|
|
Maliki elites in Damascus in the 14th and 15th century
Švandová, Karolína ; Ženka, Josef (advisor) ; Ťupek, Pavel (referee)
The thesis deals with the maliki learned elites in Damascus in the second half of the 14th century and the first half of the 15th century. It examines selected contemporary Arabic written sources, such as historical chronicles and biographic dictionaries by chosen mamluk authors. Based on the data extracted it aims to reconstruct the lived reality of the maliki elites and their depiction in the selected sources. An analysis of the personnel structure of the maliki community is presented, together with the study of the representatives' scholarly and vocational activities and the role of the community as a whole in the specific social dynamics of Damascus in the examined period of time.
|
|
|
Alchemy in Ibn Khaldūn's Concept of Medieval Science
Havlová, Markéta ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This thesis examines Ibn Khaldūnʼs concept of alchemy in his work Mukaddimah. Its chapters dealing with alchemy were analyzed as well as works of Ibn Khaldūnʼs predecessors, whose works Ibn Khaldūn quotes. Due to this comparison it was possible to analyze Ibn Khaldūnʼs view of alchemy and to look at it in a context of the view of sciences from that time. In this work, Ibn Khaldūnʼs view of alchemy in social context is also considered as well as consequences of alchemy practicing for humanity. These thoughts can be also compared to views of other scholars, for example Ibn Ḥazm and others, who also expressed their opinions on alchemy and other occult sciences in their times.
|
|
|
Granada elites in 15th century
Ženka, Josef ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Veselý, Rudolf (referee)
Th e work deals with the inner history of the Nasrid emirate in the fi fteenth century, emphasizing the behaviour of the elite families and their relationship to the ruling power. According to the analysis of the contemporary sources the author determined the genealogy of the most prominent families. He subsequently concentrates on their mutual relationship, their action during the coup, and their ruling power in the course of the fi fteenth century. What emerge here as dominant elements are Muhammad IX.'s elites. As they participated in every single coup, they gained substantial power and to a large degree contributed to the decline of the emirate. Th e author pays attention to the growing power of the Granadan families' high representatives to the exclusion of the king's power, which resulted into the disintegration of the emirate. It's the attendant phenomenon on the events of the fi fteenth century. Th e work also deals with the fi nal confl ict among the elite families in the Granadan War, which was the culmination of the dynastic argument and entailed the decline of the emirate.
|
|
|
Constitutional System of Islamic Republic of Iran: History, Theory and Practice
Horčička, Matouš ; Kříhová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This bachelor's thesis focuses on the constitutional system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, specificially on its historical genesis, theoretical fundaments and real performance. The first chapter deals with constitutionally formative aspects in chronological historical perspective which stood behind the creation of the contemporary constitutional system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this part of the thesis, aspects which played a significant role in the development of Iranian constitutionalism in each era of Iranian history are identified starting with Safavid era, through Qajar period, Constitutional Revolution and the rule of Pahlavi dynasty until the events of the Islamic Revolution and the Constitutional Revision of 1989. The second chapter is dedicated to the Iranian Constitution itself. It works with the characteristics, structure and text of the Constitution with the focus on the particular legal concepts while evaluating these aspects via the law in books perspective, which is the perspective portraying concrete legal system in its formal extent, how it's meant by the diction of the legal text. While using the comparative method, the third chapter of the thesis confronts the theoretical scheme of the Constitution and examines the chosen legal concepts of the Iranian constitutional...
|
|
|
Shiite Education System
Sklenařík, Jakub ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This master's thesis aims to explore the Shiite education system of Twelver Shia as well as placing it in the context of historical development of Shia with emphasis given on the issue of Shiite clergy's religious authority during the time of the Occultation of the Hidden Imam and consecutive reinforcement of their authority. The thesis is based on analysis of literature dealing with the primary topic. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Shiite Education System
Sklenařík, Jakub ; Ťupek, Pavel (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
(in English): This master's thesis aims to explore the Shiite education system of Twelver Shia as well as placing it in the context of historical development of Shia with emphasis given on the issue of Shiite clergy's religious authority during the time of the Occultation of the Hidden Imam and consecutive reinforcement of their authority. The thesis is based on analysis of literature dealing with the topic.
|
|
|
Conversion of Iran to Shiite Islam
Horňák, Milan ; Oudová Holcátová, Barbara (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
The subject of this paper is the conversion of the Iranian area to Shi'a Islam. This conversion took place under the patronage of the Safavid dynasty in the period between the years 1501 and 1736. I deal primarily with individual religious groups which did not have the support of the state in this period. On these I demonstrate the way Iranian diverse religious scene changed from a Sunni one with many heterodox and unislamic groups to a centralized polity with a Shi'ite identity. There was a great difference between the two Safavid centuries. In the 16th the kings focused on building a Shi'ite identity for their lands while keeping their own messianic role. That was detrimental mainly for Sunnis, Sufi orders, and other Shi'ite groups. Contrarily, in the 17th centrury the Shi'ite identity was well rooted and only politically motivated movements of Christian population took place. In the very end of Safavid rule, in a time of decline, a class of influential clerics tried to unite the population under Shi'ite Islam and instigated another wave of persecutions targeting this time Sunnis and non-Islamic minorities. During the whole Safavid period the heterodox Islam of the original Safavid Sufi order declined, since their chiliasm was over time neutralized.
|
|
|
The reforms during the reign of sultan Qaboos in Oman
Denk, Matěj ; Gombár, Eduard (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This Bachelor thesis deals with political and security history of Sultanate of Oman during the reign of sultan Qaboos (1970-present days), which is characterized by extensive reforms for modernization. Thesis describes circumstances of Qaboos accession to the throne, causes and background of the reforms and actual political and security situation as well. It puts stress on foreign influence on decision-making process in Oman, especially on extraordinary relationship with Great Britain. Using the full extent of foreign literature and internet sources it gets to the conclusion that given reforms were a result of personal involvement of sultan Qaboos and socio- economic pressures, which made them inevitable.
|
|
|
Educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during French protectorate
Gavenda, Lukáš ; Ženka, Josef (advisor) ; Beránek, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis compares French educational policy in Morocco and Tunisia during the French protectorate. It concetrates on the evolution of educational systems of both countries before the French colonial era and French reforms of the system. It is based on an analysis of the key figures of the protectorates, the residents-general Cambon and Lyautey and their heads of the education departments Machuel and Hardy. That is achieved through an analysis of their opinions on the educational and colonial policy and their application. The thesis deals with the beginninigs of the protectorate era when the foundations of the French system were laid.
|
|
|
Christian Captives in 17th Century Morocco
Kolek, Ladislav ; Veselý, Rudolf (advisor) ; Ženka, Josef (referee)
This thesis presents an inquiry into the issue of Christian captives in 17 th century Morocco, while the main concern is given to all main aspects of the moroccan captivity. The thesis begins with the introduction to the historical background of the period, which is followed by chronological delineation of the act of being taken captive where the corsaires of Salé took their part, then the living conditions which the Christians had to face during their captivity in Morocco, to the possibilities of redemption which the situation offered. keywords: Morocco, piracy, captives, Christians, 17 th century, Moulay Ismail, Salé, Republic of Bouregreg
|
guest ::
RSS feed.