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Resistance of asphalt binder and asphalt mixture against deformation
Dubšíková, Karolína ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Dašek, Ondřej (advisor)
Subject of this bachelor´s thesis is to describe laboratory properties of asphalt binders in relation to permanent deformation. The principle and procedure of empirical tests needle penetration and softening point will be explained in the theoretical part. The principle and procedure of MSCR test will be also described. The properties of four asphalt binders will be evaluated in practical part. These binders will be used for production of asphalt mixtures, which will be subjected to wheel tracking test and their results will be compared.
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Force ductility of asphalt binders
Smolka, Zdeněk ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Dašek, Ondřej (advisor)
The bachelor thesis describes a laboratory characteristics of bituminous binders. There will be described the principle and results of laboratory tests, needle penetration, softening point by ring and ball and force ductility. The tests will be performed on samples of the bituminous binders with different degrees of modification.
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Dynamic viscosity of asphalt binders
Broďák, Marek ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Dašek, Ondřej (advisor)
The bachelor thesis describes a laboratory characteristics of bituminous binders. The principle, procedure of meansurment and comparison of test results of dynamic viscosity, needle penetration and softening point by ring and ball method will be described. The tests will be performed on samples of the bituminous binders with different degree of modification.
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Permanent deformation on asphalt mixtures
Bambulová, Lucie ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Hýzl, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with a description of the laboratory properties of aged bituminous binders in relation to permanent deformation. The theoretical part deals with the empirical tests: needle penetration and softening point. There is also explained the procedure and the principle of the MSCR test. In the practical part are evaluated the properties of fifteen tested bituminous binders and based on the results are made two plates which are tested to permanent deformation.
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Rheological properties of asphalt binders
Coufalík, Pavel ; Bačová,, Katarína (referee) ; Komačka,, Jozef (referee) ; Hýzl, Petr (advisor)
Dissertation thesis is focused on rheological properties of asphalt binders and on changes of their performance during the lifetime in road structures. Aging processes of asphalt binders and methods of laboratory aging are described in the theoretical part of the thesis. Furthermore, basic rheological models and related test methods for the evaluation of asphalt binders are described. In the practical part, properties of asphalt binders are investigated after aging process and their performance is evaluated by empirical and functional test methods. The various methods of aging are compared with each other and a relationship between real conditions and laboratory aging is researched. In the next section, vacuum flashed cracked residue (VFCR) is added to the selected asphalt binders and their influence on rheological properties during description of aging of asphalt binders is investigated. The results were used in publication of two certified methodology under the title „The methodology for the evaluation of paving bitumen in terms of susceptibility to thermal oxidative aging“ and „The methodology describes laboratory aging of asphalt mixtures“. The results of the thesis are listed in the conclusion.
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MSCR test in dynamic shear rheometer
Střasáková, Monika ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Kudrna, Jan (advisor)
The laboratory properties of bituminous binders in relation to permanent deformation are described in this bachelor‘s thesis. The principle and procedure of MSCR test will be explained in the theoretical part. The principle of empirical tests (needle penetration, elastic recovery and softening point) will be also described. The properties of four bituminous binders will be evaluated in practical part. The comparison of binders will be performed based on test results.
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Inertial measurement unit for road parameter measurment
Toman, Ondřej ; Coufalík, Pavel (referee) ; Holcner, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor´s thesis deals with the measurement of road unevenness. Inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an electronic device that provides information about acceleration and space orientation thanks to combination of gyroscopes and accelerators. IMU is a basic component of all inertial measurement systems that are used to transport measurement. Roadways with different surfaces were tested for verification of this device. The aim of this thesis is the description of work with inertial measurement unit as well as description of measurement and its performance, evaluation and verification of IMU usage for analysis of road unevenness. At the end there are some recommendations for improvement.
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Desing and evaluation of Bituminous Stress Absorbing Pavement Layer
Coufalík, Pavel ; Špaček, Petr (referee) ; Kudrna, Jan (advisor)
This master's thesis deals with the possibility of special asphalt-rubber mixture using - Stress Absorbing Layer (SAL). In the theoretical part the SAL and test methods are described. In the practical part, several different mixtures are designed and selected mixtures were tested. Low-temperature characteristics, permanent deformations, bending tensile relaxation, stiffness modulus and fatigue properties were determined. Based on the test results the mixtures were compared and their benefit is evaluated according to Performance Pavement Design Method, the pavement structure was evaluated by using of computer programme LayEps.
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DNA damage induced by occupational exposure to copper oxide nanoparticles
Rössner st., Pavel ; Pelcová, D. ; Elzeinová, Fatima ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Coufalík, Pavel ; Vlčková, Š. ; Fenclová, Z. ; Rössnerová, Andrea
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) have a widespread use in industry, chemistry, in production of electronic devices and as an antimicrobial agent. Although copper is an important biogenic element, CuO NPs are toxic with the ability to induce oxidative stress, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest or DNA damage. For humans, the inhalation route is the most common way of exposure to CuO NPs. In the body, CuO NPs may be either deposited in the lungs, or transported to other organs. Their presence usually causes oxidative stress or inflammatory responses, consequently leading to DNA damage. In this study, we investigated the effect of CuO NPs inhalation on DNA damage in a group of researches conducting animal exposure experiments. The subjects were exposed to various metal oxide nanoparticles, including CuO NPs, by inhalation for an average of 4.9 ± 0.4 years. The average mass concentration of Cu in the air during the experiment was 7.3 ± 3.2 ng/m3. Subjects not exposed to nanoparticles served as a control group. We applied micronucleus assay using Human Pan Centromeric probes to detect DNA damage and to distinguish between the frequency of centromere positive (CEN+) and centromere negative (CEN−) micronuclei (MN) in the binucleated cells. We\ndid not find differences between both groups for either mean MN frequency (10.38 ± 2.50 vs. 11.88 ± 3.01 MN/1000 binucleated cells), or CEN+/CEN- ratio (58%/42% vs. 55%/45%), for the exposed and controls, respectively. In conclusion, inhalation of CuO NPs at this low-level exposure had no effect on chromosomal losses and/or breaks.
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GENE EXPRESSION AND IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE IN MICE EXPOSED TO ZnO NANOPARTICLES
Rössner ml., Pavel ; Vrbová, Kristýna ; Strapáčová, S. ; Rössnerová, Andrea ; Ambrož, Antonín ; Brzicová, Táňa ; Líbalová, Helena ; Javorková, Eliška ; Zajícová, Alena ; Holáň, Vladimír ; Kulich, P. ; Večeřa, Zbyněk ; Mikuška, Pavel ; Coufalík, Pavel ; Křůmal, Kamil ; Čapka, Lukáš ; Dočekal, Bohumil ; Šerý, Omar ; Machala, M. ; Topinka, Jan
We analyzed gene expression changes in the lungs and the immunological response in splenocytes of mice exposed by inhalation of ZnO nanoparticles - NP. Adult female ICR mice were treated for three days and three months, respectively. Analysis of differential expression in genes involved in oxidative stress was conducted using quantitative RT-PCR. The potential immunotoxic and immunomodulatory effects of ZnO NP were analyzed by phenotyping and cytokine production by splenocytes after three months exposure. Three days exposure resulted in down-regulation of GCLC, GSR, HMOX-1, NQO-1, NF-kB2, PTGS2 and TXNRD1 mRNA expression, three months exposure increased the expression of these genes. Three months exposure caused a significant decrease in the percentage of granulocytes in the spleen cells, and affected the production of IL-10 and IL-6 by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated leukocytes. In summary, our study revealed changes in the expression of genes involved in the oxidative stress response following acute ZnO NP exposure. Subchronic ZnO NP exposure induced immunomodulatory effects in the spleen.
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