
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In between peacebuilding and counterterrorism. Critical evaluation of external interventionism in Mali in the context of lessons learned from Afghanistan
Anton, Lea Sophie ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
Bibliographic note Anton, L. S. (2021). In between peacebuilding and counterterrorism. Critical evaluation of external interventionism in Mali in the context of lessons learned from Afghanistan. [Unpublished master's thesis]. Charles University. Abstract This thesis is concerned with the core question of how to promote sustainable stability and peace through interventions in Mali. To limit the scope, the actors focused on are limited to the UN and EU. To answer the question, the learnings and insights form the intervention in Afghanistan are elaborated and applied to Mali to improve future intervention design. A small-n case study approach has been chosen to provide a thorough analysis of the development of peace and stability in each country. A Key Performance Indicators (KPI) based meta data analysis has been applied considering different theories of peace as well as stability. For the data relevant reports and indices are used. The analysis demonstrates that even though temporary and small-scale military goals are achieved over the duration of interventions, no sustainable or efficient progress towards peace and stability could be observed. Consequently, policies need to be adapted. Established hypotheses could be proven throughout the thesis. After the analysis, the international engagement in...
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The role of the Coalition for the Sahel against violent non-state actors in the region
Schwanitz, Paulina Sophie ; Riegl, Martin (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
This paper focuses on the Coalition for the Sahel, primarily in its efforts against violent non-state actors. The central point of the research is the achievements attained between the years 2020-2022 and the work the Coalition still has ahead of them. The Coalition was introduced in 2020; its base is built upon four main goals, referred to as the 'four pillars.' The Coalition for the Sahel involves the countries of France, Mauritania, Niger, Chad, Burkina Faso, and Mali. All, excluding France, make up the Group of 5 for the Sahel. By the conclusion, this paper will have answered the research question: What was the extent of the success of the Coalition for the Sahel? In the past two years, the G5S has successfully undertaken several projects, yet, it has also had to withdraw from others. The next possible steps for the Coalition will be identifiable through the analytical approach taken to answer the abovementioned question.
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Beneficial or Detrimental Relationship? The Case of State-Sponsored Terrorism and the Identity of Violent Non-State Actors
Dvořák, Daniel ; Doboš, Bohumil (advisor) ; Collins, Jonathan (referee)
With the slow, but steady, amelioration of relations between Israel and the Gulf monarchies, the Islamic Republic of Iran is becoming even more regionally ostracized and may currently present a potential threat to the stability in Middle East. This, coupled with an uncertain domestic stability, may incite a rash decision within Tehran's leadership in order to both alleviate its domestic issues and assert its position in the region. This frustration may be directed towards Israel, the Gulf, or any other potentially threatening presence. One of the tenets of Iranian external power is its support for various resistance movements in Lebanon, Palestine, Yemen, Syria, Iraq and the Gulf. Iran's long-lasting relationship with two of these movements - Hezbollah and Hamas - is particularly interesting in the context of ever-changing dynamics in the region. Thus, the aim of this diploma thesis to assess whether the relationship between a benefactor, in this case the Islamic Republic of Iran, and a two proxies, Hezbollah and Hamas, is beneficial or detrimental to the latter. The assessment focuses on ideologies and goals of both sides of the relationship and how they man contradict each other at times.
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The problem of applying political, cultural, historical and territorial rights of the Evenks in Russia
Zhdanov, Ilia ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee)
OF GRADUATE WORK Title: The problem of applying political, cultural, historical and territorial rights of the Evenks in Russia Author: Zhdanov Ilia Supervisor: PhDr. Michael Romancov, Ph.D Number of pages and characters: 1/1436 Abstract The problems associated with the realization of the rights of nations without their own states are quite discussed. Some nations conquer others within the framework of state expansion, after which many nations are on the verge of solving many problems - how to survive, how to realize their political, social, cultural rights within the existing reality? In this thesis work, a specific example of one small northern nation in the Far East of Russia, the Evenks, was taken. In the first part, models of federalism were considered, one of which is Russian federalism. Russian federalism is unique for a number of reasons, but the main thing is a complex federal structure - some subjects of the federation within others, a national-territorial and at the same time territorial type of federation. In the second part, the position of the Evenks in Russia was studied, the indicators of knowledge of the language, the presence of their own territorial autonomies, the evolution of their position within the Russian state were studied. In the third part, the experiences of other states...
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